导电高分子复合材料的导电网络结构调控及外场响应性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 16:57

本文选题：导电高分子复合材料 + 导电网络　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：导电高分子复合材料(CPCs)是由导电填料(如炭黑、碳纳米管、石墨烯和金属粒子等)和高分子基体复合制备而成,近年来其结构及性能研究受到了学术界和工业界的广泛关注。CPCs不仅具有优异的电学性能和可加工性,而且作为一种功能性高分子材料,其对应力、应变、气体、温度和湿度等外界刺激表现出丰富的响应行为。这些特性不仅为探索CPCs的微观结构演变提供了研究素材,还为其在敏感器件领域的应用提供了理论基础。本文中,我们通过对CPCs中导电网络的设计和调控,制备了具有不同微观结构的CPCs,探索了CPCs对外场刺激的响应行为,分析了CPCs结构调控与性能的关系。具体如下:1、还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)/热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)/聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)导电复合材料制备及其性能研究1)本文首先通过静电纺丝技术制备了具有取向结构的TPU纤维膜,随后利用超声法制备出RGO/TPU取向和非取向导电纤维网络,之后分别基于这两种导电纤维网络制备了具有“三明治”结构的RGO/TPU/PDMS导电复合材料。2)研究了基于取向纤维和非取向纤维导电网络制备的复合材料的应力-应变和应变-电阻响应行为。前者呈现出高的力学强度和响应强度,这主要是导电网络中取向纤维结点的存在和RGO在纤维上呈现出“鱼鳞片”状的结构,使得它们在动态拉伸过程中导电网络结构呈现不同的演化过程造成的。3)基于取向纤维导电网络制备出的RGO/TPU/PDMS导电复合材料具有非常大的应变范围(150%应变)、极高的灵敏度(高达593)、良好的耐用性(500次)、快的响应时间(160 ms)以及良好的耐湿度和耐高温等特点,满足了其作为柔性可穿戴应变传感器的应用需求。4)将该柔性复合材料固定在人体的不同部位,通过电信号的响应监测了人体的运动规律,展现出该材料在柔性可穿戴电子设备和智能机器等领域广泛的应用前景。2、碳纳米管(CNTs)/TPU/PDMS导电复合材料制备及其应变敏感性能的研究1)我们首先通过静电纺丝技术和超声方法制备出CNTs/TPU取向导电纤维网络,随后通过浇筑成型法制备了CNTs/TPU/PDMS导电复合材料。2)为了探索导电复合材料在拉伸过程中内部导电网络的演变过程,我们研究了CNTs/TPU/PDMS导电复合材料在不同应变和不同速率下的相对电阻变化行为。结果复合材料内部导电网络的破坏与重组的竞争使材料的响应行为出现了肩峰现象;大应变促使材料表现出大的响应度;大的拉伸速率也使材料表现出更高的响应度,这归因于在循环拉伸过程中复合材料要经受更大的应力,引起导电网络的更大破坏。3)该材料可用于人体运动的在线监测,本材料的结构及性能调控方法为制备柔性可穿戴应变传感器提供了新思路。3、CNTs/聚丙烯(PP)导电复合材料制备及其温度敏感性能的研究1)本文通过溶解破碎法和直接粉碎法制备了不同粒径的PP粒子,然后采用机械研磨-热压成型法制备了具有隔离导电网络结构的CNTs/PP复合材料,大大降低了复合材料的导电逾渗值。2)通过使用不同粒径的PP颗粒,调控了材料隔离结构的导电网络,制备出了具有可调控正温度系数(PTC)特性的CPCs,实现了PTC强度从102到106的转变。随着PP粒子粒径的增加,复合材料的逾渗值降低,呈现出负相关性。此外,本文还制备出超高PTC强度的CNTs/PP复合材料。3)这种可调控PTC效应的导电高分子复合材料对制备可调控的温度传感器提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) are made from conductive fillers (such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene and metal particles) and polymer matrix. In recent years, the structure and properties of the polymer have been widely concerned by the academic and industrial circles..CPCs not only has excellent electrical properties and machinability, but also is a functional property. Polymer materials have rich response behavior to external stimuli such as force, strain, gas, temperature and humidity. These properties not only provide research materials for the exploration of the microstructure evolution of CPCs, but also provide a theoretical basis for its application in the field of sensitive devices. In this paper, we have designed and adjusted the conductive network in CPCs. Controlled, the CPCs with different microstructure was prepared, and the response behavior of CPCs to external field stimulation was explored. The relationship between the structure regulation and performance of CPCs was analyzed. 1, the preparation and properties of the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) / thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) / poly (two methyl siloxane) conductive composites and their properties were studied in this paper by electrostatic spinning first. TPU fiber films with orientation structure were prepared by wire technology. Then RGO/TPU oriented and non oriented conductive fiber networks were prepared by ultrasonic method. Then, the RGO/TPU/PDMS conductive composite.2 with "sandwich" structure was prepared on the basis of these two kinds of conductive fiber networks. The conductive fiber and non oriented fiber conductive network were studied. The stress-strain and strain resistance response behavior of the composite materials has high mechanical strength and response strength. This is mainly the existence of the orientation fiber nodes in the conductive network and the "fish scale" like structure of RGO on the fiber, which makes the conductive network structure in the process of dynamic stretching show different performance. The.3 produced by the chemical process is based on the high strain range (150% strain), high sensitivity (up to 593), good durability (500 times), fast response time (160 ms), good humidity and high temperature resistance, which satisfy the flexibility and wearability. The application requirement of strain sensor.4) the flexible composite material is fixed in different parts of the human body and the motion law of the human body is monitored through the response of the electrical signal. The wide application prospect of the material in the fields of flexible wearable electronic equipment and intelligent machine,.2, the preparation of carbon nanoscale tube (CNTs) /TPU/PDMS conductive composite and its should be presented. The study of variable sensitivity 1) we first prepared the CNTs/TPU oriented conductive fiber network by electrospinning technology and ultrasonic method, and then the CNTs/TPU/PDMS conductive composite.2 was prepared by the pouring molding method. In order to explore the evolution process of the conductive network in the process of the conductive composite in the stretching process, we studied the CNTs/TPU/PDMS The relative resistance change behavior of the conductive composites at different strain and different rates. Results the failure of the conductive network and the competition of the recombination made the response behavior of the material acromion, the large strain prompted the material to show a large response degree, and the large tensile rate also showed a higher response to the material. This material can be used for on-line monitoring of human motion because of more stress and more damage to the conductive network in the process of cyclic stretching. The material can be used for on-line monitoring of human motion. The structure and performance control method of this material provides a new idea for the preparation of flexible wearable strain sensors, the preparation of.3, CNTs/ polypropylene (PP) conductive composites and their temperature. The study of degree sensitive performance 1) in this paper, PP particles with different particle sizes were prepared by dissolving crushing and direct pulverization. Then a CNTs/PP composite with isolated conductive network structure was prepared by mechanical grinding and hot pressing. The conductive percolation value.2 of the composite was greatly reduced by using the PP particles with different particle sizes. The conductive network of material isolating structure has prepared CPCs with the characteristic of adjustable positive temperature coefficient (PTC), realizing the transformation of PTC strength from 102 to 106. With the increase of the particle size of PP particles, the percolation value of the composite is reduced and the negative correlation is present. In addition, this paper also makes the CNTs/PP composite.3 of super high PTC strength, this controllable P The conductive polymer composites with TC effect provide a new idea for the preparation of controllable temperature sensors.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332

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