海底溢油运动数值模型及可视化研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 03:04

本文选题：石油泄漏 + 海底输油管道　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前海洋环境面临多种因素的破坏,其中海底输油管道泄漏所导致的危害性十分严重,而且这种危害具有长期性。因此当发生石油泄漏时,应建立一种快速有效的机制来应对石油泄漏事故产生的环境污染。本文以渤海地区为背景,基于海底输油管道泄漏事故,针对泄漏石油的水下扩散问题展开研究。首先,本文介绍了海底输油管道泄漏石油水下扩散研究的历史背景、研究意义、国内外已有的相关研究成果,以及所用的主要理论和方法。其次,本文对现有模型进行了三个方面的改进。已有的模型主要考虑水流速度、石油密度、泄漏口尺寸、波浪等对于泄漏石油的运动轨迹的影响,而没有考虑海水的温度、输油管道的位置和泄漏口角度对泄漏石油的水下扩散的影响。本文构建的模型分别研究了温度变化对于泄漏石油属性(密度、粘度、比热容、导热系数)的影响、输油管道的位置和泄漏口角度对泄漏石油初始状态的影响,进而分别对上述三个因素对泄漏石油的水下扩散的影响进行了详细的讨论,并用最小二乘法进行数值拟合。实验结果验证了上述三个因素对泄漏石油上升至海水面时水平方向移动的最远距离及其时间都有比较明显的影响,研究结果对于围油栏的投放有很好的参考价值。最后,本文对上述研究进行了总结,并对下一步的研究工作进行了展望。本文建立的数学模型,在控制方程中引入VOF模型和标准化的k-ε湍流模型,采取有限体积法对控制方程进行离散,采用PISO算法计算流场,并采用软件FLUENT 15.0进行数值模拟。
[Abstract]:At present, the marine environment is being destroyed by many factors, among which the damage caused by the leakage of submarine oil pipeline is very serious, and the damage is of a long-term nature. Therefore, a rapid and effective mechanism should be established to deal with the environmental pollution caused by oil spill. In this paper, based on the oil pipeline leakage accident in Bohai Sea region, the underwater diffusion problem of oil spill is studied. First of all, this paper introduces the historical background, research significance, related research results and main theories and methods of underwater diffusion of oil leakage in submarine pipeline. Secondly, this paper improves the existing model in three aspects. The existing models mainly consider the effects of flow velocity, oil density, leak size, wave and so on on the trajectory of oil leakage, but do not consider the temperature of sea water. The influence of pipeline location and leakage angle on the underwater diffusion of oil leakage. The effects of temperature change on oil leakage properties (density, viscosity, specific heat capacity, heat conductivity), the location of oil pipeline and the angle of leakage mouth on the initial state of oil leakage are studied in this paper. Furthermore, the effects of the above three factors on the underwater diffusion of the leaking oil are discussed in detail, and the least square method is used for numerical fitting. The experimental results show that the above three factors have obvious influence on the longest distance and the time of horizontal movement when the oil spill rises to the sea surface. The results of the study have a good reference value for the oil fence. Finally, this paper summarizes the above research and looks forward to the next research work. In this paper, the VOF model and the standardized k- 蔚 turbulence model are introduced into the control equation. The control equation is discretized by the finite volume method, the flow field is calculated by the PISO algorithm, and the numerical simulation is carried out by using the software FLUENT 15.0.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE88

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