环氧树脂基减摩材料的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 08:12

【摘要】：环氧树脂基减摩材料具有制备工艺简单、原料来源广泛等优点,近年来在多种领域被广泛应用。选取环氧树脂E-51与固化剂T-31作为粘结剂体系,石墨、二硫化钼作为减摩相,氧化铝、二氧化硅作为增强相。首先,采用加热共辊法制备单组分环氧树脂基减摩材料,利用扫描电子显微镜观察填料在环氧树脂基体上的分布形态,并对减摩材料的摩擦磨损性能、压缩性能和邵氏硬度进行测试,得到环氧树脂基减摩材料性能随单组分填料含量变化的规律;然后,利用正交试验方法设计四组分环氧树脂基减摩材料的组分配比,并采用等效夹杂理论Mori-Tanaka法预测其弹性特征,再结合实验最终确定四组分环氧树脂基减摩材料的最优配比。分别制备石墨/环氧树脂基减摩材料和二硫化钼/环氧树脂基减摩材料,减摩相石墨、二硫化钼的含量变化均为10%、20%、30%和40%。测试结果表明两种减摩材料的摩擦磨损性能随减摩相含量升高表现出先上升后下降的趋势,且均在含量为20%时达到最佳;而压缩性能和邵氏硬度则逐渐下降。使用数码显微镜观察磨损面,并对两种减摩材料的磨损机理进行分析。结果表明二者的磨损机理相似,即减摩相含量较少时,以粘着磨损为主;随着减磨相含量逐渐上升,由粘着磨损转为疲劳磨损,最后又变成磨粒磨损。分别制备二氧化硅/环氧树脂基减摩材料和氧化铝/环氧树脂基减摩材料,增强相二氧化硅、氧化铝的含量变化均为5%、10%、15%和20%。研究结果表明,与环氧树脂相比,两种减摩材料的压缩性能均得到提高,但变化趋势略有不同。二氧化硅/环氧树脂基减摩材料的压缩性能随二氧化硅含量升高呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,当二氧化硅含量为15%时,压缩性能最优,压缩强度和压缩弹性模量分别提高19.2%、15.7%。氧化铝/环氧树脂基减摩材料的压缩性能随氧化铝含量升高呈现出上升趋势,当氧化铝含量为20%时,压缩性能最优,压缩强度和压缩弹性模量分别提高5.3%、10.2%。两种减摩材料的邵氏硬度分别随二氧化硅、氧化铝含量升高呈现出上升趋势,当二氧化硅、氧化铝含量均为20%时,邵氏硬度分别提高0.4%、1.3%。基于等效夹杂理论的Mori-Tanaka法对增强相/环氧树脂基减摩材料的弹性模量进行模拟,与实验结果对比,验证了模拟的准确性。结合减摩相/环氧树脂基减摩材料弹性模量的实验结果,求解出该实验条件下石墨、二硫化钼的弹性模量。综合考虑减摩相和增强相对减摩材料的影响,通过正交试验方法设计了 9组四组分环氧树脂基减摩材料,并对其弹性特征进行预测,选取弹性模量较高的3组进行摩擦磨损性能、邵氏硬度测试,最终确定当石墨、二硫化钼、二氧化硅、氧化铝含量分别为4%、10%、8%、5%时,减摩材料的综合性能最优。
[Abstract]:Epoxy resin based antifriction materials have been widely used in many fields in recent years because of its simple preparation process and wide source of raw materials. Epoxy resin E-51 and curing agent T-31 were selected as binder, graphite, molybdenum disulfide as antifriction phase, alumina and silica as reinforcing phase. Firstly, one-component epoxy resin based antifriction materials were prepared by heating co-roll method. The distribution of fillers on epoxy resin matrix was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the friction and wear properties of friction reducing materials were also studied. The compressive properties and Shao's hardness were tested, and the properties of epoxy resin based antifriction materials varied with the content of one-component fillers. Then, the composition and distribution ratio of four components of epoxy resin based antifriction materials was designed by orthogonal test. The elastic characteristics were predicted by the equivalent inclusion theory Mori-Tanaka method and the optimum proportion of the four components epoxy resin based antifriction materials was finally determined by the experiments. Graphite / epoxy based antifriction materials and molybdenum disulfide / epoxy based antifriction materials were prepared respectively. The content of graphite and molybdenum disulfide in antifriction phase varied from 10% to 20% and from 40% to 40% respectively. The results show that the friction and wear properties of the two friction-reducing materials increase first and then decrease with the increase of the friction-reducing phase content, and both reach the best value when the content is 20, while the compressive properties and Shao's hardness decrease gradually. The wear surface was observed by digital microscope, and the wear mechanism of two friction reducing materials was analyzed. The results show that the wear mechanism is similar, that is, the adhesion wear is dominant when the content of antifriction phase is low, and the wear is changed from adhesive wear to fatigue wear, and finally to abrasive wear with the increase of wear reducing phase content. Silica / epoxy based antifriction materials and alumina / epoxy based antifriction materials were prepared respectively. The results show that compared with epoxy resin, the compression properties of the two kinds of antifriction materials are improved, but the variation trend is slightly different. The compressive properties of silica / epoxy based friction reducing materials increased first and then decreased with the increase of silica content. When the content of silica was 15, the compressive properties were the best, and the compression strength and modulus of compression were increased by 19.2 / 15.7, respectively. The compressive properties of alumina / epoxy based antifriction materials show an upward trend with the increase of alumina content. When the content of alumina is 20, the compressive properties are the best, and the compression strength and compression elastic modulus are increased by 5.3% and 10.2%, respectively. Shao's hardness of the two antifriction materials showed an upward trend with the increase of Sio _ 2 and Al _ 2O _ 3.When the content of Sio _ 2 and Al _ 2O _ 3 were both 20, Shao's hardness increased by 0.4% and 1.3% respectively. The Mori-Tanaka method based on the equivalent inclusion theory is used to simulate the elastic modulus of reinforced / epoxy resin based antifriction materials. The simulation results are compared with the experimental results and the accuracy of the simulation is verified. The elastic modulus of graphite and molybdenum disulfide under the experimental conditions was calculated by combining the experimental results of friction reducing phase / epoxy resin based antifriction material. Considering the effect of friction reduction phase and reinforcement on friction reducing materials, nine groups of four groups of epoxy resin based antifriction materials were designed by orthogonal test, and their elastic characteristics were predicted. The friction and wear properties of the three groups with high elastic modulus were tested, and the comprehensive properties of the antifriction materials were determined to be the best when the contents of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, silicon dioxide and alumina were 410% and 5% respectively.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB39

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