TBM刀盘驱动系统分层次建模与耦合振动机理

发布时间：2017-12-27 10:42

本文关键词：TBM刀盘驱动系统分层次建模与耦合振动机理　出处：《大连理工大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全断面掘进机(TBM)是隧道建设领域的典型重大装备,其技术难度大且附加值高,体现了我国装备制造业的水平。刀盘驱动系统是TBM整机系统动、静之衔接,兼具支撑与驱动两大功能。高硬度、高温、高石英含量的"三高"围岩环境引起的复杂刀盘受力性态,使得TBM刀盘驱动系统振动剧烈,易出现传动部件损坏等工程故障。TBM刀盘驱动系统多点啮合、多级传动与多结合面等复杂结构特征,为复杂载荷激励下的系统动力学特性研究带来了挑战。本文以敞开式TBM刀盘驱动系统为研究对象,提出一种针对TBM刀盘驱动系统复杂结构特征的分层次动力学建模与分析方法,研究强冲击激励下的系统耦合振动机理,揭示系统参数对动力学特性的影响规律,并通过掘进现场与模型实验台的振动测试进行了理论模型验证。主要研究工作如下:1)针对TBM刀盘驱动系统的复杂结构特征,基于广义有限元建模思想,提出一种适用于复杂齿轮传动系统的分层次动力学建模方法。综合考虑TBM刀盘驱动系统驱动元参数与运动、力参数间的强耦合关系,采用基于动力学相似理论的虚拟轴段等效方法,建立了包含多源驱动、主减速器多级行星轮系及各结构件单元结合部位的非线性因素的刀盘驱动系统整机动力学模型。2)研究TBM刀盘驱动系统固有频率与振型特征,将系统振型划分成轴向振型、扭转振型与横向振型三种类型,得到了系统设计中应避免的模态跃迁点,并建议采用中心对称作为小齿轮分布方式;结合多源变频电机主从控制下的转速与转矩特性,研究电机启动、稳态载荷与冲击载荷等工况下的时频响应及系统动态啮合力特性,并揭示刀盘载荷、小齿轮分布方式及刀盘转速对系统振动响应特性的影响规律;基于仿真载荷下的预估响应与现场振动实测数据在振动水平上相当,误差约为18%～50%。3)以固有频率、关键节点振动响应及动态啮合力为系统动力学特性评价指标,考虑外部载荷、材料系数、啮合参数与联接参数等输入参数变化,基于代理模型技术分析了系统动力学特性的全局参数敏感度,获得了考虑多种类型参数交互作用的刀盘驱动系统动力学特性变化规律,为TBM刀盘驱动系统动力学设计提供理论依据。4)设计并建立刀盘驱动系统模型实验台,验证了各级传动系统的啮合频率及倍频是刀盘驱动系统的主要振动频率,且系统振动表现出明显的耦合特性。
[Abstract]:Full section roadheader (TBM) is a typical major equipment in the field of tunnel construction. It has high technical difficulty and high added value, which embodies the level of China's equipment manufacturing industry. The tool disk drive system is the dynamic and static connection of the TBM system, with two functions of both support and drive. Due to the high hardness, high temperature and high quartz content, the complex cutter head's stress state caused by the "three high" surrounding rock environment makes the TBM cutter drive system vibrate violently, and the transmission parts are easily damaged. TBM cutter head drive system has many complex structural characteristics, such as multi-point meshing, multistage transmission and multiple joint surfaces. It challenges the research of system dynamics under complex load excitation. In this paper, the open type TBM cutter drive system as the research object, presents a TBM for cutter drive system complex structure hierarchical dynamic modeling and analysis method, study the impact mechanism of strong coupled vibration system under the excitation system parameters on the dynamic characteristics, reveal the influence rule, and the theoretical model is verified by vibration test driving field and experimental model. The main research works are as follows: 1) aiming at the complex structural characteristics of TBM cutter drive system, a hierarchical dynamic modeling method for complex gear transmission system is proposed based on generalized finite element modeling idea. Considering the TBM cutter drive system parameters and element movement, strong coupling relationship between parameters, the dynamic similarity virtualaxis equivalent method based on the theory, including multi drive, main reducer multistage planetary gear train and the structure of the unit with parts of the non linear factors of the cutting wheel drive system dynamics model. 2) of TBM cutter driving system of natural frequency and vibration characteristics, the system mode is divided into axial mode, torsional vibration and lateral vibration of three types, the mode transition point should be avoided in the design of the system, and suggested that the central symmetry as a small gear distribution; combination of speed and torque characteristics multi frequency motor master-slave control of the dynamic frequency response and system of meshing motor starting, steady load and impact load under the conditions of the force characteristics, and reveals the influence of response characteristics of cutter load, small gear distribution and cutter speed on the vibration response of the load forecast; simulation and field vibration measurement in the vibration level based on the data, the error is about 18% ~ 50%. 3) to the natural frequency, critical vibration response and dynamic meshing force for node system dynamics evaluation index, considering the change of external load, material properties, meshing parameters and coupling parameters of the input parameters, based on the global technology agent model to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the system parameter sensitivity is obtained considering the driving dynamics characteristics of the system of various types the interaction parameters of cutter, and provide a theoretical basis for the design of system dynamics TBM cutter drive. 4) design and set up the experimental platform of the cutter drive system, verify that the meshing frequency and frequency doubling of all transmission systems are the main vibration frequencies of the cutter drive system, and the system vibration shows obvious coupling characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U455.31

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