水力振荡器工作仿真与实验研究
发布时间：2018-12-28 08:59
【摘要】：石油素有"世界经济的血液"之称,在我国的工业及经济发展中历来有着举足轻重的作用,是我国国民经济的重要支柱。然而,随着石油价格的不断下滑,油气开采难度却不断加大,多数井眼为大位移井和水平井,开发成本加大。然而在大位移井和水平井的钻进过程中,随着井深的增加,水平段和大位移段的增加,井下摩阻大,钻压传递困难,作业效率低等问题凸显出来。因此滑动钻进过程的摩阻释放问题已经成为制约现代钻井快速安全钻井的技术瓶颈,摩阻释放问题已成为石油钻井领域重要的基础科学理论课题。为解决这些问题,国内外研究了很多相关技术,比如井眼轨迹优化、钻井液润滑、优化管柱和专用的降摩减扭工具等方面开展了研究。文章分析了相关技术的特点,并详细介绍了降摩减扭工具,分析了不同工具的工作原理与特点。本文在调研了国内外降摩减扭工具的基础上,设计了一款水力振荡器,通过水力振荡器的轴向振荡,可实现将井下管柱与井壁之间的静摩擦变为动摩擦,从而减小摩擦阻力,从而提高钻井速度缩短钻井周期。本文针对设计的水力振荡器开展了工作仿真研究,主要完成水力振荡器工作仿真、开发水力振荡器仿真软件、对水力振荡器进行模态分析并开展水力振荡器实验研究。具体内容如下:根据国内外文献调研,分析国内外相关技术特点,根据实际情况确定水力振荡器结构。完成水力振荡器整体结构设计,完成水力振荡器三维模型的建立。根据设计的水力振荡器完成工作仿真分析,完成其压力波动和轴向力模型开展理论研究。分析了水力振荡器过流面积变化规律、压力变化规律和轴向冲击力变化规律,为水力振荡器的理论研究提供基础。利用MATLAB软件和C#软件完成了水力振荡器仿真软件开发,软件可以通过输入不同的结构参数、材料参数和工作参数完成水力振荡器规律研究,并完成了水力振荡器性能影响研究,分别分析了动定阀孔尺寸、流量和入口压力对水力振荡器性能的影响,为水力振荡器的结构化设计和结构优化提供理论基础。完成了水力振荡器的模态分析,分别分析了水力振荡器的自由模态和约束模态下的前十阶模态频率,分析得到水力振荡器的工作频率范围不在其范围内,避免发生共振,有效保障了工具使用寿命。分别完成了水力振荡器的实验研究,分别对水力振荡器进行了压力测试和冲击力测试。分别介绍了实验基本原理、实验仪器、实验软件和实验步骤,对实验数据进行了分析,并对比理论仿真结果,验证了理论模型的正确性。
[Abstract]:Petroleum, known as "the blood of the world economy", has always played a pivotal role in China's industrial and economic development, and is an important pillar of our national economy. However, with the decline of oil prices, the difficulty of oil and gas production is increasing, most of the boreholes are long reach wells and horizontal wells, and the development cost is increasing. However, in the drilling process of extended reach wells and horizontal wells, with the increase of well depth, horizontal section and large displacement section, the friction in the well is large, the transmission of drilling pressure is difficult, and the operation efficiency is low. Therefore, the problem of friction release in the process of sliding drilling has become a technical bottleneck restricting the rapid and safe drilling of modern drilling, and the issue of friction release has become an important basic scientific and theoretical subject in the field of oil drilling. In order to solve these problems, many related techniques have been studied at home and abroad, such as hole trajectory optimization, drilling fluid lubrication, optimization of pipe string and special friction and torsion reducing tools. This paper analyzes the characteristics of related technologies, and introduces the friction and torsion reducing tools in detail, and analyzes the working principles and characteristics of different tools. Based on the investigation of friction and torsion reducing tools at home and abroad, a hydraulic oscillator is designed in this paper. Through the axial oscillation of the hydraulic oscillator, the static friction between the downhole string and the shaft wall can be changed into dynamic friction, thus reducing the friction resistance. Thus the drilling speed is improved and the drilling cycle is shortened. In this paper, the work simulation of the designed hydraulic oscillator is carried out, which mainly completes the simulation of the hydraulic oscillator, develops the simulation software of the hydraulic oscillator, carries out the modal analysis of the hydraulic oscillator and carries out the experimental study of the hydraulic oscillator. The main contents are as follows: according to the domestic and foreign literature investigation and analysis of the relevant technical characteristics at home and abroad, according to the actual situation to determine the structure of the hydraulic oscillator. The whole structure design of the hydraulic oscillator and the establishment of the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic oscillator are completed. According to the simulation analysis of the designed hydraulic oscillator, the theoretical research on the pressure fluctuation and axial force model is carried out. The variation law of hydraulic oscillator overcurrent area, pressure change and axial impact force are analyzed, which provides a basis for the theoretical study of hydraulic oscillator. The simulation software of hydraulic oscillator is developed by using MATLAB software and C # software. The software can study the law of hydraulic oscillator by inputting different structure parameters, material parameters and working parameters. The effects of the hole size, flow rate and inlet pressure on the performance of the hydraulic oscillator are analyzed respectively, which provides a theoretical basis for the structural design and structural optimization of the hydraulic oscillator. The modal analysis of the hydraulic oscillator is completed, and the first ten modal frequencies of the hydraulic oscillator under the free mode and the constrained mode are analyzed respectively. The analysis shows that the operating frequency range of the hydraulic oscillator is not within its range and the resonance is avoided. The utility model effectively guarantees the service life of the tool. The experimental study of the hydraulic oscillator was completed, and the pressure and impact force of the hydraulic oscillator were tested. The basic principle of the experiment, the experimental instrument, the experimental software and the experimental steps are introduced respectively. The experimental data are analyzed, and the theoretical simulation results are compared to verify the correctness of the theoretical model.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE927
