基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层刀具的制备与应用的基础研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 18:39

  本文选题：TiAlN涂层刀具　切入点：微纳织构　出处：《山东大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文将涂层技术与微织构技术相结合,提出了基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层刀具的新概念。通过基体表面织构化,可改变基体表面微观结构,有效增加基体表面的比表面积,为涂层的涂覆提供良好的附着表面;另外,基体表面织构化能够改变刀-屑界面的接触特征,最终导致涂层刀具在切削过程中的摩擦状态发生显著改善。通过研究TiAlN涂层刀具基体材料表面微纳织构的制备工艺,结合物理气相沉积方法,成功制备出基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层刀具,系统研究了基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层刀具微观结构、力学性能、摩擦磨损性能以及切削性能等,并深入分析探讨了该涂层刀具减摩作用机理。基于TiAlN涂层刀具失效机理对刀具性能的要求,提出了基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层刀具的新概念,并分析TiAlN涂层材料与基体材料的化学、物理相容性,确定了 WC/Co硬质合金作为TiAlN涂层刀具的基体材料。利用激光微加工技术进行了 WC/Co基体表面微纳织构的制备,分别分析了纳秒和飞秒激光加工参数对所加工微织构和纳织构表面质量的影响及作用规律,得到了最佳的微纳织构加工工艺参数。纳秒激光最佳加工参数为:泵浦电压8 V,扫描速度15 mm/s,重复频率7 kHz,扫描2遍,所加工的微织构几何尺寸为:宽度50μm,深度48.9μm;飞秒-激光最佳加工参数为:单脉冲能量2.5 μJ,扫描速度500 μm/s,扫描间距5 μm,所加工的纳织构几何尺寸为:周期550 nm,槽深150 nm。由上述最佳微纳织构激光加工工艺参数在TiAlN涂层刀具基体表面制备出微织构、纳织构以及微纳复合织构。利用真空阴极电弧离子镀技术在织构化的基体表面进行TiAlN涂层的涂覆,制备出了三种基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层刀具,即:基体表面微织构化TiAlN涂层刀具(MCT);基体表面纳织构化TiAlN涂层刀具(NCT);基体表面微纳复合织构化TiAlN涂层刀具(MNCT)。系统研究了基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层的微观结构及物理机械性能,并与基体表面无织构的TiAlN涂层(CCT)对比,结果表明:基体表面织构化导致TiAlN涂层基体表面粗糙化、TiAlN涂层系统H/E值的增加,并且可在基体表面形成与TiAlN相位置相近的新物相WC1-x。另外,基体表面织构化可显著提高TiAlN涂层与基体界面间结合强度,这主要是由于基体表面织构化处理能够改变基体表面微观结构和晶体结构,有效提高基体表面的比表面积,为涂层的涂覆提供良好的附着表面。通过与AISI 316不锈钢进行球-盘接触式摩擦磨损试验系统研究了基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:与CCT试样相比,NCT试样的磨损寿命显著增加,这主要是由于NCT试样更高的膜-基结合强度;MoS2固体润滑剂可有效降低TiAlN涂层表面摩擦系数,尤其是对MCT试样而言,与CCT试样相比,其表面平均摩擦系数降低了 65-75%,这是由于在摩擦过程中,当涂敷在光滑表面的MoS2固体润滑剂被完全磨掉时,摩擦副接触表面之间相互摩擦挤压作用可将储存在微沟槽中的MoS2润滑剂不断析出补给,从而在摩擦接触面形成MoS2润滑层;同时,微织构可通过扑捉、存储磨损颗粒的作用有效减缓TiAlN涂层的磨损程度;与NCT和MCT试样相比,MNCT试样能够更加显著地改善TiAlN涂层的摩擦磨损性能,这主要归因于基体表面微织构与纳织构的协同作用。通过车削试验研究了基体表面织构化TiAlN涂层刀具切削AISI 316不锈钢时的切削性能,由试验结果可知基体表面织构化可显著提高TiAlN涂层刀具切削性能:与CCT刀具相比,MCT、NCT和MNCT刀具的切削力、刀-屑间平均摩擦系数均得到不同程度的降低,且其工件加工质量显著改善,其中MNCT刀具切削性能最优。另外,与CCT刀具相比,MCT、NCT和MNCT刀具后刀面和前刀面的磨损程度得到了明显改善,其中MNCT刀具的工件粘结现象最为轻微,且TiAlN涂层脱落面积最小。基体表面纳织构化与微织构化双重效用改善TiAlN涂层刀具切削性能的作用机理主要为:一方面,基体表面微织构可促进切削液的渗入,充分发挥切削液的润滑作用;同时,微织构还可起到降低刀-屑接触长度和捕捉磨屑的作用;另一方面,基体表面纳织构可显著增加TiAlN涂层与基体界面结合力,降低由工件材料粘结造成的粘着磨损,保持TiAlN涂层刀具涂层表面的完整性,从而更好发挥TiAlN涂层高抗磨损性能特点,保护刀具基体。
[Abstract]:In this paper, coating technology and micro texture technology, puts forward the new concept of the surface texture of matrix TiAlN coating tool. The surface texture of the matrix, which can change the microstructure of the substrate surface, effectively increase the substrate surface area, provide good attached surface coating; in addition, the surface texture of matrix can change the tool chip interface contact characteristics, resulting in friction coated tool in cutting process has improved significantly. The preparation process through the surface of TiAlN coated tool matrix material micro nano texture, combined with physical vapor deposition method, prepared surface texture of matrix TiAlN coated tool system of surface texture the matrix of TiAlN coating microstructure, mechanical properties, friction and wear properties and cutting performance, and further discusses the mechanism of anti friction coating tool based on TiAl. N coating tool failure mechanism of tool performance, puts forward the new concept of the surface texture of matrix TiAlN coating tool, and chemical analysis of TiAlN coating material and substrate material, physical compatibility, WC/Co is determined as TiAlN hard alloy coating tool matrix material. The use of laser micro processing technology of surface micro WC/Co the preparation of nano texture, were analyzed by nanosecond and femtosecond laser processing parameters on the processing effect of texture and surface quality of micro nano texture and the role of law, the micro nano texture the best technology parameters. The optimal machining parameters for nanosecond laser pumped voltage 8 V, scanning speed of 15 mm/s, repetition rate of 7 kHz. Scan 2 times, the processing of micro texture size: width 50 m, depth 48.9 m femtosecond laser; the optimal machining parameters for single pulse energy of 2.5 J, scanning speed of 500 m/s, scanning spacing of 5 m, the Geometry processing - texture: cycle 550 nm, groove depth of 150 nm. by the best micro texture parameters of laser processing in the surface of TiAlN coated tool materials prepared by micro texture, texture and texture of nano micro nano composite coating TiAlN coating. The substrate surface plating on texture by cathodic vacuum arc ion., prepared three kinds of surface texture matrix with TiAlN coated tools, namely: surface micro texturing of TiAlN coated tools (MCT); surface nano textured TiAlN coating tool (NCT); surface micro nano composite texturing of TiAlN coated tools (MNCT). