柔顺光洁纺纱方法的研究及实践

发布时间：2018-07-12 16:37

本文选题：环锭纺 + 柔顺光洁成纱　；参考：《武汉纺织大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：环锭纺是目前使用最广泛的纺纱方式,占据了主要的市场份额,但其成纱毛羽较多,严重影响了后道工序的加工生产。本文以纤维素纤维在加热条件下力学性能的变化和原有柔顺光洁成纱机理为理论基础,提出了沟槽集聚式柔洁纺和约束式柔洁纺两种解决方案并对原有装置的改造,通过纺纱实践改善了纤维素纤维柔洁纺成纱性能,并且优化了柔洁纺织物各项性能,为该技术的推广应用提供了理论支撑。在原有的柔顺光洁成纱原理基础上,提出了在成纱段添加纱线接触式沟槽,通过触式沟槽协同作用能增强对纱条外层纤维的摩擦控制,以减少成纱毛羽,使纱线结构更紧密耐磨;分析了约束式柔顺光洁成纱原理,得出了在约束杆捻阻作用下,纱条在与柔顺光洁处理面接触的过程中能获得更多的捻回数,从而减少毛羽,提高成纱品质稳定性。利用机械设计,模具成型等手段,以原有下压式柔顺光洁纺纱装置为基础,设计出了沟槽集聚式柔顺光洁纺纱及约束式柔顺光洁纺纱两种新型柔洁纺成纱装置,结构简易,安装方便,在保留原装置安装操作简易的同时,提升装置对纱线品质优化幅度。通过使用两种新型柔顺光洁纺纱装置进行纺纱实践,结果表明,两种新型柔洁纺纱方式与原纱相比,筒纱3mm毛羽减少幅度能达到50%以上,沟槽集聚式柔洁纺特别适用于减少刚度较大的纤维原料的成纱毛羽,同时,两种新型柔洁纺纱方式能提高成纱拉伸性能。探究了沟槽集聚式和约束式柔洁纺纱方式的纺纱工艺,结果表明:集聚沟槽和约束杆距离熨烫工作面越近,成纱毛羽下降率越高,沟槽深度为0.6毫米时,成纱毛羽、条干、拉伸性能达到最优状态;使用双约束杆成纱毛羽优化作用最明显,限位约束杆与熨烫工作面相对高度越大,纱线与熨烫面接触就越紧密,利于减少成纱毛羽,提高强力。对柔洁纺纱线进行针织和机织试织,并测试织物的各项性能指标,结果表明,使用新型柔洁纺织物相比环锭纺织物具有更好的抗顶破性能,柔洁纺织物的透气透湿性能更佳,由于柔洁纺纱线的成纱残余扭矩更小,其针织物纬斜也更小。
[Abstract]:Ring spinning is the most widely used spinning method at present, which occupies the main market share, but its yarn hairiness is more, which seriously affects the processing and production of the later process. Based on the change of mechanical properties of cellulose fiber under heating condition and the mechanism of smooth and smooth yarn formation, two solutions are put forward in this paper, which are groove agglomeration flexible spinning and constrained flexible clean spinning, and the revamping of the original unit. Through spinning practice, the spinning properties of cellulosic fibers were improved, and the properties of soft and clean fabrics were optimized, which provided theoretical support for the popularization and application of this technology. On the basis of the original principle of smooth and smooth yarn formation, it is put forward that adding yarn contact groove to the yarn section can enhance the friction control of yarn outer fiber through the synergistic action of touch groove, so as to reduce yarn hairiness. The yarn structure is made more tightly and wear-resistant, and the principle of constrained smooth and smooth yarn formation is analyzed. It is concluded that the yarn can obtain more twist return number in the process of contact with the smooth and smooth treatment surface under the action of twist resistance of the restrained rod, thus reducing hairiness. Improve yarn quality stability. By means of mechanical design and mould forming, two new types of soft and clean spinning devices, such as grooves agglomeration and constraint smoothing spinning, are designed on the basis of the original pressure-type smooth and smooth spinning device. The structure is simple and easy. Easy to install, easy to install while retaining the original installation, improve the range of yarn quality optimization. The results show that the 3mm hairiness decreases by more than 50% between the two new types of flexible and clean spinning methods compared with the original yarn, through the spinning practice of two new types of flexible and smooth spinning devices. The results show that the 3mm hairiness of the two new types of yarns can be reduced by more than 50% compared with the original yarn. Grooves agglomeration softness spinning is especially suitable for reducing yarn hairiness of fiber materials with high stiffness. At the same time, two new types of flexible and clean spinning methods can improve the tensile properties of yarn. The spinning process of groove-gathering and constrained flexible and clean spinning is investigated. The results show that the closer the gathered grooves and the binding rods are to the ironing face, the higher the hairiness reduction rate of the yarn is. When the groove depth is 0.6 mm, the yarn hairiness and the sliver are dry. The optimum state of tensile property is reached, and the optimum effect of yarn hairiness is most obvious by using double constraint bar. The higher the relative height of limiting bar and ironing face is, the closer the contact between yarn and ironing surface is, which is conducive to reducing yarn hairiness and increasing strength. In this paper, the knitting and weaving test of soft and clean spinning yarn were carried out, and the properties of the fabric were tested. The results showed that the new type of soft and clean textile fabric had better resistance to piercing than ring spinning fabric, and the air and moisture permeability of soft and clean textile fabric was better than that of ring spinning fabric, and the air and moisture permeability of the new type of textile fabric was better than that of ring spinning fabric. The yarn residual torque is smaller and the weft skew of knitted fabric is smaller.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS104.7

【参考文献】