大物面X射线条纹管电子光学设计与实验研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 22:06

本文关键词：大物面X射线条纹管电子光学设计与实验研究　出处：《深圳大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在激光惯性约束聚变(ICF)实验中,X射线条纹相机是进行高时空分辨X射线测量非常重要的诊断设备。激光聚变的持续时间与所使用的激光器输出脉冲宽度相关,因而激光聚变的持续时间最大为纳秒量级。随着激光驱动能量越来越高和实验装置越来越复杂,使打靶实验的代价也越来越高,因此要求X射线条纹相机能在每一次打靶过程中获取尽可能多的信息。目前国际上已知的条纹相机最大阴极工作直径为50mm,总共可提供1000个线对的信息分辨元,而国内已有条纹相机其最大阴极直径为30mm,空间分辨率为15lp/mm,即最多只能提供~450分辨元的信息量。距离实验要求提供800分辨元的要求还有很大的差距。本论文针对国内惯性约束聚变对条纹相机所提出的高要求,进行了深入的研究,提出了达到此要求的途径。论文的主要工作及创新点如下:1.为大幅度提高条纹管的空间信息捕捉量,设计并研制了一种不等径轴对称多圆筒电子光学结构的大物面条纹管。优化后的设计结果为,阴极工作面积50mm,工作电压12kV,放大倍率为1.35,采用曲率半径为R64 mm的球面荧光屏校正场曲的影响。对所研制的大物面条纹管样管测试表明,中心静态极限空间分辨30 lp/mm(对比度30%时为20lp/mm),离轴16 mm处静态极限空间分25lp/mm(对比度21%时为18lp/mm)。动态空间分辨率22lp/mm(对比度10%时为20lp/mm),时间分辨率3.3ps,动态范围可达2000:1。2.为了在扩大成像面积的前提下进一步减小场曲的影响,提出以同心球静电聚焦系统为原型,通过对同心球系统场分布特征进行分析,拟合设计出一种场分布与同心球系统类似的多电极大物面电子光学成像系统。数值模拟结果表明,该电子光学结构在50mm阴极上可获得优良的成像性能,放大倍率~1,电子轨迹追踪结果表明其像面形状受场曲等各种像差的影响均比较小,在采用平面荧光屏的情况下,其整个阴极长度范围内空间分辨率平均可达30 lp/mm,能提供至少1500线对的空间分辨。
[Abstract]:In the laser inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiment, the X ray streak camera is a very important diagnostic device for high time space-time resolution X ray measurement. The duration of the laser fusion is related to the output pulse width of the laser used, so the duration of the laser fusion is maximum nanosecond. As the laser driving energy becomes more and more complex and the experimental device becomes more and more complex, the cost of target shooting is higher and higher. Therefore, X ray streak camera is required to get as much information as possible during every target shooting process. The largest cathode diameter of the known stripe cameras is 50mm, which can provide 1000 pairs of information pairs. The largest cathode diameter of the streak camera in China is 30mm, and the spatial resolution is 15lp/mm. That is to say, it can only provide ~450 resolution information. The distance experiment requires a large gap in the requirement of providing 800 resolution. In this paper, the high demand for streak camera in domestic inertial confinement fusion is studied, and the way to meet this requirement is put forward. The main works and innovations of the paper are as follows: 1. in order to improve the capturing amount of space information of stripe tube, a large diameter noodle tube with asymmetric diameter and multi cylinder electronic optical structure is designed and developed. The optimized design result is that the cathode working area is 50mm, the working voltage is 12kV, and the magnification is 1.35. The spherical fluorescent screen with curvature radius of R64 mm is used to correct the influence of field curvature. The test of the large diameter noodle tube sample shows that the static limit space of the center is 30 lp/mm (contrast = 30% 20lp/mm), and the static limit space is 16 25lp/mm away from the axis 16 (contrast 21% is 18lp/mm). The dynamic spatial resolution 22lp/mm (the contrast is 10% 20lp/mm), the time resolution 3.3ps, and the dynamic range can reach 2000:1. 2. in order to further reduce the influence of the field curvature in the imaging area under the premise of expanding, the concentric spherical electrostatic focusing system as the prototype, based on concentric sphere system distribution characteristics were analyzed, the fitting design of multi electrode materials like a field distribution and concentric sphere system surface electron optical imaging system. The numerical simulation results show that the electron optical structure can be achieved excellent imaging performance in 50mm cathode, magnification ~1, electronic tracking results show that the surface shape as affected by various field curvature aberration are relatively small, in the case of plane screen, the entire cathode within the length of average spatial resolution 30 lp/mm, can provide space for at least 1500 lines of resolution.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TL632.1

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