季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 23:23

本文选题：双子表面活性剂 + 有机硅　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有机硅双子表面活性剂兼具了有机硅表面活性剂润湿铺展性好、乳化稳定性好、生理毒性低和双子表面活性剂临界胶束浓度低、表面活性高的特点近年来备受关注。本课题以聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚和羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷为主要原料合成环氧基聚醚改性硅氧烷,再与N,N-二甲基长链烷基胺进行季铵化反应,制备6种不同疏水链长度的季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m(m=8、10、12、14、16、18)和5种不同联结基长度的季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)(x=0、15、30、100、800)。采用单因素实验优化了合成工艺,并研究了表面活性剂的性能及其在制革中的应用。通过对6种不同疏水链长的季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂的物化性能和抗菌性能进行研究,发现随着C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m疏水链长度的增加,其表面活性、润湿性、乳化稳定性、起泡性等物化性能以及抗菌性能均先增强后减弱。对其热力学性质进行研究,发现随着C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m疏水链长度的增加,胶束化驱动力的转变过程为焓驱动—熵驱动—焓驱动。对C_8-PSi_(15)-C_8和C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)的胶束聚集数进行测定,发现相同浓度下C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)的胶束聚集数远大于C_8-PSi_(15)-C_8。随着浓度的增加,C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)在水溶液中的聚集形态为胶束—球形囊泡—棒状囊泡—哑铃状囊泡—囊泡串。通过对5种不同联结基长度的季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)(x=0、15、30、100、800)的表面活性、润湿性和乳化稳定性进行表征,发现随着C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)中硅氧链长度的增加,C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)的表面活性、润湿性和乳化稳定性先增强后减弱。对其起泡性和抗菌性进行表征,发现C12-PSi0-C12的起泡性和抗菌性最优。将不同疏水链长度和不同联结基长度的季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂应用于制革浸水和染色工序,发现经C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)助剂浸水后皮样的抗菌性能和纤维分散性最好,且对胶原纤维损伤较小,经C12-PSi0-C12助剂染色后皮样的色牢度和染料吸收性最好。
[Abstract]:Silicone Gemini surfactants have the characteristics of good wettability, good emulsification stability, low physiological toxicity, low critical micelle concentration of Gemini surfactants and high surface activity.In this paper, epoxy polyether modified siloxane was synthesized from polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, and then quaternary ammonium reaction was carried out with N- N- dimethyl long chain alkylamine.The synthesis process was optimized by single factor experiment, and the properties of surfactant and its application in leather production were studied.The physicochemical and antibacterial properties of six quaternary ammonium silicone Gemini surfactants with different hydrophobic chain lengths were studied. It was found that with the increase of C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m hydrophobic chain length, its surface activity, wettability and emulsification stability were obtained.Foaming properties such as physical and chemical properties and antimicrobial properties were first enhanced and then weakened.It is found that with the increase of the length of C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m hydrophobic chain, the transition process of micellization driving force is enthalpy driven, entropy driven and enthalpy driven.The number of micellar aggregates of C_8-PSi_(15)-C_8 and C / C _ S _ 12 / C _ S _ 12) was determined and it was found that at the same concentration, the micelle aggregates of C _ (12) -P _ Si-C _ (12)) were much larger than those of C _ 8-PSiS _ (15) C _ (+) _ _ _.With the increase of concentration, the aggregation morphology of C _ S _ (12) -P _ Si _ (12) C _ (C) C _ (12) in aqueous solution is micelle, spherical vesicle, rod vesicle, dumbbell vesicle and vesicle string.The surface activity, wettability and emulsification stability of five quaternary ammonium salt organosilicon Gemini surfactants Ctit 12- PSix-C _ (1) -PSix-C _ (1) C _ (12) P _ (Six-C _ (12))) were characterized by their surface activity, wettability and emulsification stability. It was found that the surface activity of C _ (12) -P _ (Six-C _ (12) C _ (12)) was observed with the increase of the length of silicon-oxygen chain in C _ (12) C _ (12) -P _ (Six-C _ (12) C _ (12)).Wettability and emulsification stability were first enhanced and then weakened.The foaming and antimicrobial properties of C12-PSi0-C12 were characterized and the results showed that the foaming and antibacterial properties of C12-PSi0-C12 were the best.Quaternary ammonium organosilicon Gemini surfactants with different hydrophobic chain lengths and different binding lengths were used in tanning and dyeing processes. It was found that the skin samples after being immersed in water by Cn12- PSiS-1 + C12) had the best antimicrobial properties and fiber dispersion.The color fastness and dye absorption of the skin were the best after dyeing with C12-PSi0-C12 auxiliaries.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ423

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