稠油油藏注蒸汽储层损害机理及保护措施研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 08:40

本文选题：稠油油藏 + 注蒸汽　；参考：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：稠油具有重度大、粘度高、流动能力差、对温度较为敏感等特点,通常会选择注蒸汽开采。注蒸汽虽然可以促进稠油的有效开发,但是高温、强碱蒸汽液的注入也会给地层带来一定的损害,比如:粘土膨胀、矿物和岩石骨架溶解、粘土矿物转化、原油组分变化等。本文以X油田哈浅22块储层为研究对象,以研究注蒸汽开采中的保护储层技术为目标,在疏松砂岩储层地质特征和损害机理的基础上,结合哈浅22块的试采情况,开展注蒸汽过程中储层损害机理研究,通过优选适用的粘土稳定剂、优化注蒸汽工艺等措施,完成注蒸汽储层保护技术研究,为油田进行注蒸汽开发提供了重要依据。结合注蒸汽开采稠油油藏的研究现状,本文在前人研究的基础上,通过实验对注蒸汽过程储层敏感性变化、粘土矿物转化、矿物溶解及原油组分变化等进行了深入研究,确定了哈浅22块疏松砂岩注蒸汽损害机理。高温、强碱蒸汽液的注入,增强了储层的碱敏、温敏等损害;促进了粘土矿物的水化膨胀;能够引起粘土矿物之间的转化,促进水敏性粘土矿物的产生;引起了矿物的溶解,容易造成出砂甚至坍塌等损害;引起原油组分变化,沥青质组分增多,沉淀后堵塞孔道,严重影响储层的有效开发。根据注蒸汽造成的损害,对无氯小阳离子粘土稳定剂、粘土稳定剂NW、粘土稳定剂NW-6、粘土稳定剂S-403、新疆某化工厂生产的粘土稳定剂1号、2号、3号等七种粘土稳定剂进行了筛选,通过对比七种粘土稳定剂的配伍性、高温防膨性、耐水洗等性能筛选出小阳离子粘土稳定剂和粘土稳定剂S-403两种性能良好的粘土稳定剂。根据哈浅22块疏松砂岩注蒸汽损害机理,提出优化注汽速度、控制蒸汽pH等储层保护措施。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil is characterized by heavy oil, high viscosity, poor flow capacity and sensitive to temperature, so steam injection is usually chosen. Although steam injection can promote the effective development of heavy oil, the injection of high temperature and strong alkali steam liquid will also bring some damage to the formation, such as clay swelling, dissolution of mineral and rock skeleton, clay mineral transformation, change of crude oil composition, and so on. In this paper, the reservoir of Hashen 22 block in X oilfield is taken as the research object, the reservoir protection technology in steam injection production is studied as the goal, on the basis of the geological characteristics and damage mechanism of loose sandstone reservoir, combined with the production test situation of Hashi 22 block. The research on reservoir damage mechanism during steam injection is carried out. Through the measures of selecting suitable clay stabilizer and optimizing steam injection technology, the research on reservoir protection technology of steam injection is completed, which provides an important basis for steam injection development in oil fields. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a deep study on the changes of reservoir sensitivity, clay mineral transformation, mineral dissolution and crude oil component change during steam injection process. The mechanism of steam injection damage in 22 loose sandstone blocks is determined. At high temperature, the injection of strong alkali vapor liquid enhances the damage of the reservoir, such as alkali sensitivity, temperature sensitivity, etc., promotes the hydration and expansion of clay minerals, can cause the conversion between clay minerals, promotes the production of water-sensitive clay minerals, and causes the dissolution of minerals. It is easy to cause damage such as sand production or even collapse, which can cause changes in the composition of crude oil, increase of asphaltene, and block the pore channel after sedimentation, which seriously affects the effective development of reservoir. According to the damage caused by steam injection, seven kinds of clay stabilizers, such as chlorine-free small cationic clay stabilizers, clay stabilizers NW, clay stabilizers NW-6, clay stabilizers S-403 and clay stabilizers No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 produced by a chemical plant in Xinjiang, were screened. Two kinds of clay stabilizers of small cationic clay and clay stabilizer S-403 with good properties were screened by comparing the compatibility of seven clay stabilizers, high temperature swelling resistance and water washing resistance. According to the mechanism of steam injection damage in 22 loose sandstone blocks, the measures for reservoir protection such as optimizing steam injection velocity and controlling steam pH are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE258

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