大粒径球形发射药的制备

发布时间：2018-05-09 13:05

本文选题：球形发射药 + 燃烧　；参考：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于大粒径球形发射药具有小的初始燃烧比表面,可应用于大中口径身管武器,因此对大粒径球形发射药的研究引起了关注,但是现有的球形发射药生产工艺存在粒径难控制、溶剂用量大、操作复杂的问题,本论文借鉴制药领域中大粒径球形颗粒的生产工艺,采用挤出滚圆法和剪切搓圆法制备大粒径球形发射药。论文的主要研究工作如下:(1)利用挤出滚圆法制备球形发射药。研究了溶剂与胶化物料的质量比、滚圆时间、滚圆机载药量对成球质量的影响,并用SEM对制备的颗粒形貌和内部结构进行测试,采用密度瓶法、干法和干筛法分别测试球形颗粒的颗粒密度、堆积密度和粒径分布。结果表明当溶剂质量为胶化物料质量的20%、滚圆时间为7 min、滚圆机载药量为300 g时可制得堆积密度为0.704 g.cm-3的球形发射药,且大于1 mm粒径范围内的颗粒所占比例为66.4%,最大直径大于1.6 mm;该方法制备的球形发射药表面粗糙、内部疏松且多空洞、堆积密度较小,适合低密度球形发射药的制备。(2)利用剪切搓圆法制备大粒径球形发射药。研究了搓刀间距、溶棉比、搓刀旋转速率、单体直径、成条设备对成球质量的影响,并用气相色谱法(GC)检测球形颗粒残溶,采用密度瓶法、标准容器法分别测试球形颗粒的颗粒密度和堆积密度,采用密闭爆发器测试其燃烧性能,结果表明经过烘干后的颗粒残溶达标,且当搓刀间距为0.4 mm,溶棉比为0.4:1,丸条直径为3.8 mm时,制备的球形药伸长度为1.033,颗粒密度为1.680 g.cm-3,堆积密度为0.945g.cm-3,密闭爆发器实验结果表明颗粒燃烧稳定,燃烧曲线符合球形药减面燃烧规律,该方法适合高密度的大粒径球形发射药的制备。
[Abstract]:Because the spherical propellant with large particle size has small initial combustion ratio surface, it can be used in large and medium caliber barrel weapon, so the research of large diameter spherical propellant has attracted much attention. However, the existing production technology of spherical propellant is difficult to control the particle size. The problem of large amount of solvent and complicated operation is discussed. In this paper, the large size spherical propellants are prepared by extruding round method and shearing rubbing round method for reference to the production process of large diameter spherical particles in pharmaceutical field. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1) spherical propellant is prepared by extrusion round method. The effects of the mass ratio of solvent to gelling material, the rolling time and the loading amount of the rolling machine on the ball forming quality were studied. The morphology and internal structure of the prepared particles were tested by SEM, and the density bottle method was used. The particle density, packing density and particle size distribution of spherical particles were measured by dry method and dry sieve method respectively. The results show that the spherical propellant with packing density of 0.704 g.cm-3 can be obtained when the solvent mass is 20% of the gelling material mass, the rolling time is 7 minutes, and the loading amount of the roll machine is 300g. The ratio of particles larger than 1 mm in diameter is 66.4 and the maximum diameter is more than 1.6 mm. The spherical propellant prepared by this method has rough surface, loose interior and many voids, and small packing density. It is suitable for the preparation of low density spherical propellants. The effects of the distance between the twisting knife, the ratio of cotton to cotton dissolving, the rotation rate of the rubbing knife, the diameter of the monomer and the strip forming equipment on the quality of the ball were studied. The residual dissolution of the spherical particles was detected by gas chromatography (GC), and the density bottle method was used. The particle density and packing density of spherical particles were measured by standard vessel method. The combustion performance of spherical particles was tested by a closed explosive device. The results showed that the residual solution of the particles after drying was up to standard. When the diameter of the pellet is 3.8 mm, the particle density is 1.680 g 路cm ~ (-3) and the particle density is 1.680 g 路cm ~ (-3). The experimental results of the airtight exploder show that the particle combustion is stable. The combustion curve is in accordance with the law of surface combustion of spherical propellant, and this method is suitable for the preparation of high density spherical propellants with large particle size.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ562

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