多功能超湿性材料的制备及其在多相油水分离中的应用
发布时间：2023-10-21 16:17
近年来具有特异润湿性能的超浸润材料因其在油水分离、防油污涂料和管道抗粘附等领域具有重要的应用价值而受到研究者的广泛关注。研究发现,超疏液表面的构造主要包括两个重要因素,即构筑微纳米级粗糙度和低表面自由能化合物。然而,对于超疏油表面,由于油滴的表面张力比水的表面张力(72 mN m-1)小得多,其很容易在超疏水表面上扩散。因此,制备超双疏表面比制备超疏水表面更困难。研究者通过将特殊的微/纳米粗糙结构与低表面能碳氟化合物相结合,获得了超稀疏材料的优异性能,因此碳氟化合物已成为制备超双疏材料的重要表面改性剂。在这项工作中,采用织物为基底材料,分别通过简单喷涂、浸渍法来制备超疏水/超亲油和超亲水/超疏油材料。并通过FTIR和SEM对所制备样品的化学成分和表面形态等进行了表征。本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)选择来源广泛的织物为原料,通过喷涂在其表面覆盖一层致密的超疏水涂层,该涂层主要包含环氧树脂、聚酰胺树脂、碳纳米管(CNTs)、全氟辛酸(PFOA)。其表面接触角为152°,滑动角为3°。此外,该涂层表现出良好的自清洁和油水分离性能,分离效率高达90%以上。(2)选择蒙脱土(MMT)为原料,以全...
【文章页数】：66 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
Table of main symbols
1 Introduction
1.1 Backgroung and research significance
1.2 Theoretical study on wettability of solid surface
1.2.1 Concept of wettability of solid surface
1.2.2 Surface Activeness
1.2.3 Equilibrium Forces
1.2.4 Coherence
1.2.5 Camera resolution
1.2.6 Amplification
1.2.7 Dissimilarity
1.2.8 Lighting
1.2.9 Focal length
1.2.10 Analysis
1.2.11 Baseline Starting Point
1.2.12 Trace the drop edge
1.2.13 Determine the gradient
1.2.14 Calculate the contact angle
1.2.15 Superhydrophobic mechanism model
1.3 Super infiltration in nature
1.4 Research progress of superhydrophobic/superoleophobic materials
1.4.1 Preparation method of superhydrophobic and superoleophobic materials
1.4.2 Spraying strategy
1.4.3 Etching method
1.4.4 Template method
1.4.5 Other Methods
1.5 Research and application prospect of the superhydrophobic/superoleophobic materials
1.6 Idea and research content
1.6.1 Idea of setting up questions
1.6.2 Research content of the thesis mainly includes the following aspects
1.7. Prospect of my study and superhydrophobic materials
2. Preparation of the Superhydrophobic Fabric and its Versatile Applications in Oil/WaterSeparation
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Experiment and characterization
2.2.1 Materials and instruments
2.2.2 Experiment content
2.2.3 Performance test and characterization method of material
(1) Determination of contact angle and slide angle
(2) Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometry (FT-IR) analysis
(3) X-ray Photo electron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis
(4) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis
(5) Particle surface morphology and TEM analysis of materials
(6) Self-cleaning performance test
2.3 Results and Discussion
2.3.1 Surface morphology and chemical composition of superhydrophobic fabric
2.3.2 Adhesion test
2.3.3 Oil/water separation test
2.3.4 Separation efficiency test
3 Preparation and Properties of Multifunctional Superwettable Materials from MMTnanoparticles
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Materials and instruments
3.1.2 Equipments and instruments
3.2 Experimental contents and methods
3.2.1 Material preparation
3.2.2 Preparation of superoleophobicity montmorillonite coating
3.2.3 Methods for testing and characterization of material
(1) Determination of contact angle and slide angle
(2) Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometry analysis
(3) X-ray Photo electron Spectroscopy analysis
(4) Scanning electron microscope analysis
(5) Particle surface morphology and TEM analysis of materials
(6) Self-cleaning performance test
(7) Preparation of oil in water emulsion
3.3 Results and discussion
3.3.1 Preparation of a Multifunctional Superwettable Materials with ExcellentSuperoleophobicity
3.3.2 Hydrophilic and oil-repellent properties of coating materials
3.3.3 Surface morphology and chemical composition of MMT nanoparticles coatin