本文编号：2393764
[Abstract]:Petroleum, known as "the blood of the world economy", has always played a pivotal role in China's industrial and economic development, and is an important pillar of our national economy. However, with the decline of oil prices, the difficulty of oil and gas production is increasing, most of the boreholes are long reach wells and horizontal wells, and the development cost is increasing. However, in the drilling process of extended reach wells and horizontal wells, with the increase of well depth, horizontal section and large displacement section, the friction in the well is large, the transmission of drilling pressure is difficult, and the operation efficiency is low. Therefore, the problem of friction release in the process of sliding drilling has become a technical bottleneck restricting the rapid and safe drilling of modern drilling, and the issue of friction release has become an important basic scientific and theoretical subject in the field of oil drilling. In order to solve these problems, many related techniques have been studied at home and abroad, such as hole trajectory optimization, drilling fluid lubrication, optimization of pipe string and special friction and torsion reducing tools. This paper analyzes the characteristics of related technologies, and introduces the friction and torsion reducing tools in detail, and analyzes the working principles and characteristics of different tools. Based on the investigation of friction and torsion reducing tools at home and abroad, a hydraulic oscillator is designed in this paper. Through the axial oscillation of the hydraulic oscillator, the static friction between the downhole string and the shaft wall can be changed into dynamic friction, thus reducing the friction resistance. Thus the drilling speed is improved and the drilling cycle is shortened. In this paper, the work simulation of the designed hydraulic oscillator is carried out, which mainly completes the simulation of the hydraulic oscillator, develops the simulation software of the hydraulic oscillator, carries out the modal analysis of the hydraulic oscillator and carries out the experimental study of the hydraulic oscillator. The main contents are as follows: according to the domestic and foreign literature investigation and analysis of the relevant technical characteristics at home and abroad, according to the actual situation to determine the structure of the hydraulic oscillator. The whole structure design of the hydraulic oscillator and the establishment of the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic oscillator are completed. According to the simulation analysis of the designed hydraulic oscillator, the theoretical research on the pressure fluctuation and axial force model is carried out. The variation law of hydraulic oscillator overcurrent area, pressure change and axial impact force are analyzed, which provides a basis for the theoretical study of hydraulic oscillator. The simulation software of hydraulic oscillator is developed by using MATLAB software and C # software. The software can study the law of hydraulic oscillator by inputting different structure parameters, material parameters and working parameters. The effects of the hole size, flow rate and inlet pressure on the performance of the hydraulic oscillator are analyzed respectively, which provides a theoretical basis for the structural design and structural optimization of the hydraulic oscillator. The modal analysis of the hydraulic oscillator is completed, and the first ten modal frequencies of the hydraulic oscillator under the free mode and the constrained mode are analyzed respectively. The analysis shows that the operating frequency range of the hydraulic oscillator is not within its range and the resonance is avoided. The utility model effectively guarantees the service life of the tool. The experimental study of the hydraulic oscillator was completed, and the pressure and impact force of the hydraulic oscillator were tested. The basic principle of the experiment, the experimental instrument, the experimental software and the experimental steps are introduced respectively. The experimental data are analyzed, and the theoretical simulation results are compared to verify the correctness of the theoretical model.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE927
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