办公座椅形态要素的视觉和逸性研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 09:03

  本文选题：办公座椅 + 形态要素　； 参考：《中南林业科技大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：本研究依据认知心理学、感性工学、设计学等相关原理,从“和逸性(HEJ)”理论内涵出发,明确视觉HEJ相关原理与评价方法,构建办公座椅的视觉HEI研究理论体系。以职员办公座椅为研究对象,在明确其造型要素及其视觉形态基础上,采用眼动记录技术及主观评价报告探索用户的视觉注意模式及认知规律,确立其视觉优势部位,并挖掘HEJ表征。采用问卷调查开展实验研究,将离散的座椅造型设计要素进行集合化处理,构建涵盖高、中、低三类HEJ程度的图片样本组,借助E-prime软件设计实验以确立高信度样本组。采用事件相关电位技术(ERPs)探索不同HEJ程度下的用户脑认知特征,通过提取相关ERP成分的潜伏期及峰值等辨识信息数据,将其结果与认知心理学研究中经典的视觉诱发情绪ERP相关研究成果进行对比,判断不同HEJ水平下被试认知差异的显著性。主要研究成果如下:(1)明确了办公座椅造型要素及其视觉形态:职员椅类座椅主要包括头靠、靠背、座面、扶手、座椅调节装置及其腿部支撑结构等造型单元,它们拥有不同的视觉形态;且各单元间的相互关系是影响整体形态的重要视觉元素,尤以头靠与靠背之间以及靠背与座面间的视觉关系为甚。(2)眼动研究获取了办公座椅的视觉特性:座面以上造型单元处于被试视觉优势位置,对座椅整体视觉审美的影响程度较高,尤以靠背部位的视觉优势最为明显。腿部支撑及座面的视觉优势程度较低。(3)眼动研究结合主观评价获取了办公座椅视觉优势部位不同形态要素的视觉HEJ;就靠背立面而言,“梯形短”靠背及“矩形长”靠背的视觉HEJ程度较高;“正方形”、“椭圆形”及“倒梯形”程度较低。就靠背侧面轮廓而言:“S形”HEJ程度最高;“微弧形”与“J形”的HEJ处于较高或中等状态,且二者差异性不显著;“直线形”的HEJ最低。就靠背填充效果而言:“网格通透型”的视觉HEJ高于“封闭密实型”。就靠背与座面连接关系而言:“贴近式”的潜在视觉HEJ最高,而“分离式”与“一体式”渐次降低。就靠背与头靠连接关系而言:“长靠背与头靠贴近式”以及“短靠背与头靠分离式”的视觉鲜明程度较高,“长靠背与头靠分离式”以及“短靠背与头靠贴近式”为一般水平;“无头靠”相对较低。就扶手形态而言:“一字形”、“T形”与“倒L形”的视觉形态处于较高和逸性程度;“三角形”处于一般水平,“圆形三角”及“无扶手”形态相对较低。(4)调查研究获取了办公座椅整体视觉和逸性特征,事件相关电位实验(ERPs)验证了调查结果的可信度及有效性。具有“高”HEJ水平的办公座椅造型形态表现为:矩形、梯形等长靠背形态搭配S形、J型或微弧形侧面轮廓,其填充效果不限制,且靠背最好与座面贴近或分离,并搭配T形、一字形等扶手以及除椭圆座面以外的其他座面形态,可设置贴近式头靠,椅腿任意选择。而具有“中”HEJ水平的座椅特征为:梯形或倒梯形短靠背形态搭配曲线侧面轮廓(微弧形、J形),无头靠元素,靠背与座面的关系、扶手与腿部支撑形态可任意设置。“低”HEJ程度的座椅造型为:正方形、短矩形以及椭圆形等短靠背,直线形侧面轮廓,靠背与座面的关系为一体化或分离,填充效果、座面形态以及腿部形态任意设置,无扶手且无头靠。选取不同和逸性程度的样本,根据E-prime实验获取被试群体对各样本的反应时(RT time)和正确率(ACC rate),确立信度较高的样本组。以此为素材,采用事件相关电位实验(ERPs)探测ERPs内源性成分中N2与P3的潜伏期和峰值,对代表性样本组间差异性进行验证后发现:N2与P3成分在不同HEJ水平下的潜伏期不存在显著差异;同时N2成分的峰值强度随HEJ水平的降低而增强,且不受性别因素以及性别与和逸性水平的交互影响;此外,HEJ水平较高与低状态下的样本均诱发较强的P3峰值,且HEJ程度低的样本组诱发P3峰值最强,而中度HEJ样本组的P3峰值最弱,这与经典视觉诱发情绪ERPs的研究成果吻合。
[Abstract]:On the basis of cognitive psychology, Kansei Engineering, science and other related design principle, from the "HEJ (HEJ)" theory connotation, clear visual HEJ related principle and method of evaluation, visual HEI theory system. With the office staff office chair seat as the research object, clear the other elements and visual basic form note, mode and cognitive rules of using eye tracking technology and subjective evaluation report to explore the user's vision, establish its visual advantage position, and mining HEJ respectively. By questionnaire survey and experimental research is carried out, the seat design of discrete elements set processing, construction, covering high, low three group photo samples HEJ with the help of E-prime software, experimental design to establish high reliability sample group. Using the event-related potentials (ERPs) to explore the different degree of HEJ under the user cognitive features, extracted by ER P latency and peak identification information data, the results were compared with the visual evoked emotional ERP related research results of classical studies in cognitive psychology, judgment under different HEJ levels were significant cognitive differences. The main results are as follows: (1) the office chair styling elements and visual form: staff the chair seat includes the headrest, backrest, seat, armrest, seat adjustment device and leg support structure of other units, they have different visual forms; and the relationship between each unit is an important element of the overall visual form, especially in the head and back between the backrest and the seat surface and the visual relationship between is (2). The visual characteristics of eye movement research office chair: the seat above the other unit in the participants'visual dominant position, to a higher level of overall