连续油管井底延伸工艺技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 20:41

本文选题：连续油管 + 井底延伸　；参考：《长江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：连续油管钻井(Coiled Tubing Drilling—CTD)技术是20世纪末期在国际石油行业兴起的一种非常热门的新型钻井工艺技术。该技术采用连续油管来代替常规的钻杆,并配合井下动力装置来进行井下钻进延伸。使用CTD的突出优势在于钻进中不需停泵接单根,可实现钻井液的连续循环,提高了起下钻速度和作业的安全性,减少了起下钻时间,缩短了钻井周期。特别对于老井重新开发(老井加深、开窗侧钻)不仅可以大幅度节约钻井成本,同时还可以发现、开采新的油气储量,有助于老油田的稳产增产,提高最终采收率,能显著提升油田效益。同时CTD技术便于进行小井眼、欠平衡钻井,对于低压易漏失地层能进行负压钻井,降低钻井风险;对于水敏易塌地层,CTD可以采用氮气钻井、油基钻井液钻井等方法,为煤层气和页岩气等特殊气藏的开发提供安全可靠的钻井技术。当前,世界上许多油田已进入开发后期,尤其我国大部分内地油田也进入了高含水期,产量急剧下降,另外受到钻井工艺技术及设备等的综合制约,还有相当部分低渗透油气藏和特殊油气藏还未全面投入开发,而CTD技术无疑是解决这类问题的一个较好方法。文章结合国家科技重大专项项目36《煤层气钻井工程技术与装备研制(二期)》中的课题6“连续油管装备与应用技术”,针对连续油管井底延伸工艺进行研究。研究意义明确,研究成果可用于指导现场的连续油管井下延伸试验,并初步形成了适应于我国的连续油管井底延伸工艺的研究报告。本文主要从以下几方面进行研究:(1)本文对连续油管井底延伸所需的设备和工具进行了总结,对井下重要工具的技术参数进行详细说明,对工艺流程进行了介绍,推荐了用于井底延伸的底部钻具组合(bottom hole assembly,简称BHA)。(2)用能量守恒法和微分方程法推导连续油管临界弯曲轴向载荷公式具有一致性,求得连续油管发生正弦屈曲的临界轴压为25.1KN。(3)建立了连续油管钻井用多喷嘴射流辅助钻进的模型,给出了小尺寸钻头(Φ118)的施工参数,对关键参数进行了界定和求解。(4)多喷嘴射流辅助钻进中前喷射流冲击并破碎岩石,通过后喷射流产生反推力辅助推进钻头前进。通过计算可知,当后向喷嘴直径在4.0mm左右,前向喷嘴直径控制在3.2mm,且后向喷嘴倾角在20°,前向倾角在30°,前后向喷嘴个数均为4个时,才能产生一定的推进力。(5)运用FLUENT软件进行速度流场模拟,通过计算与软件模拟相结合对多喷嘴钻头的结构参数进行优化设计。本文对连续油管水平段延伸的配套工具及钻头喷嘴辅助射流的结构参数进行了设计,能在一定程度上增大水平段的延伸距离。该设计方案作为一种技术创新的有效手段,对现场作业将会产生一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Continuous tubing drilling (Coiled Tubing Drilling - CTD) technology is a very popular new drilling technology in the late twentieth Century in the international petroleum industry. This technology uses continuous tubing to replace conventional drilling rod, and is combined with underground power equipment to carry out drilling and extension. The outstanding advantage of using CTD is that drilling does not need to be used. It can realize the continuous circulation of drilling fluid, improve the drilling speed and the safety of the operation, reduce the drilling time and shorten the drilling cycle. In particular, the redevelopment of the old well (old well deepened, window side drilling) can not only save the cost of drilling, but also find that mining new oil and gas reserves is helpful to the old. At the same time, the CTD technology is convenient to carry out small hole, underbalanced drilling, negative pressure drilling for low pressure leakage and loss formation, and reduce drilling risk. For water sensitive sloughing strata, CTD can use nitrogen drilling, oil based drilling fluid drilling and other methods, for coalbed gas and shale. The development of gas and other special gas reservoirs provides safe and reliable drilling technology. At present, many oil fields in the world have entered the late period of development. In particular, most of the mainland oil fields in China have entered a high water cut period, and the output has fallen sharply. In addition, the oil and gas reservoirs and special oil and gas are also restricted by the drilling technology and equipment, and a considerable portion of low permeability oil and gas reservoirs and special oil and gas. The reservoir has not been fully developed, and CTD technology is undoubtedly a better way to solve this kind of problem. The article combines the national science and technology major project 36< CBM drilling engineering technology and equipment development (two phase), the subject 6 "continuous tubing equipment and application technology", in view of continuous tubing bottom extension process research. It is clear that the research results can be used to guide the downhole extension test of the continuous tubing in the field, and the Research Report of the continuous tubing bottom extension process adapted to our country has been preliminarily formed. This paper mainly studies the following aspects: (1) this paper summarizes the equipment and tools needed for the bottom extension of the continuous tubing and the important tools in the downhole. The technical parameters are described in detail, the process flow is introduced, and the bottom hole assembly (BHA) for bottom hole extension is recommended. (2) the formula of critical bending axial load of continuous tubing is derived by energy conservation and differential equation method, and the critical axial pressure of the continuous tubing in sine buckling is obtained. For 25.1KN. (3), a multi nozzle jet assisted drilling model for continuous tubing drilling was established. The construction parameters of a small size bit (118) were given. The key parameters were defined and solved. (4) the jet flow before the multi nozzle jet assisted drilling was impacted by the jet flow and broken the rock, and the jet stream generated the reverse thrust to advance the bit forward. The calculation shows that when the diameter of the back nozzle is around 4.0mm, the diameter of the forward nozzle is controlled at 3.2mm, and the angle of the nozzle is 20 degrees, the forward angle is 30 degrees and the number of the front and back to the nozzle is 4. (5) the speed flow field is simulated with the FLUENT software, and the multi nozzle bit is combined with the calculation and software simulation. The structure parameters of the structure are optimized. In this paper, the supporting tools of the horizontal section of the continuous tubing and the structure parameters of the auxiliary jets of the bit nozzle are designed, and the extension distance of the horizontal section can be increased to a certain extent. As an effective means of technological innovation, this design will have some guiding significance for the field operation.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE242

【相似文献】