含γ-聚谷氨酸新产品开发及在化妆品和种子萌发中的应用研究

发布时间：2019-05-27 14:02

【摘要】：γ-聚谷氨酸是由谷氨酸单体通过α-NH2和γ-COOH脱去一份子水后,缩合而成的一种新型生物高分子材料。已被广泛用于化妆品、农业、环境保护、医药及生物医学材料等领域。在化妆品中,γ-聚谷氨酸可作为支持材料、皮肤保湿剂,同时启到缓慢释放表皮因子的作用。其水凝胶是无色无味的,这种胶质具有一种高度聚合的三维网状结构,使其具有高达5000倍的超强吸水保湿能力,特别地,添加到化妆品中作为一种皮肤保湿剂会提升产品的保湿功效。γ-聚谷氨酸具有的高强吸水能力和缓释能力,在土壤中也可发挥同样效应,因此可作为种子萌发的促进剂,有明显的抗旱促苗效应,可以有效地提高作物的发芽率和种子活力。本实验考察了 γ-聚谷氨酸的保湿护肤特性、人体安全性及其体外抗氧化活性,并解决了 γ-聚谷氨酸引起化妆品中卡波姆粘度降低的问题,为在化妆品中使用聚谷氨酸提供了一些研究数据;并对分子量在0～2000KDa间的γ-聚谷氨酸对绿豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响进行了研究。利用皮肤水分测试仪对受试者使用γ-聚谷氨酸前后皮肤的水分含量变化进行测定;并采用皮肤斑贴试验,评价γ-聚谷氨酸的安全性。结果表明:γ-聚谷氨酸的保湿特性随着分子质量、浓度等条件的变化,存在较大的差异,其中平均分子量1200 KDa的γ-聚谷氨酸在浓度为0.1%时,保湿效果最好。涂抹此浓度此分子量的γ-聚谷氨酸2h后,皮肤水分含量的变化率为103.93±0.24;4h后,皮肤水分含量的变化率为112.23± 0.23。阳性对照将透明质酸钠(1400 KDa)作为阳性对照组,其皮肤水分含量的变化率(114.01 ±0.34)与前述结果相近。皮肤斑贴试验结果表明γ-聚谷氨酸可以涂抹于人体皮肤,是无毒、安全的。利用DPPH法测定高低两种分子量γ-聚谷氨酸的DPPH自由基清除率曲线,以IC50作为指标,并与抗氧化剂Vc磷酸酯镁和α-熊果苷进行比较,对两者抗氧化性进行评价。结果表明:140万分子量γ-聚谷氨酸清除DPPH自由基的IC50值为25.5mg/mL,略优于10万分子量γ-聚谷氨酸(IC5030.5mg/mL)。两者清除自由基的效果约为Vc磷酸酯镁(IC5013mg/mL)的一半,低于α-熊果苷(IC500.016 mg/mL)。含γ-PGA的化妆品成品中所具有的成分如谷氨酸、谷氨酸钠和氯化钠都能引起增稠剂卡波姆粘度的下降,且离子浓度越高,卡波姆粘度数值降低越快。对于10万和80万分子量γ-PGA来说,若要使化妆品体系中卡波姆粘度维持在1000 cp以上,0.2%浓度的卡波姆941可添加的γ-PGA浓度不超过0.05%。若化妆品配方中添加浓度为0.1%的γ-PGA,对于10万和80万分子量γ-PGA,体系中应添加卡波姆941的最低质量分数为0.3%和0.25%,以维持体系的粘度在1000 cp以上,可用于护肤膏及乳液的生产。采用一定浓度不同分子量的Y-聚谷氨酸对绿豆种子进行处理,研究了不同分子量的γ-聚谷氨酸对绿豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:γ-聚谷氨酸对种子发芽率的影响程度与其分子量大小相关,幼苗的重量、高度及长度等生理指标也会随之波动。与此同时,加入Y-聚谷氨酸将会提高种子的淀粉酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶等酶的活性,而影响程度与分子量大小有关。当分子量为120 kD时,对种子的发芽率、幼苗生长指标、种子酶活有较好的促进作用。综上所述,γ-聚谷氨酸具有良好的保湿护肤功效及中等抗氧化活性,对皮肤安全、无刺激性,可作为化妆品中的添加剂;为γ-聚谷氨酸引起化妆品中卡波姆粘度降低的问题提供了解决方案和理论依据;其保水性可提高种子发芽率,促进幼苗生长,有明显的抗旱促苗效应,可在农业生产中使用。
[Abstract]:Glutamate-polyglutamic acid is a new kind of biological high-molecular material which is formed by removing a part of water from the glutamic acid monomer through the HCO3-NH2 and the HCO3-COOH. Has been widely used in the fields of cosmetics, agriculture, environmental protection, medicine and biomedical materials. In cosmetic, that L-polyglutamic acid can be used as a support material, a skin moisturizing agent, and a slow release of the skin factor. The hydrogel is colorless and odourless, and the colloid has a highly polymerized three-dimensional network structure so as to have a super-strong water-absorbing and moisture-retaining capacity of up to 5000 times, in particular, being added into a cosmetic as a skin moisturizing agent can improve the moisture-keeping effect of the product. The high-strength water-absorbing capacity and the sustained-release capacity of the L-polyglutamic acid can also play the same effect in the soil, so that the germination-promoting effect of the seeds can be obviously improved, and the germination rate and the seed vigor of the crops can be effectively improved. The effects of moisturizing and skin-protecting, human safety and in vitro antioxidant activity of L-polyglutamic acid were studied in this experiment, and the problem of reducing the viscosity of carbomer in cosmetics was solved, and some research data were provided for the use of polyglutamic acid in cosmetics. The effect of L-polyglutamic acid with molecular weight of 0-2000 KDa on the seed germination and seedling growth of mung bean was studied. The moisture content of the skin before and after the use of L-polyglutamic acid was measured by the skin moisture tester, and the skin patch test was used to evaluate the safety of the skin-polyglutamic acid. The results showed that the moisturizing property of the polyglutamic