稠油掺稀均质化流场模拟及混合元件改进
发布时间：2018-12-15 07:13
【摘要】：稠油掺稀是稠油输送的常用工艺之一,但稠油和稀油仅依靠它们的管流扰动作用难以使稀油的分散和溶解作用充分发挥,也就很难实现稠油与稀油的均匀混合,从而造成稀油资源的极大浪费。目前,稠稀油混合均匀性的研究主要集中在稠油井筒掺稀举升与稠油-稀油的大罐搅拌混合,而有关稠油掺稀管道输送的混合状态研究则鲜有报道。为此,围绕管输稠油掺稀均质化问题,系统研究稠油掺稀输送管道加装静态混合器前后的稀稠油流场分布与管流特性,探索稠油掺稀均质化的有效途径,这对稠油掺稀降黏减阻输送与稀油资源节约具有现实意义。以普通稠油PC、稀油X1与X2为研究对象,测试分析了稠油PC的流变特性及黏温特性,评价了稀油X1和X2对稠油PC的降黏效果,观测了稠油PC与稀油X1的模拟油PCm及X1m的自发扩散混合过程;基于计算流体动力学理论,建立稠油掺稀混合输送三维几何模型,运用ICEM进行网格划分,选用Mixture多相流模型,模拟计算稠油PC分别掺稀油X1和X2在自然流动状态下(管内未加装静态混合元件)的稀稠油流场瞬态变化过程,分析掺稀比、油品进口速度、稠油黏度和掺稀管道内径对稀稠油混合效果的影响;同时模拟计算加装SK和SX混合元件对稀稠油流场瞬态变化的影响,评价SK和SX混合元件的作用效果,并针对效果较好的混合元件深入研究其混合效果的主要影响因素;搭建稠油掺稀混合的可视化实验管路系统,模拟研究加装SK型静态混合元件前后的稀稠油混合状态,对比分析稠油掺稀混合的数值模拟与实验观测结果的一致性,并对其提出波浪形混合元件的改进思路,数值模拟与分析波浪形混合元件及其旋转角对混合效果的改善。研究结果表明:普通稠油PC掺稀油X1的降黏效果优于掺稀油X2;掺稀自然流动时,管道内混合油品呈现"稀油-混合油-稠油"分层流动现象,由于稀油X2密度较小,其在管道内呈现的分层形态略偏心;随着掺稀比的增大,流体达到稳定流动状态的时间越短,稀油所占管道空间体积越大,流体分层现象仍然明显,改变油品进口速度和掺稀管道内径大小对改善稀稠油在管道内的混合效果影响不大,稀稠油黏度差越小,稀稠油的混合状态越好,但仍不能完全改善稀稠油分层现象;加装SK元件能明显改善混合油品分层现象,且混合效果优于SX元件;随着SK元件数增加,稠油、稀油混合越均匀,但能耗也随之增大,加装3组SK元件时混合最优,SK元件长径比越小,湍动作用越强,稀稠油越能均匀混合,但能耗也越大,最优长径比为1:1.25;改进SK元件形成波浪形元件,增强了流体的扰动作用,提升了流体的混合效率,调整波浪形元件旋转角为270°能增强流体的湍动作用,提高流体的混合均匀性。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil blending with dilute oil is one of the common processes for heavy oil transportation, but heavy oil and dilute oil can hardly be dispersed and dissolved by their tubing disturbance, so it is difficult to realize the uniform mixing of heavy oil and dilute oil. Thus causing a great waste of thin oil resources. At present, the study of mixing uniformity of thick and thin oil is mainly focused on the mixing of heavy oil wellbore mixing with dilute lift and heavy oil-dilute oil mixing in large tanks, while the study on mixing state of heavy oil mixed with dilute pipeline transportation is seldom reported. Therefore, the flow field distribution and pipe flow characteristics of heavy oil mixed with dilute homogenization in heavy oil pipeline before and after the installation of static mixer are systematically studied, and the effective ways of heavy oil blending homogenization are explored. This is of practical significance to heavy oil blending with dilute viscosity reduction and drag reduction transportation and the conservation of dilute oil resources. The rheological properties and viscosity temperature characteristics of heavy oil PC were tested and analyzed by taking X1 and X2 of ordinary heavy oil PC, thin oil as the research object. The viscosity reduction effect of X1 and X2 oil on heavy oil PC was evaluated. The spontaneous diffusion mixing process of heavy oil PC and dilute oil X1, simulated oil PCm and X1m, was observed. Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the 3D geometry model of viscous oil mixed transportation is established, and the mesh is divided by ICEM, and the Mixture multiphase flow model is selected. The transient process of viscous heavy oil flow field in natural flow state (without static mixing element) of heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 and X2 is simulated, and the dilute ratio and oil inlet velocity are analyzed. The influence of viscosity of heavy oil and inner diameter of dilute pipeline on mixing effect of dilute heavy oil; At the same time, the influence of adding SK and SX mixed elements on transient change of dilute heavy oil flow field is simulated, and the effect of SK and SX mixing elements is evaluated, and the main influencing factors of mixing effect of SK and SX mixing elements are studied deeply. A visual experimental pipeline system for heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was set up to simulate and study the mixing state of heavy oil before and after the installation of SK static mixing element, and the consistency between numerical simulation and experimental observation results of heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was compared and analyzed. The improved thinking of wave mixing element is put forward, and the numerical simulation and analysis of wave mixing element and its rotation angle are presented to improve the mixing effect. The results show that the viscosity reduction effect of ordinary heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 is better than that of dilute oil X2. When mixed oil is mixed with dilute natural flow, there is a stratified flow phenomenon of "dilute oil-mixed oil-heavy oil" in pipeline. Due to the low density of dilute oil X2, the stratification appearance in pipeline is slightly eccentric. With the increase of dilute ratio, the shorter the time of fluid reaching stable flow state, the larger the volume of space occupied by dilute oil, and the obvious phenomenon of fluid stratification. Changing the inlet speed of oil and the inner diameter of dilute pipeline has little effect on improving the mixing effect of dilute heavy oil in pipeline. The smaller the viscosity of dilute heavy oil is, the better the mixing state of dilute heavy oil is, but it can not completely improve the stratification phenomenon of dilute heavy oil. Adding SK element can obviously improve the stratification phenomenon of mixed oil, and the mixing effect is better than that of SX element. With the increase of the number of SK components, the mixture of heavy oil and thin oil is more uniform, but the energy consumption is also increased. When three groups of SK elements are added, the mixing is optimal. The smaller the ratio of length to diameter of SK element, the stronger the turbulent action, the more uniform mixing of the dilute heavy oil, but the greater the energy consumption. The optimum ratio of length to diameter is 1: 1.25; By improving the SK element to form the wave element, the disturbance of the fluid is enhanced, and the mixing efficiency of the fluid is improved. The turbulent motion of the fluid can be enhanced by adjusting the rotation angle of the wave element to 270 掳, and the mixing uniformity of the fluid can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE83