3.3.4 Application of modified Montmorillonite coatings in different substrates
3.3.5 The oil-water separation of modified montmorillonite particles
4 Conclusion and Prospect
4.1 Conclusion
4.2 Prospects
Acknowledgement
References
Appendix Academic Achievements
本文编号：3856185
【文章页数】：66 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
Table of main symbols
1 Introduction
1.1 Backgroung and research significance
1.2 Theoretical study on wettability of solid surface
1.2.1 Concept of wettability of solid surface
1.2.2 Surface Activeness
1.2.3 Equilibrium Forces
1.2.4 Coherence
1.2.5 Camera resolution
1.2.6 Amplification
1.2.7 Dissimilarity
1.2.8 Lighting
1.2.9 Focal length
1.2.10 Analysis
1.2.11 Baseline Starting Point
1.2.12 Trace the drop edge
1.2.13 Determine the gradient
1.2.14 Calculate the contact angle
1.2.15 Superhydrophobic mechanism model
1.3 Super infiltration in nature
1.4 Research progress of superhydrophobic/superoleophobic materials
1.4.1 Preparation method of superhydrophobic and superoleophobic materials
1.4.2 Spraying strategy
1.4.3 Etching method
1.4.4 Template method
1.4.5 Other Methods
1.5 Research and application prospect of the superhydrophobic/superoleophobic materials
1.6 Idea and research content
1.6.1 Idea of setting up questions
1.6.2 Research content of the thesis mainly includes the following aspects
1.7. Prospect of my study and superhydrophobic materials
2. Preparation of the Superhydrophobic Fabric and its Versatile Applications in Oil/WaterSeparation
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Experiment and characterization
2.2.1 Materials and instruments
2.2.2 Experiment content
2.2.3 Performance test and characterization method of material
(1) Determination of contact angle and slide angle
(2) Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometry (FT-IR) analysis
(3) X-ray Photo electron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis
(4) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis
(5) Particle surface morphology and TEM analysis of materials
(6) Self-cleaning performance test
2.3 Results and Discussion
2.3.1 Surface morphology and chemical composition of superhydrophobic fabric
2.3.2 Adhesion test
2.3.3 Oil/water separation test
2.3.4 Separation efficiency test
3 Preparation and Properties of Multifunctional Superwettable Materials from MMTnanoparticles
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Materials and instruments
3.1.2 Equipments and instruments
3.2 Experimental contents and methods
3.2.1 Material preparation
3.2.2 Preparation of superoleophobicity montmorillonite coating
3.2.3 Methods for testing and characterization of material
(1) Determination of contact angle and slide angle
(2) Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometry analysis
(3) X-ray Photo electron Spectroscopy analysis
(4) Scanning electron microscope analysis
(5) Particle surface morphology and TEM analysis of materials
(6) Self-cleaning performance test
(7) Preparation of oil in water emulsion
3.3 Results and discussion
3.3.1 Preparation of a Multifunctional Superwettable Materials with ExcellentSuperoleophobicity
3.3.2 Hydrophilic and oil-repellent properties of coating materials
3.3.3 Surface morphology and chemical composition of MMT nanoparticles coatin
3.3.4 Application of modified Montmorillonite coatings in different substrates
3.3.5 The oil-water separation of modified montmorillonite particles
4 Conclusion and Prospect
4.1 Conclusion
4.2 Prospects
Acknowledgement
References
Appendix Academic Achievements
本文编号：3856185
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