acid with the average molecular weight of 1200 KDa was the best when the concentration was 0.1%, with the change of the molecular weight and the concentration. The rate of change of skin moisture content was 103.93-0.24, and the rate of change of skin moisture content was 112.23-0.23 after 4 h. The rate of change of skin moisture content (114.01-0.34) of sodium hyaluronate (1400 KDa) was similar to that of the positive control group. The test results of skin patch test show that the polyglutamic acid can be applied to the skin of human body, and it is non-toxic and safe. DPPH free radical clearance curve of high and low molecular weight HCO3-polyglutamic acid was determined by the DPPH method, and the IC50 was used as an index, and compared with the antioxidant Vc phosphate magnesium and the P-bear fruit, the oxidation resistance of the two high and low molecular weight HCO3-polyglutamic acid was evaluated. The results showed that the IC50 value of the 1.4 million molecular weight L-polyglutamic acid scavenging DPPH free radical was 25.5 mg/ mL, which was slightly superior to that of the 10-million-weight-poly-glutamic acid (IC5030.5 mg/ mL). The effect of scavenging free radicals is about half of that of magnesium phosphate (IC5013mg/ mL), which is lower than that of C-bear fruit (IC500.016 mg/ mL). The components such as glutamic acid, sodium glutamate and sodium chloride in the finished product containing the HCO3-PGA can cause a decrease in the viscosity of the carbomer of the thickener, and the higher the ion concentration, the higher the viscosity of the carbomer. For 100,000 and 800,000 molecular weight-PGA-PGA, to maintain the carbomer viscosity in the cosmetic system above 1000 cp, a 0.2% concentration of carbomer 941 can be added at a concentration of no more than 0.05%. In the formulation of cosmetics, the weight fraction of the carbomer 941 is 0.3% and 0.25%, and the viscosity of the maintenance system is above 1000 cp, which can be used for the production of skin-care cream and emulsion. The seed of mung bean was treated with Y-polyglutamic acid with different molecular weights, and the effects of the different molecular weight of L-polyglutamic acid on the seed germination and seedling growth of the mung bean were studied. The results showed that the effect of L-polyglutamic acid on the germination rate of the seeds was related to the molecular weight, and the physiological indexes such as the weight, height and length of the seedlings could also fluctuate. At the same time, the addition of Y-polyglutamic acid increases the activity of the enzyme such as amylase, catalase and peroxidase of the seed, and the degree of influence is related to the size of the molecular weight. When the molecular weight is 120 kD, the germination rate, the seedling growth index and the seed enzyme activity of the seeds are better promoted. In conclusion, the anti-polyglutamic acid has good moisture-keeping and skin-caring effects and moderate antioxidant activity, is safe and non-irritating to the skin, can be used as an additive in the cosmetic, and provides a solution and a theoretical basis for the problem of reducing the viscosity of the carbomer in the cosmetic by the-polyglutamic acid; The water-retaining agent can improve the germination rate of the seeds, promote the growth of the seedlings, have obvious drought-resistant and seedling-promoting effects, and can be used in the agricultural production.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ317

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