基于甩挂运输网络结构与运作模式的牵引车调度优化

发布时间：2018-03-17 04:00

本文选题：甩挂运输　切入点：网络构建　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：甩挂运输中牵引车按照既定的作业方案,拖带载货的挂车到达货物装卸作业点后直接将挂车甩下,挂上新的挂车或者空驶前往下一作业点。这种新型的运输方式将公路运输和甩挂作业结合在一起,实现了集约、高效的目标,能够显著提高效率、降低成本、减少碳排放。当前理论界缺乏对特定区域内甩挂运输网络构建及相应的运作模式设计的研究,同时,对系统中存在多个甩挂中心的牵引车调度问题研究程度较浅。另外,车辆路径问题中常见的联盟思想也并未应用到甩挂运输中。论文首先设计了模糊c-均值聚类算法来选取甩挂运输网络节点。结合实际情况,收集辽宁省、山东省、江浙地区相关数据展开实例研究,对渤海湾地区的甩挂运输网络进行节点选择。在此过程中,将定性方法与定量方法相结合,利用模糊C-均值聚类算法对样本城市的指标数据作出分析和比对,运用数据分析结果为节点的选择提供客观依据。然后,将渤海湾相对成熟的滚装运输和新兴的甩挂运输相结合,设计出以港口为核心的滚装甩挂运输组织模式。其次,基于前一章节设计的轴辐式甩挂运输组织模式,并将其扩展为多个甩挂中心,考虑多作业路径,对港口集疏运体系下的集装箱甩挂运输调度优化问题建立了牵引车调度优化模型。利用最短距离聚类将客户点划分至不同的甩挂中心,并设计了混合模拟退火算法求解分解后的单甩挂中心调度问题。最后,为探讨轴辐式甩挂运输网络中运营主体间的空挂可否共享对系统整体调度的影响,论文首先建立最小化运输路径的非空挂共享甩挂运输车辆调度模型,并设计三阶段启发式算法求解此问题。进而通过分析问题的优化空间,提出空挂共享的甩挂运输运营模式,并改进非共享模式下的模型和算法对其进行求解。设置一系列的仿真算例分析关键参数对整体调度的影响,算例结果既验证了所设计的启发式算法的有效性,又能为现实运营中各影响因素的决策提供技术支持。最后,借助行业数据对两种运营模式的整体运作成本进行了对比,量化了空挂共享模式较非空挂共享模式的优势。
[Abstract]:The towing vehicle in the dumping and trailing transportation shall, in accordance with the established operation plan, dump the trailer directly after it reaches the cargo loading and unloading operation point, Hang up a new trailer or empty drive to the next point of operation. This new mode of transport combines road transportation with hoisting operations, achieving intensive and efficient objectives, significantly increasing efficiency and reducing costs. Reducing carbon emissions. At present, there is a lack of research on the construction of transportation network and the corresponding operation mode design in a specific area. At the same time, the research on the towing vehicle scheduling problem with multiple dumping centers in the system is relatively shallow. The common alliance idea in the vehicle routing problem has not been applied to the transportation. Firstly, the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm is designed to select the nodes of the transportation network. In combination with the actual situation, the paper collects Liaoning Province and Shandong Province. The relevant data in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions are studied by a case study to select the nodes of the transportation network in Bohai Bay region. In the process, the qualitative method and the quantitative method are combined. The fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is used to analyze and compare the index data of the sample cities, and the data analysis results are used to provide the objective basis for the selection of nodes. Combining the relatively mature ro / ro transport in Bohai Bay with the emerging swing and hanging transportation, the paper designs an organization mode of ro-ro swing and hoisting transportation with port as the core. Secondly, based on the previous chapter, the axle and spoke swing transport organization mode is designed. And it is extended to a number of hanging centers, considering multiple job paths, In this paper, the optimal scheduling model of container dump and hoist transportation in port is established, and the customer points are divided into different centers by using the shortest distance clustering method. A hybrid simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the single swing and hang center scheduling problem after decomposition. Finally, in order to investigate the influence of the sharing of empty hanging between operators in the axle-spoke swing and hoisting transportation network on the overall scheduling of the system, a hybrid simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the single swing and hang center scheduling problem after decomposition. In this paper, the vehicle scheduling model of non-empty hoisting sharing is established to minimize the transportation path, and a three-stage heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the problem. Then, by analyzing the optimization space of the problem, the operation mode of hoisting and hoisting sharing is put forward. A series of simulation examples are set up to analyze the influence of key parameters on the overall scheduling. The results of the examples verify the effectiveness of the proposed heuristic algorithm. Finally, with the help of industry data, the overall operating costs of the two operation modes are compared, quantifying the advantages of the empty hanging sharing mode compared with the non-empty hanging sharing mode.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.331

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