visual aesthetic seat, especially in the back The visual part of the most obvious advantages. The degree of the seat leg support and visual advantage is low. (3) eye movement research combined with the subjective evaluation to obtain the visual HEJ of different forms of elements of the visual advantage of office chair parts; on the back facade, "ladder back and" long short "rectangular" a high degree of HEJ vision; "a square", "oval" and "trapezoidal" degree is low. On the back side profile: "S HEJ" highest degree; "micro arc shape" and the "J" HEJ in the high or medium state, and the two difference is not significant; the "linear" HEJ on the back fill is lowest. Effect: "transparent grid type" visual HEJ is higher than "closed dense". On the backrest and the seat surface is connected with the relationship: "close to a" potential visual HEJ is the highest, and "separation" and "integral" is gradually reduced. The backrest and the headrest. The relationship: "long back and head against the type" and "short back and head on the separate" high degree "bright vision, long back and head against separation" and "short back and head against the" general level; "no head" is relatively low. It forms the handrail in terms of "shape", "visual form in the high degree of Yi and T form" and the "inverted L"; the "triangle" in the general level, the "circular triangle" and "armless" form is relatively low. (4) research to obtain the overall visual office chair and Yi characteristics. The experiment, event-related potential (ERPs) to verify the reliability and validity of the survey results. Other forms of office chair with high level of HEJ is: rectangular, trapezoidal shape S shape isometric backrest collocation, type J or micro arc shape profile, the filling effect is not restricted, the best and the backrest and the seat surface Close to or separate, and collocation T shape, a shape except elliptic seat armrest and other seat surface morphology can be set close to the head, legs and seat features with arbitrary choice. "" HEJ level: trapezoidal or obtrapezoid short form curve profile back collocation (micro arc shape, J no, shape) head element, the backrest and the seat surface, arm and leg support form can be arbitrarily set. "Other low seat" HEJ degree: square, rectangular and oval short short back, straight side profile, the relationship between the backrest and the seat for the integration or separation, filling effect, seat surface morphology and the leg form arbitrarily set, no handrails and no head. By choosing different HEJ degree samples, according to the E-prime experimental group were tested on samples of reaction time (RT time) and accuracy (ACC rate), the establishment of a high degree of sample letter. As a prime The experimental materials, event related potentials (ERPs) and N2 P3 ERPs in the detection of endogenous components and the latency of peak, to verify a representative sample of differences between groups was found: the latency of N2 and P3 components in different HEJ level have no significant difference; while reducing the peak intensity of N2 components with HEJ level. Enhanced, and not affected by gender factors and the interaction of gender and HEJ level effect; in addition, a high HEJ level and low state of the sample were induced by strong P3 peak, P3 peak and the sample group induced by HEJ low level, and moderate HEJ sample group P3 peak is weakest, the results with the classical visual evoked the study on the emotional ERPs anastomosis.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS665.4
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本文编号：1748600