惰性气氛热处理在羊毛纤维及其制品显色加工上的应用

发布时间：2018-06-28 03:02

本文选题：惰性气氛 + 热处理　；参考：《武汉纺织大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：羊毛纤维作为历史悠久的天然纤维之一,由于其良好的保暖性能、柔软的手感以及独特的风格深人们的喜爱。然而由于羊毛纤维特有的鳞片结构,使得染色只能在高温沸煮的条件下进行。传统的染色方式不仅会对羊毛纤维的手感、鲜艳度及强力造成破坏,而且也会对环境造成污染、能源造成浪费。因此研究羊毛高效无水染色方法具有重要意义。目前已有不少关于羊毛新型染色的报告及成果,但许多新型技术对设备的要求过高,生产流程过于复杂,以及不能从根本上解决羊毛染色过程对环境造成的污染。而惰性气氛热处理纤维显色的研究慢慢得到人们地重视,不仅可以赋予材料新的颜色,而且不会对环境造成污染,染色方式更加高效节能。因此,使用惰性气氛热处理实现羊毛显色是较好的发展方向。本文主要研究了在氮气气氛下热诱导羊毛纤维的色谱行为及性能影响。采用K/S值和紫外-可见吸收光谱分析了热处理温度、时间与处理后纤维颜色间的规律;采用扫描电镜观察了纤维处理前后微观表面变化;采用X射线光电子能谱、红外光谱、广角X射线衍射分析了热处理对羊毛微观结构的影响。结果表明:羊毛纤维的K/S值会随着热处理温度、时间的增加而增加;热处理后的羊毛纤维表面仍保有较完整的鳞片结构;由于受到热处理的影响羊毛纤维的结构和二硫键会受到部分破坏,当经历200oC、8h的热处理,纤维结晶度降低2.64%;纤维的强力会随着热处理的温度、时间的增加而降低,当温度低于200oC时,强力保持率可以高达90%;羊毛纤维的自然回潮率会随着温度的增加经历先减小、后增加的过程。本文也研究了氮气气氛热处理对羊毛纱的显色行为及性能影响。采用K/S值和Lab值分析了热处理温度、时间与处理后纤维颜色间的规律;采用扫描电镜观察了纱线处理前后微观表面变化;采用纱线毛羽系数和数字显微镜揭示处理后纱线毛羽变化情况。结果表明:羊毛纱线的K/S值会随着热处理温度、时间的增加而增加;热处理后的羊毛纱表面仍保有较完整的鳞片结构并且线捻度没有明显变化,说明纱线的宏观和微观结构都未遭到破坏;经热处理后的羊毛纱线毛羽有所降低,在经历220oC、30min的热处理,纱线3mm及以上毛羽(S3)降低34%;经热处理后的纱线强力及耐磨性均会降低,将时间控制在20分钟以内、温度低于220oC时,纱线的断裂强力仍能保持原样的82%;处理后的纱线自然回潮率会随着温度和时间的增加而降低。同时本文通过研究不同惰性气氛(氮气、氩气)热处理在羊毛织物显色整理上的应用及性能影响。采用K/S值分析了热处理温度、时间与处理后纤维颜色间的规律;采用抗弯刚度、折皱回复角、接触角及拉伸断裂强力测试,分析了织物处理前后机械性能变化;采用耐皂洗色牢度与耐光照色牢度,对比了与传统酸性染料间的差异性。结果表明:在氮气或氩气气氛热处理的羊毛织物的K/S值会随着热处理温度、时间的增加而增加,并且相同条件下氩气下的试样K/S小于氮气下的;织物的抗弯刚度和折皱回复性能均有所提高,并且与热处理温度和时间成正相关,在相同条件下氩气下的试样抗弯刚度较小而折皱回复角较大;处理后的羊毛织物接触角会随着温度的增加经历先减小后增加的变化;羊毛织物的强力会随着气氛热处理温度及时间的增加而降低,并且在氮气或者氩气作为保护气氛热处理温度低于2000C时处理后的羊毛织物强力均高于80%;由氮气气氛热处理显色的羊毛织物与传统染料嫩黄2g染色的羊毛织物,其在耐皂洗和耐光照方面性能更佳。
[Abstract]:As one of the long history natural fibers, wool fiber is deeply loved by people because of its good warmth retention, soft feel and unique style. However, the special scale structure of wool fiber makes the dyeing only under the condition of boiling at high temperature. Degree and strength cause damage, and it will cause pollution to the environment and waste of energy. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the efficient method of dyeing wool with high efficiency and anhydrous dyeing. There are many reports and results about new wool dyeing, but many new technologies have too high requirements on equipment, the production process is too complex and can not be fundamentally solved. The environmental pollution caused by the dyeing process of wool is determined, and the research on the color rendering of the inert atmosphere heat treatment fiber is gradually paid attention to. It can not only give the material a new color, but also do not pollute the environment, and the dyeing method is more efficient and energy saving. Therefore, it is a good direction to use the heat treatment of the inert atmosphere to realize the color of the wool. The effect of heat induced wool fiber in nitrogen atmosphere was studied in this paper. The K/S value and UV visible absorption spectrum were used to analyze the heat treatment temperature and time and the law of fiber color after treatment. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the micro surface changes before and after the treatment of fiber; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy were used. