非晶合金永磁电机铁耗和谐波损耗的研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 18:40

本文选题：非晶合金　切入点：永磁电机　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：非晶合金作为一种新型软磁材料,具有优异的电磁性能,将其应用于电机铁心来替代常规硅钢片材料,能够显著降低电机的铁心损耗、提高电机效率。但是非晶合金材料同时存在加工难、加工工艺对材料性能影响严重等问题,除此之外非晶合金永磁电机的损耗分布也不同于传统硅钢片电机。研究非晶合金电机的铁耗和谐波损耗的计算修正方法、影响规律以及相关抑制措施对非晶合金永磁电机产业的发展具有十分重要的意义。针对非晶合金材料磁化和损耗性能受加工工艺影响严重的问题,本文测试了加工后非晶合金铁心的损耗,并对实验数据进行了归纳,总结出了特定工艺加工的非晶合金铁心损耗的计算修正方法。设计了一种用以测试过盈配合对铁心性能影响的实验装置,研究了过盈量对非晶合金铁心损耗的影响规律。指出过盈配合加工后非晶合金铁心轭部涡流损耗密度增加严重,导致非晶合金铁心损耗性能恶化,且过盈量越大,损耗性能恶化程度越严重。基于实验方法分离了退火、浸漆固化工艺对非晶合金铁心损耗的影响规律。指出对于未经退火处理的非晶合金铁心,由浸漆固化加工引起的损耗增量主要是涡流损耗性质;对于退火后的非晶合金铁心,由浸漆固化加工引起的损耗增量主要是磁滞损耗性质。针对轴向磁通非晶合金永磁电机存在三维磁场,采用3D有限元分析耗时长且无法直观展示出损耗与电机结构参数之间对应关系的问题。本文改进了现有多环等效模型,建立了变频器供电情况下,考虑载波比和调制比参数对定子绕组谐波电流次数和幅值影响的轴向磁通非晶合金永磁电机铁耗和谐波损耗的解析计算模型。利用3D有限元计算结果和实验结果验证了该铁耗和谐波损耗解析计算模型的有效性。基于本文推导的多环等效解析模型,分析了气隙长度对轴向磁通非晶合金永磁电机铁耗和谐波损耗的影响规律。指出随着气隙长度的增加,轴向磁通非晶合金永磁电机铁耗降低、谐波损耗降低。针对轴向磁通非晶合金永磁电机大多采用多极结构,电机基波频率高,载波比低的问题。分析了变频器供电时,载波比参数对谐波损耗的影响规律,提出了避免采用3的整数倍载波比的谐波损耗抑制措施。将该方法应用于一台基波频率为800Hz的7k W轴向磁通非晶合金永磁电机的控制,谐波损耗抑制效果明显。利用实验方法测试了轴向磁通和径向磁通非晶合金永磁电机的铁耗和谐波损耗,将铁耗和谐波损耗的实验结果与计算结果进行了对比,对总结的特定工艺加工后的非晶合金铁心损耗修正方法进行了验证。利用实验方法对比分析了具有相同结构尺寸的非晶合金电机与硅钢片电机的损耗与效率特性存在的差异,并从非晶合金和硅钢片材料性能之间存在的差别角度出发分析了产生非晶合金电机与硅钢片电机损耗差异的原因。
[Abstract]:As a new kind of soft magnetic material, amorphous alloy has excellent electromagnetic properties. The application of amorphous alloy to the motor core to replace the conventional silicon steel sheet material can significantly reduce the core loss of the motor and improve the efficiency of the motor.However, it is difficult to process amorphous alloy materials at the same time, and the processing technology has a serious impact on the properties of materials. In addition, the loss distribution of amorphous alloy permanent magnet motors is different from that of conventional silicon steel sheet motors.It is of great significance for the development of amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor industry to study the calculation and correction method of iron loss and harmonic loss of amorphous alloy motor, the law of influence and the relevant restraining measures.In view of the serious problem that the magnetization and loss properties of amorphous alloy materials are seriously affected by the processing technology, the loss of amorphous alloy core after processing is measured, and the experimental data are summarized.The calculation and correction method of core loss of amorphous alloy processed by special process is summarized.An experimental device was designed to test the effect of interference fit on the core properties. The influence of interference on the core loss of amorphous alloy was studied.It is pointed out that the eddy current loss density in the core yoke of amorphous alloy increases seriously after the interference fit is processed, which leads to the deterioration of the loss performance of the amorphous alloy core, and the greater the interference amount is, the more serious the loss performance is.Based on the experimental method, the effect of annealing and curing process on the core loss of amorphous alloy was studied.It is pointed out that for unannealed amorphous alloy core, the loss increment caused by impregnation and curing process is mainly the eddy current loss property, and for the annealed amorphous alloy core,The loss increment caused by the curing process of impregnated lacquer is mainly hysteresis loss property.In view of the existence of 3D magnetic field in axial flux-amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor, 3D finite element analysis takes a long time and can not show the relationship between loss and motor structure parameters directly.In this paper, the existing multi-ring equivalent model is improved, and the inverter power supply is established.Considering the influence of carrier ratio and modulation ratio parameters on the frequency and amplitude of harmonic current in stator winding, an analytical model for calculating iron loss and harmonic loss of axial flux amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor is presented.The results of 3D finite element calculation and experiment verify the validity of the analytical model of iron loss and harmonic loss.Based on the multi-ring equivalent analytical model derived in this paper, the influence of air gap length on the iron loss and harmonic loss of axial flux amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor is analyzed.It is pointed out that with the increase of air gap length, the iron loss and harmonic loss of axial flux amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor decrease.In order to solve the problem of high fundamental frequency and low carrier ratio, the axial flux amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor mostly adopts multipole structure.In this paper, the influence of carrier ratio parameters on harmonic loss is analyzed, and the measures to avoid harmonic loss of 3 times carrier ratio are put forward.The method is applied to the control of a 7kW axial flux amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor with a fundamental frequency of 800Hz. The harmonic loss suppression effect is obvious.The iron loss and harmonic loss of axial flux and radial flux amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor are measured by experimental method. The experimental results of iron loss and harmonic loss are compared with the calculated results.The modified method of core loss of amorphous alloy after processing is verified.The difference of loss and efficiency between amorphous alloy motor with the same structure and silicon steel sheet motor is analyzed by means of experimental method.From the point of view of the difference between the properties of amorphous alloy and silicon steel sheet, the cause of loss difference between amorphous alloy motor and silicon steel sheet motor is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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