石墨相氮化碳的制备及应用
发布时间：2018-08-01 14:04
【摘要】：石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)因其广泛的来源组成,优异的电化学性能及合适的禁带宽度使其具有在电池、光催化、光降解、环保等方面的巨大潜在应用而受到越来越多的关注。g-C_3N_4含有大量的氨基和嗪环结构以及在酸性条件下表面携带正电荷,因此可以用作重金属及有机污染物的吸附剂来处理工业污染物。g-C_3N_4的层状结构与TATB层状结构相似,可对TATB晶体生长产生影响。本文以g-C_3N_4材料为研究对象,对其制备方法及在工业污染物、TATB晶体生长方面的应用进行了探索。论文的主要研究内容如下:(1)以三聚氰胺、氯化锂为原料,通过两步热聚合法制备了多孔石墨相氮化碳。借助XRD、FTIR、XPS、SEM、TEM、BET对样品的成分、形貌、内部结构、比表面积和孔体积进行表征,获得了比表面积为86.7m2/g、平均孔径为7nm、形貌为棒状的多孔石墨相氮化碳(P-g-C_3N_4)。与简单热聚合法制备的块状结构氮化碳相比,多孔氮化碳比表面积得到了很大的提升。(2)以实验所制备的块体g-C_3N_4和P-g-C_3N_4为吸附剂对Pb(Ⅱ)和亚甲基蓝(MB)进行吸附性能研究。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)和紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对吸附量进行测试。研究了多孔g-C_3N_4对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学、吸附等温线并对吸附等温线进行Langmuir和Freundlich模型拟合;研究了p H对平衡吸附量的影响,探索了其循环利用性能。同时,研究多孔g-C_3N_4和块体g-C_3N_4对亚甲基蓝的吸附动力学性能。得到了P-g-C_3N_4对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学模型,以及P-g-C_3N_4、块体g-C_3N_4对亚甲基蓝的吸附动力学参数。(3)以浓H2SO4为溶剂,用溶剂/非溶剂法制得了螺旋结构的TATB晶体,利用XRD、SEM、Raman对晶体的物相、形貌和表面成分进行表征。研究了过饱和度和结晶时间对TATB螺旋结构的形成及TATB结晶形貌的影响,探索了螺旋结构产生的机理。实验中得到的TATB晶体按照螺旋位错驱动生长模式生长,而螺旋位错的形成是由于g-C_3N_4和TATB晶格匹配度低而引起的缺陷形成的。
[Abstract]:Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C_3N_4), due to its wide range of sources, excellent electrochemical performance and suitable bandgap, has been used in battery, photocatalytic and photodegradation. Great potential applications in environmental protection have attracted more and more attention. G-C _ s _ 3N _ 4 contains a large number of amino and pyrazine ring structures and carries positive charges on the surface under acidic conditions. Therefore, it can be used as an adsorbent for heavy metals and organic pollutants to treat industrial pollutant. G-C _ 3N _ 4 has a layered structure similar to that of TATB, which has an effect on the growth of TATB crystal. In this paper, the preparation method of g-C_3N_4 and its application in the growth of industrial pollutants were studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) porous graphite phase carbon nitride was prepared by two-step thermal polymerization with melamine and lithium chloride as raw materials. The composition, morphology, internal structure, specific surface area and pore volume of the samples were characterized by XRDX FTIR FTIR, and the porous graphite phase carbon nitride (P-g-C_3N_4) was obtained with a specific surface area of 86.7 m2 / g, an average pore size of 7 nm and a rod-shaped graphite phase carbon nitride (P-g-C_3N_4). Compared with the bulk carbon nitride prepared by simple thermal polymerization, the specific surface area of porous carbon nitride was greatly improved. (2) the adsorption properties of Pb (鈪，
本文编号：2157813
[Abstract]:Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C_3N_4), due to its wide range of sources, excellent electrochemical performance and suitable bandgap, has been used in battery, photocatalytic and photodegradation. Great potential applications in environmental protection have attracted more and more attention. G-C _ s _ 3N _ 4 contains a large number of amino and pyrazine ring structures and carries positive charges on the surface under acidic conditions. Therefore, it can be used as an adsorbent for heavy metals and organic pollutants to treat industrial pollutant. G-C _ 3N _ 4 has a layered structure similar to that of TATB, which has an effect on the growth of TATB crystal. In this paper, the preparation method of g-C_3N_4 and its application in the growth of industrial pollutants were studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) porous graphite phase carbon nitride was prepared by two-step thermal polymerization with melamine and lithium chloride as raw materials. The composition, morphology, internal structure, specific surface area and pore volume of the samples were characterized by XRDX FTIR FTIR, and the porous graphite phase carbon nitride (P-g-C_3N_4) was obtained with a specific surface area of 86.7 m2 / g, an average pore size of 7 nm and a rod-shaped graphite phase carbon nitride (P-g-C_3N_4). Compared with the bulk carbon nitride prepared by simple thermal polymerization, the specific surface area of porous carbon nitride was greatly improved. (2) the adsorption properties of Pb (鈪，
本文编号：2157813
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