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of wool was analyzed by the wide angle X ray diffraction. The results showed that the K/S value of wool fiber increased with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time; the surface of wool fiber after heat treatment still retained a more complete scale structure; the structure of wool fiber and the two sulfur bond were affected by the effect of heat treatment. Partial destruction, when the heat treatment of 200oC, 8h, the fiber crystallinity decreased by 2.64%, the fiber strength will decrease with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time. When the temperature is lower than 200oC, the strength retention rate can be as high as 90%; the natural return rate of wool fiber will decrease first and then increase with the increase of temperature. This paper also studies the process. The effect of nitrogen atmosphere heat treatment on color behavior and performance of wool yarn was studied. The K/S value and Lab value were used to analyze the heat treatment temperature, time and fiber color after treatment. The micro surface changes before and after the yarn treatment were observed by scanning electron microscope. Yarn hairiness coefficient and digital microscope were used to reveal the change of yarn hairiness after treatment. The results show that the K/S value of wool yarn will increase with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time; the surface of wool yarn after heat treatment still maintains a more complete scale structure and the line twist does not change obviously, indicating that the yarn's macro and micro structure have not been destroyed; the wool yarn hairiness after heat treatment has been reduced to 2. 20oC, 30min heat treatment, yarn 3mm and above Mao Yu (S3) reduced 34%; after heat treatment, the yarn strength and wear resistance will be reduced, the time is controlled within 20 minutes, when the temperature is lower than 220oC, the breaking strength of the yarn can remain 82% of the original sample; the self remoisture rate of the treated yarn will decrease with the increase of temperature and time. In this paper, the effect of different inert atmosphere (nitrogen, argon) heat treatment on color finishing of wool fabric was studied. The law of heat treatment temperature, time and fiber color after treatment were analyzed by K/S value, and the bending stiffness, wrinkle recovery angle, contact angle and tensile strength test were used to analyze the machine before and after the treatment of fabric. The difference between the color fastness of the soaping color and the light color fastness was compared with the traditional acid dyes. The results showed that the K/S value of the wool fabric in the nitrogen or argon atmosphere increased with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time, and the sample under the same bar under argon gas was less than the nitrogen; the fabric was less than the nitrogen. The bending stiffness and wrinkle recovery performance are improved, and it is positively related to the heat treatment temperature and time. Under the same condition, the bending stiffness of the specimen under the same condition is smaller and the wrinkle recovery angle is larger. The contact angle of the wool fabric after treatment will decrease first and then increase with the increase of temperature; the strength of wool fabric will be with the gas. The heat treatment temperature and time decreased, and the wool fabric treated with nitrogen or argon as the protective atmosphere was less than 80% when the heat treatment temperature was lower than 2000C; the wool fabric which was coloured by the nitrogen atmosphere heat treatment and the traditional dyestuff 2G dyed wool fabric had better performance in soaping and light resistance.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS193.8

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