有机硅二醇改性浇注型聚氨酯弹性体的合成以及性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 04:24

本文选题：聚氨酯 + 有机硅二醇　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：聚氨酯(PU)的原材料品种丰富,合成工艺和方法很多,再加上独特的分子构成,使得材料拥有非常多优异的性能,如硬度范围宽,强度高,杰出的低温以及耐油、耐磨性能等,在生产、生活的很多方面都有广泛的应用。然而PU的内生热大,耐水性以及耐候性不好,这些不足限定了其在某些特定环境下的使用,因此PU的改性就受到业界的关注。近年来,关于有机硅改性聚氨酯复合材料这一课题已有相关报道,该复合材料与单一的PU材料相较,拥有这两种材料的性能优势,应用前景非常广。本课题主要围绕常规品种的浇注型聚氨酯弹性体(CPUE),对不同含量有机硅二醇改性CPUE的合成以及性能进行了表征和分析,希望研究的结果能对实际生产起到一定的促进作用。主要内容如下:1.有机硅二醇改性PTMG型浇注型聚氨酯弹性体(CPUE)。采取实验室常规的原料-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI),聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)和3,3’-二氯-4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷(MOCA),采用化学改性的方法将有机硅二醇引入到聚氨酯分子中,合成了一系列结构相似、有机硅二醇含量不同的PTMG型改性聚氨酯弹性体。通过红外测试技术对其分子结构进行了表征。通过应力-应变测试、热重(TGA)分析、接触角(CA)测试、耐液体测试、扫面电镜(SEM)分析和动态力学性能(DMA)测试等分析手段对弹性体的力学性能、热稳定性、疏水性、耐酸碱性能、表面微观相状态等进行了研究和分析。结果表明,有机硅二醇的嵌入使得聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能、耐热性能、疏水性能以及耐酸碱性能等均得到一定程度改善,这与复合体系中的微相分离程度相关。2.有机硅二醇改性PCL型浇注型聚氨酯弹性体(CPUE)。将PTMG改为聚ε-己内酯二醇(PCL-210N),其他原料、方法、表征手段等保持一致。结果显示,红外测试表明有机硅二醇成功地接入到聚氨酯分子链中,而不是简单的机械混合。同样地,伴随有机硅二醇的加入,体系微相分离程度增大,这也是导致改性聚氨酯弹性体热稳定性、力学性能、耐水性能等得到改善的原因。与聚醚型不同,随着有机硅二醇含量的增加,损耗因子tanδ和损耗模量E''先减小后增大。
[Abstract]:The rich variety of raw materials, many synthetic processes and methods, and unique molecular composition make the materials have many excellent properties, such as wide range of hardness, high strength, excellent low temperature, oil resistance, wear resistance, etc. In many aspects of production, life has a wide range of applications. However, due to its high endogenic heat, poor water resistance and poor weather resistance, the modification of pu has attracted much attention due to its limited use in some specific environments. In recent years, there have been related reports on silicone modified polyurethane composites. Compared with a single pu material, the composite has the advantages of the properties of these two materials, and has a wide application prospect. The synthesis and properties of organosilyl modified CPUE with different contents were characterized and analyzed around the conventional cast polyurethane elastomer. It is hoped that the results of the study can promote the actual production to some extent. The main content is as follows: 1. Organosilyl diol modified PTMG cast polyurethane elastomer. In this paper, conventional laboratory raw materials, toluene diisocyanate (TDI), poly (tetrahydrofuranediol) (PTMG) and 3 (3) -dichloro-4- (4) -diaminodiphenyl-methane (MOCAA), were used to introduce organosilyl diol into polyurethane molecules by chemical modification. A series of PTMG modified polyurethane elastomers with similar structure and different content of silicone diol were synthesized. The molecular structure was characterized by IR. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, hydrophobicity, acid and alkali resistance of elastomers were analyzed by means of stress-strain test, thermogravimetric TGA analysis, contact angle CA) test, liquid resistance test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and dynamic mechanical properties (DMA) test. The surface microphase states were studied and analyzed. The results showed that the mechanical properties, heat resistance, hydrophobic property and acid-alkali resistance of polyurethane elastomer were improved to some extent by the intercalation of organosilyl, which was related to the degree of microphase separation in the composite system. Organosilyl diol modified PCL cast polyurethane elastomer. The change of PTMG to poly (蔚 -caprolactone) PCL 210N, other raw materials, methods and characterization methods were consistent. The results showed that silicone diol was successfully inserted into the polyurethane molecular chain instead of simple mechanical mixing. Similarly, with the addition of organosilyl, the degree of microphase separation increases, which leads to the improvement of thermal stability, mechanical properties and water resistance of modified polyurethane elastomers. Different from polyether type, loss factor (tan 未) and loss modulus (E') decrease first and then increase with the increase of organosilicon diol content.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ334.1

【参考文献】