挥发性有机物VOCs排放源谱和控制技术评价及臭氧污染防治策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 10:35

本文选题：臭氧 + 挥发性有机化合物　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,河南省面临着严峻的区域性大气复合污染,以PM2.5与臭氧(O_3)为主的二次污染突出,大气氧化性增强,严重影响居民健康。挥发性有机物(VOCs)做为O_3形成的重要前体物之一,对VOCs的研究,特别是完整系统的VOCs化学成分谱是污染物排放源清单、空气质量模式模拟以及受体模型源解析工作的基础,对了解大气污染形成机理具有重要意义,相对应的控制技术的准确定位及采纳是实际应用中控制VOCs排放的重要手段,是臭氧污染防控的基础工作。本研究选取VOCs为研究对象,通过数据挖掘和统计分析的方法,对我国目前已有的VOCs源谱研究进行整理综合,建立VOCs排放源化学成分谱数据集;针对不同污染源排放特征及适用范围,对不同技术原理及适用范围展开阐述和评价;并结合典型地区臭氧污染治理历程,对其经验进行梳理总结,提出河南目前治理O_3污染的建议。结果表明:1.河南省目前空气质量不容乐观,臭氧污染开始凸显,典型城市(郑州、洛阳和平顶山)2014-2016年连续三年夏季臭氧呈现高值,郑州、洛阳和平顶山2016年臭氧超标天数分别占全年的26.58%,27.67%,21.64%。2.针对主要VOCs排放源,道路移动源、工艺过程源、溶剂使用源、固定燃烧源、生物质燃烧源、天然源、其他排放源等,综合梳理我国目前VOCs排放源谱研究成果,可以看出烷烃、烯烃、炔烃、芳香族化合物、醛类、酮类、醚类等是目前排放较多的物种,其中乙烯、丙烯、乙炔、芳烃等是排放较多的物种,不同地区不同排放源排放结果中差异较大的组分是芳烃、甲醛、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、异丙醇等。3.在VOCs排放源化学成分谱整理的基础上,总结梳理了目前VOCs末端控制技术以及对应的适用范围,以及道路移动源、工艺过程源、溶剂使用源VOCs产污环节以及相对应的控制方法。4.从法律法规的建立、臭氧的科学研究、预报预警系统的建立、各方共同监管等方面,梳理美国、日本、以及我国台湾地区对于O_3治理的经历与经验,结合我国目前现状,针对性的提出我国尤其是河南省管控O_3的建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Henan Province is faced with severe regional air pollution, the secondary pollution, mainly PM2.5 and ozone O _ (3), is prominent, the atmospheric oxidation is enhanced, and the health of residents is seriously affected. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as one of the important precursors of the formation of O / C, are the basis of the research on VOCs, especially the complete systematic VOCs chemical composition spectra, which are the basis of pollutant emission inventory, air quality model simulation and receptor model source analysis. It is of great significance to understand the formation mechanism of atmospheric pollution. The accurate location and adoption of corresponding control technology is an important means of controlling VOCs emission in practical application and is the basic work of ozone pollution prevention and control. In this study, VOCs was selected as the research object, through the method of data mining and statistical analysis, the existing research on VOCs source spectrum in China was summarized, and the data set of chemical composition spectrum of VOCs emission source was established. According to the emission characteristics and applicable range of different pollution sources, this paper expounds and evaluates the different technical principles and applicable scope, and combs and summarizes the experience of ozone pollution control in typical areas. Some suggestions on how to control O _ 3 pollution in Henan are put forward. The result shows that 1: 1. At present, the air quality in Henan Province is not optimistic, ozone pollution is beginning to highlight, typical cities (Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Pingdingshan, 2014-2016) have a high summer ozone value for three consecutive years, Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Pingdingshan accounted for 26.58% of the total annual total of 27.6721.64.2.The days of 2016 ozone exceeded the standard in Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Pingdingshan respectively. In view of the main VOCs emission sources, road moving sources, process sources, solvent use sources, fixed combustion sources, biomass combustion sources, natural sources, other emission sources and so on, we can see that alkanes can be seen by combing the current research results of VOCs emission source spectrum in China. Olefin, alkynes, aromatic compounds, aldehydes, ketones, ethers and so on are the species that emit more, among which ethylene, propylene, acetylene, aromatics and so on are the more emission species. Aromatic hydrocarbons, formaldehyde, acetone, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, etc. Based on the analysis of chemical composition spectrum of VOCs emission source, the paper summarizes the current VOCs terminal control technology and its applicable scope, as well as the road moving source, process source, solvent source, VOCs pollution production and corresponding control methods. 4. From the establishment of laws and regulations, the scientific research of ozone, the establishment of forecasting and early warning system, the joint supervision of all parties, and so on, combing the experiences and experiences of the United States, Japan, and Taiwan on the governance of the OSP 3, and combining the current situation of our country, Pointed out that our country, especially Henan Province to control the recommendations of OSP 3.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X51

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