掘进面通风系统及干式除尘器流场特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 21:13

本文选题：掘进面粉尘 + 通风系统　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在煤矿巷道掘进过程中产生的粉尘量远大于《煤矿防爆安全规程》中的规定,高浓度的粉尘不仅严重威胁煤矿工人的身体健康,而且是煤矿安全生产的一大隐患,因此掘进面粉尘治理一直是煤矿安全的研究重点。而掘进面粉尘的高效解决取决于两个方面,一是控尘技术,设计高效的通风系统,保证掘进面的粉尘尽可能都被除尘设备带走;二是除尘技术,对进入除尘器内部的粉尘进行高效处理。而目前通风系统不完善、不可靠仍然是煤矿重大事故隐患之一,且目前我国大部分煤矿采用除尘率为50%~70%的湿式除尘器,对极易引发尘肺病的呼吸性粉尘的处理能力不足。因此,研究掘进面通风系统及新型矿用干式除尘器对掘进面粉尘治理有很重要的意义。针对上述问题,本论文研究了某实际掘进巷道通风系统的风筒参数对除尘效率的影响,为提高其通风系统的除尘效率提供指导;并且对除尘效率高达99.99%的新型矿用HBKO1/600干式除尘器的内部流场特性进行研究,为进一步研发适用于我国煤矿生产的干式除尘器奠定基础。具体研究内容包括以下几个方面:首先分析气固两相流基本理论,建立气固两相流控制方程;并分析了纤维过滤机理,为计算机数值模拟提供理论指导。在此基础上,在地面模拟巷道内,对压入式、抽出式和长压短抽式通风系统进行试验研究,并分别建立其三维模型,在ICEM中进行网格划分,然后应用Fluent软件对各通风系统模型进行数值模拟。研究表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,验证了仿真模型、网格划分、仿真方法及边界条件设置的正确性。然后针对某实际掘进巷道,建立不同风筒参数的长压短抽通风系统巷道模型,采用相同的模拟方法,对各模型的粉尘处理情况进行仿真分析。研究结果表明:针对该实际掘进巷道,当除尘系统的正压风筒出口、负压风筒吸口距掘进面分别为8 m和2 m,正、负压风筒距巷道地面的高度分别为2.2 m和1 m,正压风筒直径约为0.6 m时,除尘效率较高。最后,对新型矿用HBKO1/600干式除尘器进行研究,在UG软件中建立1:1三维模型,在ICEM中生成网格,利用Fluent软件对其内部运行轨迹、压力场、速度场进行数值模拟。研究结果表明:所研究干式除尘器采用上下箱体分离的结构,避免了进口处的高速气流对滤芯表面的冲击,布置在下箱体的滤芯表面速度和压强分布比传统袋式除尘器均匀;但各滤芯间的处理风量存在不均匀现象,且该现象与滤芯位置有关。并对不同过滤速度和滤芯渗透率下除尘器内部流场特性进行研究,研究表明:随着过滤速度的增大,除尘器内部整体气流分布不均匀程度也随之增大;而滤芯渗透率对各个滤芯处理风量和速度场分布几乎没有影响,但是减小滤芯渗透率,会带来除尘器内部较大的压降,尤其对滤芯间隙的压降影响较大。
[Abstract]:The amount of dust produced in the tunneling process of coal mine roadway is much larger than that stipulated in the regulations on Safety of explosion Prevention in Coal Mine. The high concentration of dust not only seriously threatens the health of coal miners, but also is a major hidden danger in the safe production of coal mines. Therefore, dust treatment of heading face has been the focus of coal mine safety research. The efficient solution of tunneling flour dust depends on two aspects: one is dust control technology, the design of efficient ventilation system to ensure that the dust of the heading surface is taken away by dust removal equipment as far as possible; the other is dust removal technology. The dust that enters the dust collector interior carries on the high efficiency treatment. At present, the ventilation system is not perfect and unreliable is still one of the hidden dangers of coal mine major accidents. At present, most coal mines in China adopt wet dust precipitators with a dust removal rate of 50% or 70%, and the ability to deal with respiratory dust which is easy to cause pneumoconiosis is insufficient. Therefore, it is very important to study the ventilation system and new type dry dust collector for the dust treatment. In view of the above problems, this paper studies the influence of tuyere parameters on the dust removal efficiency of a practical tunneling roadway ventilation system, and provides guidance for improving the dust removal efficiency of the ventilation system. The internal flow field characteristics of a new type of HBKO1/600 dry dust collector with a dust removal efficiency of 99.99% are studied, which lays a foundation for further research and development of a dry dust collector suitable for coal mine production in China. The specific research contents include the following aspects: firstly, the basic theory of gas-solid two-phase flow is analyzed, and the governing equation of gas-solid two-phase flow is established, and the mechanism of fiber filtration is analyzed, which provides theoretical guidance for computer numerical simulation. On this basis, in the ground simulation roadway, carry on the experimental research to the pressure-in type, the extraction type and the long pressure-short pumping type ventilation system, and separately establish its three-dimensional model, carry on the mesh division in the ICEM, Then the model of ventilation system is simulated by Fluent software. The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the correctness of the simulation model, mesh generation, simulation method and boundary condition setting are verified. Then the roadway model of long pressure and short suction ventilation system with different tuyere parameters is established for a practical tunneling roadway. The dust treatment of each model is simulated and analyzed by the same simulation method. The results show that: for the actual tunneling roadway, when the barotropic duct outlet of the dust removal system is 8 m and 2 m from the driving surface, the suction opening of the negative pressure duct is 8 m and 2 m, respectively. The dust removal efficiency is higher when the height of negative pressure tubing from roadway ground is 2.2 m and 1 m, and the diameter of barotropic tubing is about 0.6 m. Finally, a new type of HBKO1/600 dry precipitator for mining is studied. The 1:1 3D model is built in UG software, and the mesh is generated in ICEM. The internal running track, pressure field and velocity field are simulated by Fluent software. The results show that the dry dust collector adopts the structure of separating upper and lower boxes, which avoids the impact of high speed airflow on the surface of filter core, and the distribution of velocity and pressure on the surface of filter core is more uniform than that of traditional bag filter. However, there is an uneven air flow rate among the filter elements, and this phenomenon is related to the location of the filter element. The characteristics of the internal flow field of the dust collector under different filtration speed and filter core permeability are studied. The results show that with the increase of the filtration speed, the unevenness of the whole air distribution in the dust collector also increases. The permeability of filter core has little effect on the distribution of air volume and velocity field, but reducing the permeability of filter core will lead to a large pressure drop in the dust collector, especially on the pressure drop of filter core clearance.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD724;TD714.4

【参考文献】