静电纺丝制备氧化石墨烯复合材料及其作为吸附材料的研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 09:59

本文选题：氧化石墨烯 + 静电纺丝　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：亚甲基蓝(MethyleneBlue,MB)是一种普遍使用的工业有机染料,广泛应用于印染、纺织等领域。亚甲基蓝具有复杂的分子结构,且带有苯环,因此难以降解并具有一定的低毒性。重金属镉(Cd)主要来源是采矿、冶炼等行业,主要应用于电镀、核工业和电子等领域。废水中镉离子可以通过食物链进入生物体内,积存于各器官内造成慢性损害,对肾脏损害最为明显,严重镉污染可能会导致骨头软化。因此,含有MB和金属镉的水体在排放到自然环境之前必须进行有效的处理。吸附法由于成本低、效率高、易操作等特点被证明是一种废水处理中非常有效的方法。碳纳米材料的出现,为水处理行业带来了新的契机,作为石墨烯的氧化衍生物,氧化石墨烯(GO)具有大的比表面积和丰富的含氧官能团,这些性质使得氧化石墨烯可以成为一种吸附性能良好的吸附剂,但由于GO易发生团聚,在吸附结束后不易回收,容易造成二次污染,所以将GO与其他材料结合,制备得到氧化石墨烯基复合材料,发挥GO优异吸附性能的同时,避免造成二次污染问题。本研究使用静电纺丝工艺将聚丙烯腈(PAN)和氧化石墨烯复合,制备得到聚丙烯腈/氧化石墨烯(PAN/GO)复合纤维薄膜,通过FESEM、HRTEM、XRD、FTIR和TGA等测试分析方法表征了 GO和PAN/GO的形貌结构及热稳定性,研究了PAN/GO复合纤维薄膜吸附MB和Cd2+的能力和原理。选取GO与PAN质量比为30%的复合纤维薄膜,PAN/GO复合纤维对MB的饱和吸附容量为132.35 mg/g,GO质量比、溶液pH值、接触时间、MB浓度以及反应温度都会对吸附容量产生一定影响;借助吸附等温线分析得出PAN/GO复合纤维对MB的吸附更符合Langmuir等温线模型;吸附动力学研究发现,PAN/GO复合纤维吸附MB的过程与Pseudo-second-order模型更接近;热力学分析得到的参数表明,PAN/GO复合纤维吸附MB的过程是自发进行的,并且是吸热过程。PAN/GO复合纤维薄膜吸附Cd2+的饱和容量为87.98 mg/g;PAN/GO复合纤维吸附Cd2+的过程更加符合Freundlich 模型。
[Abstract]:Methylene blue (MB) is a widely used industrial organic dye, widely used in printing and dyeing, textile and other fields. Methylene blue has complex molecular structure and benzene ring, so it is difficult to degrade and has low toxicity. Heavy metal cadmium (CD) mainly comes from mining, smelting and other industries, mainly used in electroplating, nuclear industry and electronics. The cadmium ions in the wastewater can enter the organism through the food chain and accumulate in various organs to cause chronic damage. The kidney damage is the most obvious. Serious cadmium pollution may lead to bone softening. Therefore, water containing MB and cadmium must be treated effectively before it is released into the natural environment. Adsorption process has been proved to be a very effective method in wastewater treatment because of its low cost, high efficiency and easy operation. The appearance of carbon nanomaterials brings a new opportunity for the water treatment industry. As an oxidation derivative of graphene, graphene oxide (go) has a large specific surface area and abundant oxygen functional groups. These properties make graphene oxide a good adsorbent, but because go is easy to reunite, it is difficult to recover after adsorption, and it is easy to cause secondary pollution, so go is combined with other materials. Graphene oxide composites were prepared to give full play to the excellent adsorption properties of go and to avoid the problem of secondary pollution. In this study, polyacrylonitrile (pan) / graphene oxide (PAN / go) composite fiber film was prepared by electrospinning process. The morphology, structure and thermal stability of go and pan / go were characterized by Fesemer HRTEMN FTIR and TGA. The ability and principle of adsorption of MB and CD2 on PAN / go composite fiber films were studied. When the mass ratio of go to pan is 30%, the saturated adsorption capacity of PAN / go composite fiber to MB is 132.35 mg / g go, the pH value of solution, the concentration of MB in contact time and the reaction temperature will affect the adsorption capacity to some extent. The adsorption of MB by PAN / go composite fiber is more consistent with Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption kinetics of PAN / go composite fiber is closer to that of Pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption kinetics of PAN / go composite fiber is more similar to that of Pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption kinetics of PAN / go composite fiber is similar to that of Pseudo-secondary order model. The thermodynamic analysis results show that the adsorption process of MB by PAN / go composite fiber is spontaneous, and the adsorption capacity of CD2 by PAN / go composite fiber film is 87.98 mg / g / go composite fiber adsorbing CD _ 2. The adsorption process of CD _ 2 by PAN / go composite fiber is more consistent with Freundlich model.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33;X703

【参考文献】