大型矿用提升机恒减速制动电液控制系统性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 04:41

本文选题：矿井提升机 + 恒减速制动系统　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤矿安全生产不仅关系国民经济的发展,更直接关系煤矿工人的生命安全,因此确保煤矿安全生产对国家和社会发展至关重要。我国绝大部分煤矿属于井工矿,通过矿井提升机输送人员、设备和矿石。调查显示,由提升机故障造成的煤矿事故仅次于落顶和瓦斯事故,从而确保提升机安全运行对保障煤矿安全生产至关重要。紧急制动时由于钢丝绳的柔性影响会使提升系统产生冲击和振动,随着煤矿大型化,提升机的提升深度、提升速度和提升载荷均不断增加,使得冲击和振动变得更加剧烈,这将导致钢丝绳打滑以及主轴装置等部件的机械结构受损,甚至造成钢丝绳断裂的重大事故。目前,主要通过恒减速制动系统来缓减提升机在紧急制动时产生的冲击和振动。因此对大型矿用提升机恒减速制动电液控制系统开展研究对煤矿安全生产具有重要意义。本文分析了矿用提升机制动原理,建立了钢丝绳模型,利用SimulationX仿真软件对提升机恒减速制动进行了三维联合仿真分析;对三通比例减压阀的性能进行研究,并用三通比例减压阀代替原恒减速制动系统中的电液比例方向阀,提高恒减速制动系统的可靠性。论文主要分为以下几部分:第一章,阐述了课题研究的背景及意义,通过参考相关文献和已有的研究成果,介绍了恒减速制动系统的研究现状和三通比例减压阀的研究现状,总结了钢丝绳的建模原理。第二章,阐述了提升机的构成和分类,建立了提升机制动过程的数学模型,明确了影响恒减速制动性能的因素,并分析了提升机上升与下降的制动过程。第三章,介绍了提升机恒减速制动电液控制系统制动原理,对电液比例方向阀进行了参数辨识;在SimulationX仿真软件中建立了恒减速制动系统仿真模型。第四章,对钢丝绳的建模原理进行分析,并对SimulationX仿真软件中钢丝绳模型的准确性进行分析;建立了提升机三维联合仿真模型;通过积分分离PID控制算法改善恒减速制动性能。第五章,建立了直动式三通比例减压阀的数学模型,并在仿真软件SimulationX中建立了阀的仿真模型;分析了阀的预开口量对阀性能的影响;引入阀芯速度反馈和压力闭环改善减压阀的性能,并分析了采用三通比例减压阀的恒减速制动系统的性能。第六章,对本文矿井提升机的恒减速制动电液控制系统特性研究工作进行了总结,并对工作中的不足和进一步需要的研究工作提出了展望。研究结果表明:钢丝绳柔性影响是造成提升机速度波动的重要原因;通过压力闭环改善了三通比例减压阀的控制特性,并提高了恒减速制动系统的可靠性;通过积分分离PID控制算法可以改善某一工况下的恒减速制动性能。
[Abstract]:Coal mine safety production is not only related to the development of national economy, but also directly related to the safety of coal miners. Therefore, it is very important to ensure the safety of coal mine production for national and social development. The vast majority of coal mines in China belong to well-mining, through the mine hoist to transport personnel, equipment and ore. The investigation shows that the coal mine accident caused by hoist fault is second only to the falling roof and gas accident, thus ensuring the safe operation of the hoist is very important to ensure the safety of coal mine production. During emergency braking, the impact and vibration of the lifting system will be caused by the flexible influence of the wire rope. With the large-scale coal mine, the lifting depth, the lifting speed and the lifting load of the hoist are all increasing, which makes the shock and vibration become more intense. This will cause the mechanical structure of the steel wire rope slip and the main shaft device to be damaged, and even cause the serious accident of the wire rope breaking. At present, the impact and vibration of hoist during emergency braking are mainly mitigated by constant deceleration braking system. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the electro-hydraulic control system of constant deceleration braking for large mine hoist. In this paper, the braking principle of mine hoist is analyzed, the wire rope model is established, the three-dimensional joint simulation analysis of constant deceleration braking of hoist is carried out by using SimulationX simulation software, and the performance of three-way proportional pressure reducing valve is studied. The three-way proportional pressure reducing valve is used to replace the electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve in the original constant deceleration braking system to improve the reliability of the constant deceleration braking system. The thesis is divided into the following parts: the first chapter describes the background and significance of the research, through reference to relevant literature and existing research results, introduces the research status of the constant deceleration braking system and the research status of the three-way proportional pressure reducing valve. The modeling principle of wire rope is summarized. In the second chapter, the composition and classification of hoist are expounded, the mathematical model of braking process of hoist is established, the factors influencing the braking performance of constant deceleration are defined, and the braking process of hoist rising and falling is analyzed. In the third chapter, the braking principle of the electro-hydraulic control system of hoist constant deceleration braking system is introduced, the parameter identification of electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve is carried out, and the simulation model of constant deceleration braking system is established in SimulationX simulation software. In the fourth chapter, the modeling principle of wire rope is analyzed, the accuracy of wire rope model in SimulationX simulation software is analyzed, the three-dimensional joint simulation model of hoist is established, and the braking performance of constant deceleration is improved by integral separation PID control algorithm. In the fifth chapter, the mathematical model of the direct-acting three-way proportional pressure reducing valve is established, and the simulation model of the valve is established in the simulation software SimulationX, and the effect of the pre-opening quantity of the valve on the valve performance is analyzed. The valve core speed feedback and pressure closed loop are introduced to improve the performance of the valve and the performance of the constant deceleration braking system using the three-way proportional pressure reducing valve is analyzed. In the sixth chapter, the research work of constant deceleration braking electro-hydraulic control system of mine hoist is summarized, and the shortage of the work and the further research work are prospected. The results show that the influence of wire rope flexibility is an important reason for the hoist speed fluctuation, the control characteristics of the three-way proportional pressure reducing valve are improved through the pressure close-loop, and the reliability of the constant deceleration braking system is improved. The performance of constant deceleration braking can be improved by integral separation PID control algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD534.5

【参考文献】