河南省典型城市高时空分辨率机动车污染物排放清单及特征识别

发布时间：2018-10-26 12:10

【摘要】：近年来,由于河南省机动车保有量和活动水平的逐渐增大,机动车已经成为大气污染最重要的污染源之一,加快大气复合型污染的形成。开展河南省机动车污染控制研究,探讨机动车污染物排放特征和时空分布规律,合理制定机动车污染控制措施并对其进行评估,已经成为改善大气环境质量的必经之路。本论文探讨了河南省机动车污染排放特征和控制策略,完善了河南省机动车污染排放及控制评估体系,该体系主要包括机动车污染物排放清单、时空分布规律、控制对策、减排效果评估等内容。主要结论如下:首先,完善了河南省2013年机动车污染排放清单。2013年河南省机动车CO、HC、NO_X、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和SO_2六项污染物排放分别为1081 kt、205 kt、694 kt、38 kt、43 kt和16 kt。其中,郑州市、洛阳市、商丘市和周口市等市为排放相对高的城市;汽油车(含摩托车)是河南省CO和HC的主要机动车排放源;柴油车是河南省地区NOx、PM2.5、PM10和SO_2的主要机动车排放源。其次,研究河南省典型城市机动车污染时空分布规律。典型城市郑州市、洛阳市和平顶山市呈现出一致的地理分布趋势,各种污染物排放均集中在机动车保有量大、路网密集、交通流量大的各城市中心。最后,提出了5种机动车污染控制措施,分别为:淘汰“老旧车”、限行、摩托车数量减半、电动车推广、优化公交出行,并估算了实行不同控制措施时郑州市2020年机动车污染物排放清单和减排效果。结果显示:淘汰老旧车的减排效果最为明显,各种污染物排放量较基线情景下降80%左右。限行对各种污染物也有显著的减排效果,削减量达到基线情景总排放量的30%左右。因此加强控制机动车保有量的增长和全面淘汰老旧车对污染物的减排是很有必要的。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the increase of vehicle ownership and activity level in Henan Province, motor vehicles have become one of the most important sources of air pollution, accelerating the formation of atmospheric complex pollution. It has become the only way to improve the quality of atmospheric environment to carry out the research on motor vehicle pollution control in Henan Province, to discuss the emission characteristics and space-time distribution of motor vehicle pollutants, and to rationally formulate and evaluate the vehicle pollution control measures. This paper discusses the characteristics and control strategies of motor vehicle pollution emission in Henan Province, and improves the evaluation system of vehicle pollution emission and control in Henan Province. The system mainly includes vehicle pollutant emission list, space-time distribution law, control strategy. Emission reduction effect evaluation and other content. The main conclusions are as follows: firstly, the vehicle pollution emission inventory of Henan Province in 2013 is improved. The emission of six pollutants of vehicle CO,HC,NO_X,PM_ (2.5), PM_ (10) and SO_2 in Henan Province in 2013 is 1081 kt,205 kt, respectively. 694 kt,38 kt,43 kt and 16 kt. Among them, Zhengzhou City, Luoyang City, Shangqiu City and Zhoukou City are relatively high emission cities, gasoline vehicles (including motorcycles) are the main vehicle emission sources of CO and HC in Henan Province. Diesel vehicles are the main emission sources of NOx,PM2.5,PM10 and SO_2 in Henan province. Secondly, the temporal and spatial distribution of motor vehicle pollution in typical cities of Henan Province is studied. The typical cities of Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Pingdingshan have the same geographical distribution trend. The emission of various pollutants is concentrated in the urban centers with large vehicle ownership, dense road network and large traffic flow. Finally, five kinds of motor vehicle pollution control measures are put forward. They are: eliminating "old cars", restricting traffic, halving the number of motorcycles, popularizing electric vehicles and optimizing public transportation. The emission inventory and emission reduction effect of vehicle pollutants in Zhengzhou in 2020 were estimated when different control measures were carried out. The results showed that the emission reduction of old vehicles was the most obvious, and the emission of pollutants decreased by about 80% compared with the baseline scenario. The limit also has significant emission reduction effect on all kinds of pollutants, and the reduction is about 30% of the total emission of the baseline scenario. Therefore, it is necessary to control the increase of vehicle ownership and eliminate the emission reduction of old vehicles.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X734.2

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