自修复超疏水表面的构筑及性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 12:55

本文选题：超疏水 + 自修复　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：超疏水表面具有优异的自清洁性、防污性、防结冰、抗腐蚀等性能而引起了人们的关注。但是,目前限制超疏水表面实际应用的一个最关键因素是涂层的耐用性不佳。赋予表面超疏水性能的自修复性是解决涂层牢度的一种有效途径。本课题基于制备超疏水表面的两个基本条件进行设计,分别通过低表面能物质的迁移以及微纳粗糙结构的重现实现表面超疏水性能的自修复。(1)利用十八胺(ODA)的微观结构组装作用构筑微纳粗糙结构,采用溶液浸渍法,将聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和ODA的共混液一步涂覆到聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纤维表面,实现超疏水PET织物的制备。采用场发射扫描电镜对织物表面形貌进行观察;采用氧等离子体刻蚀技术破坏涂层低表面能性质,用水滴接触角测量仪检测超疏水性能的自修复性和稳定性。研究表明,制备的涂层表面的超疏水性具有优异的耐酸碱、耐水洗以及耐摩擦稳定性。同时,经氧等离子体刻蚀使得表面失去超疏水性后,通过室温放置或加热等条件即可使涂层通过内部PDMS/ODA分子链段的迁移恢复到原始的超疏水状态。(2)采用硬模板法制备中空介孔SiO_2纳米颗粒(HMSNs),以聚苯乙烯(PS)为模板,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为致孔剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,水解缩合后得到PS/SiO_2核壳颗粒,再经煅烧去除PS及CTAB后获得HMSNs。将十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷负载于颗粒内部,与PDMS先后连续喷涂于玻璃基材表面,实现超疏水表面的构筑。涂层耐磨性研究表明,在连续摩擦的过程中,涂层表面的HMSNs会暴露空腔结构而形成新的粗糙结构,从而使其通过微纳粗糙结构重现结合涂层中低表面能物质的显露实现表面超疏水性能的自修复。本课题分别利用低表面能物质PDMS/ODA的迁移,以及HMSNs在摩擦过程中微纳粗糙结构重现的原理,实现了自修复超疏水表面的制备。该研究对延长超疏水表面的使用寿命,推进其在实际工业中的应用奠定了一定的理论和实验基础。
[Abstract]:Superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted much attention due to their excellent self-cleaning, anti-fouling, anti-icing and anti-corrosion properties. However, one of the key factors limiting the practical application of superhydrophobic surfaces is the poor durability of the coatings. Self-repairing of surface superhydrophobic property is an effective way to solve the coating fastness. This subject is based on two basic conditions of preparing superhydrophobic surface. The self-repair of surface superhydrophobicity is realized by the migration of low surface energy material and the reconstruction of micro-nano rough structure. (1) the micro-nano rough structure is constructed by using octadecylamine (ODA) microstructure assembly, and the solution impregnation method is used. Poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and ODA blends were coated on the surface of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber in one step to prepare superhydrophobic PET fabric. The surface morphology of the fabric was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), the low surface energy property of the coating was destroyed by oxygen plasma etching technique, and the self-repair and stability of superhydrophobic properties were tested by water drop contact angle measuring instrument. The results show that the superhydrophobicity of the coating has excellent resistance to acid and alkali, washing and friction. At the same time, after oxygen plasma etching, the surface loses its hydrophobicity. The transfer of PDMS / ODA molecular segments into the original superhydrophobic state can be restored by room temperature or heating conditions. (2) Hollow mesoporous SiOStack2 nanoparticles (HMSNs) were prepared by hard template method, and polystyrene (PS) was used as template. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as pore-forming agent and ethyl orthosilicate as silicon source. PS- / SiO-2 core-shell particles were obtained by hydrolysis and condensation. HMSNs were obtained by calcination of PS and CTAB. Dodecyl trimethoxysilane was loaded inside the particles and then continuously sprayed with PDMS on the glass substrate surface to realize the construction of superhydrophobic surface. The wear resistance of the coating shows that the HMSNs on the coating surface will expose the cavity structure and form a new rough structure during continuous friction. Thus, the self-repair of superhydrophobic properties of the coating can be realized by micro-nano rough structure reconstruction combined with the exposure of the low surface energy material of the coating. In this paper, the self-repairing superhydrophobic surface was prepared by using the migration of PDMS / ODA and the principle of micro-nano rough structure reconstruction of HMSNs during friction. This study has laid a theoretical and experimental foundation for prolonging the service life of superhydrophobic surface and promoting its application in practical industry.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O647

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