天然染料的提取及对蛋白质纤维的染色研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 07:52

【摘要】：使用微波提取法对植物大黄及茜草进行提取,通过测定提取液染色后羊毛的K/S值,探究了溶剂体积分数、提取时间、温度及功率对提取效果的影响,优化了提取工艺。天然染料大黄及茜草对真丝织物进行染色,研究了染料用量及染色时间、温度、pH值对染色效果的影响,优化了染色工艺。探索了四种天然染料的拼色性能。使用无甲醛固色剂对染色后羊毛纤维进行固色处理,研究了固色处理后羊毛纤维K/S值及各项色牢度变化。利用HPLC法测定大黄提取物中蒽醌类化合物的含量。结果如下:大黄及茜草微波提取优化工艺:乙醇体积分数40%,提取时间6 min,提取温度90℃,提取功率450 W;乙醇体积分数60%,提取时间5 min,提取温度90℃,提取功率400 W。大黄及茜草对真丝织物染色优化工艺:染色时间65 min,染色温度90℃,pH=4;染色时间30 min,染色温度95℃,pH=4。四种天然染料可以相互拼混染色。固色剂1:大黄染色毛线的湿摩擦牢度能提高至4~5级;茜草染色毛线的棉沾色牢度能提高一级;冰岛衣染色毛线色牢度无太大变化;改性靛蓝染色毛线的棉沾色、毛沾色及褪色牢度均能提高一级。固色剂2:大黄染色毛线的干摩擦牢度提高一级;茜草及冰岛衣染色毛线的色牢度无太大变化;改性靛蓝染色毛线湿摩擦、毛沾色及褪色牢度均提高一级。大黄固体染料中含有大黄素1.31%,大黄酚0.86%,大黄素甲醚0.25%,芦荟大黄素0.06%,大黄酸0.02%。
[Abstract]:The microwave extraction method was used to extract the plant rhubarb and alizarin. By measuring the K / S value of wool dyed with extract solution, the effects of solvent volume fraction, extraction time, temperature and power on the extraction effect were investigated, and the extraction process was optimized. The natural dyes rhubarb and alizarin were used to dye silk fabrics. The effects of dye dosage, dyeing time, temperature and pH value on the dyeing effect were studied, and the dyeing process was optimized. The color blending properties of four kinds of natural dyes were studied. The changes of K / S value and color fastness of dyed wool fiber were studied by using formaldehyde-free fixing agent. The content of anthraquinones in rhubarb extract was determined by HPLC. The results are as follows: the optimized microwave extraction technology of rhubarb and alizarin is: ethanol volume fraction 40%, extraction time 6 min, extraction temperature 90 鈩，

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