菊芋中菊糖的制备及在阿胶产品中的应用

发布时间：2018-07-27 12:56

【摘要】：菊芋,是一种适宜在轻盐碱地上种植且极具开发潜力的生态经济型农作物,不仅能够改良盐碱地,提高盐碱地的利用率,其块茎还可制备菊糖。菊糖作为一种功能性食品配料在西方已得到广泛应用,具有促进肠道蠕动、维持脂类代谢平衡、控制血糖、促进矿物质吸收、抗氧化等生理功能,具有良好的应用前景。根据菊糖的生理功能,为了解决目前服用阿胶产品后,出现的肠胃不适、便秘,消化系统负担过重,药效不能得到充分发挥等问题,研究菊糖在阿胶产品中的应用技术。将制备的菊糖与阿胶相结合,实现两者生理功能相互协调补充,增加阿胶产品的功能性及经济价值。本论文采用压榨(滤)法制备菊糖,研究菊糖制备新技术,对制备过程中的菊芋提取液的脱盐脱色工艺进行优化,并且研究菊糖在阿胶中的应用。具体研究内容及结论如下:1、将菊芋经过清洗、打浆、浸泡、压榨(滤)提取、滤液除杂、脱盐脱色、浓缩、喷雾干燥最终获得颜色纯正的天然菊糖;研究提取温度、提取时间、液料比对制备过程的影响,在单因素实验基础上,确定三因素三水平的响应面分析方法,以提取温度、提取时间、液料比为自变量,菊糖得率为因变量,进行二次回归分析,建立多元二次响应面回归模型。最终得出菊糖提取最佳条件为:温度74.09°C,提取时间65.35 min,液料比为4 mL/g。2、对离子交换树脂进行初步筛选,从10种不同类型离子交换树脂中选出效果最好的4种,将筛选所得树脂按强碱性阴离子交换树脂、强酸性阳离子交换树脂、弱碱性阴离子交换树脂的顺序进行串联式组合,进行脱盐试验,测定电导率、盐度、透光率等实验指标,最终确定最佳树脂组合:D202强碱性阴离子交换树脂、HD-8强酸性阳离子交换树脂及D315弱碱性阴离子交换树脂。经树脂处理之后,脱色率达到99.76%,离子脱除率达到93.68%。离子交换柱处理量为4倍柱体积。3、研究菊糖在阿胶产品中的应用。以菊糖与阿胶为主要功能成份,制备阿胶-菊糖咀嚼片及饮料,通过感官评价确定阿胶、菊糖配比,通过单因素和正交实验研究产品的制备方法,通过动物实验评价菊糖-阿胶产品功能。实验得出:菊糖在阿胶产品中应用,能够有效促进肠道蠕动、降低血糖。
[Abstract]:Jerusalem artichoke is a kind of ecological and economical crop suitable for planting on light saline-alkali land with great potential for development. It can not only improve saline-alkali land and increase the utilization ratio of saline-alkali land but also produce inulin from its tuber. As a functional food ingredient, chrysanthemum has been widely used in the West. It has many physiological functions, such as promoting intestinal peristalsis, maintaining the balance of lipid metabolism, controlling blood sugar, promoting mineral absorption and antioxidant. According to the physiological function of inulin, in order to solve the problems such as gastrointestinal discomfort, constipation, excessive burden of digestive system, and insufficient exertion of drug effect, etc., the application technology of inulin in the product of gelatin was studied in order to solve the problems of gastroenteric discomfort, constipation, excessive burden of digestive system, and drug effect. By combining the prepared fructose with the gelatin, the physiological functions of the two products can be coordinated and supplemented, and the function and economic value of the gelatin products can be increased. In this paper, a new technique for preparing inulin was studied by pressing (filtering) method. The desalination and decolorization of Jerusalem artichoke extract was optimized, and the application of chrysanthemum in gelatin was studied. The specific research contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. After cleaning, beating, soaking, pressing (filtering) extraction, filtering, desalting and decolorizing, concentration, spray drying, the pure color of natural chrysanthemum is obtained. On the basis of single factor experiment, the response surface analysis method of three factors and three levels was determined. The extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of liquid to material were independent variables, the rate of inulin yield was dependent variable, and the quadratic regression analysis was carried out. A multivariate quadratic response surface regression model was established. Finally, the optimum extraction conditions of inulin were obtained as follows: temperature 74.09 掳C, extraction time 65.35 min, ratio of liquid to material 4 mL / g 路2. The best ion exchange resin was selected from 10 different types of ion exchange resins. The selected resins were combined in series according to the order of strong basic anion exchange resin, strong acid cation exchange resin and weak basic anion exchange resin. The desalination test was carried out, and the electrical conductivity, salinity, light transmittance and other experimental indexes were measured. Finally, the best resin combination, HD-8 strong acid cation exchange resin and D315 weakly basic anion exchange resin, was determined. After resin treatment, the decolorization rate reached 99.76%, and the ion removal rate reached 93.68%. The amount of ion exchange column was 4 times. 3. The application of inulin in gelatin was studied. In this paper, the eosin and eosin chewable tablets and drinks were prepared by using inulin and gelatin as the main functional components. The proportion of eosin and chrysanthemum was determined by sensory evaluation. The preparation method of the product was studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The function of chrysanthemum-gelatin was evaluated by animal experiments. The results showed that the application of inulin in gelatin could effectively promote intestinal peristalsis and decrease blood sugar.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS202.1;TS218

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