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the system the surface texture of matrix of TiAlN coating, TiAlN coating and non texture and substrate surface (CCT) comparison, the results showed that the surface texture of matrix leads to TiAlN coating substrate surface roughening, increase TiAlN coating system H/E value, and And with the TiAlN position of new similar WC1-x. also formed on the substrate surface, the surface texture of matrix of TiAlN can significantly improve the bonding strength between the coating and substrate interface, which is mainly due to the surface texture of matrix treatment can change the surface microstructure and crystal structure, effectively improve the substrate surface area, surface good adhesion for coating. Through the ball and AISI 316 stainless steel plate contact friction friction and wear properties of TiAlN coating on the surface texture of matrix wear test system. The results showed that: compared with CCT samples, the wear life of NCT samples increased significantly, which is mainly due to the NCT sample higher film substrate bonding strength; MoS2 solid lubricant can reduce the friction coefficient of TiAlN coating on the surface, especially for the MCT sample, compared with CCT samples, the average friction coefficient of the surface is reduced by 65-75 %, this is because in the process of friction, when coated on the smooth surface of MoS2 solid lubricant was completely worn off, the friction between the contact surface friction between extrusion can be stored in the lubricant MoS2 micro groove in the continuous precipitation recharge, thus forming the MoS2 layer on the contact surface lubrication friction; at the same time, through the micro texture Puzhuo, the degree of wear particles effectively reduce storage wear of TiAlN coatings; compared with NCT and MCT samples, the friction and wear properties of MNCT specimens can more significantly improve the synergistic effect of TiAlN coating, which is mainly attributed to surface micro texture and nano texture. The cutting performance of 316 stainless steel in the surface texture of matrix of TiAlN coating the cutting tool of AISI was studied through turning test, the test results show the surface texture of the substrate can significantly improve the cutting performance of TiAlN coated tools: compared with CCT, MCT NCT and MNCT cutting tool. The cutting force, tool chip between the average friction coefficient are decreased in different degree, and the machining quality is improved significantly, the cutting performance of MNCT tool optimal. In addition, compared with CCT, MCT NCT and MNCT tools, tool flank and rake face wear degree has been significantly improved, in which the workpiece bonding phenomenon the MNCT tool is slight, and the TiAlN coating off the smallest area. The mechanism of substrate surface nano textured and textured double utility to improve the cutting performance of TiAlN coated tools are: on the one hand, the substrate surface micro texture can promote cutting fluid infiltration, fully play the role of lubrication cutting fluid; at the same time, the role of micro texture it can reduce the tool chip contact length and capture debris; on the other hand, the substrate surface nano texture can significantly increase the bonding strength of TiAlN coating and substrate interface, reducing the adhesion wear by the workpiece material made by bonding To maintain the integrity of the coating surface of the TiAlN coating tool, so as to better give full play to the high anti wear properties of the TiAlN coating and to protect the tool matrix.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG174.4;TG71

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