本文编号：2380221
[Abstract]:Heavy oil blending with dilute oil is one of the common processes for heavy oil transportation, but heavy oil and dilute oil can hardly be dispersed and dissolved by their tubing disturbance, so it is difficult to realize the uniform mixing of heavy oil and dilute oil. Thus causing a great waste of thin oil resources. At present, the study of mixing uniformity of thick and thin oil is mainly focused on the mixing of heavy oil wellbore mixing with dilute lift and heavy oil-dilute oil mixing in large tanks, while the study on mixing state of heavy oil mixed with dilute pipeline transportation is seldom reported. Therefore, the flow field distribution and pipe flow characteristics of heavy oil mixed with dilute homogenization in heavy oil pipeline before and after the installation of static mixer are systematically studied, and the effective ways of heavy oil blending homogenization are explored. This is of practical significance to heavy oil blending with dilute viscosity reduction and drag reduction transportation and the conservation of dilute oil resources. The rheological properties and viscosity temperature characteristics of heavy oil PC were tested and analyzed by taking X1 and X2 of ordinary heavy oil PC, thin oil as the research object. The viscosity reduction effect of X1 and X2 oil on heavy oil PC was evaluated. The spontaneous diffusion mixing process of heavy oil PC and dilute oil X1, simulated oil PCm and X1m, was observed. Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the 3D geometry model of viscous oil mixed transportation is established, and the mesh is divided by ICEM, and the Mixture multiphase flow model is selected. The transient process of viscous heavy oil flow field in natural flow state (without static mixing element) of heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 and X2 is simulated, and the dilute ratio and oil inlet velocity are analyzed. The influence of viscosity of heavy oil and inner diameter of dilute pipeline on mixing effect of dilute heavy oil; At the same time, the influence of adding SK and SX mixed elements on transient change of dilute heavy oil flow field is simulated, and the effect of SK and SX mixing elements is evaluated, and the main influencing factors of mixing effect of SK and SX mixing elements are studied deeply. A visual experimental pipeline system for heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was set up to simulate and study the mixing state of heavy oil before and after the installation of SK static mixing element, and the consistency between numerical simulation and experimental observation results of heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was compared and analyzed. The improved thinking of wave mixing element is put forward, and the numerical simulation and analysis of wave mixing element and its rotation angle are presented to improve the mixing effect. The results show that the viscosity reduction effect of ordinary heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 is better than that of dilute oil X2. When mixed oil is mixed with dilute natural flow, there is a stratified flow phenomenon of "dilute oil-mixed oil-heavy oil" in pipeline. Due to the low density of dilute oil X2, the stratification appearance in pipeline is slightly eccentric. With the increase of dilute ratio, the shorter the time of fluid reaching stable flow state, the larger the volume of space occupied by dilute oil, and the obvious phenomenon of fluid stratification. Changing the inlet speed of oil and the inner diameter of dilute pipeline has little effect on improving the mixing effect of dilute heavy oil in pipeline. The smaller the viscosity of dilute heavy oil is, the better the mixing state of dilute heavy oil is, but it can not completely improve the stratification phenomenon of dilute heavy oil. Adding SK element can obviously improve the stratification phenomenon of mixed oil, and the mixing effect is better than that of SX element. With the increase of the number of SK components, the mixture of heavy oil and thin oil is more uniform, but the energy consumption is also increased. When three groups of SK elements are added, the mixing is optimal. The smaller the ratio of length to diameter of SK element, the stronger the turbulent action, the more uniform mixing of the dilute heavy oil, but the greater the energy consumption. The optimum ratio of length to diameter is 1: 1.25; By improving the SK element to form the wave element, the disturbance of the fluid is enhanced, and the mixing efficiency of the fluid is improved. The turbulent motion of the fluid can be enhanced by adjusting the rotation angle of the wave element to 270 掳, and the mixing uniformity of the fluid can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE83
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