深部巷道耦合支承层力学分析及分层支护控制研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 13:20

本文选题：深部 + 巷道　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：随着煤矿进入千米开采阶段,如何掌握深部开挖巷道围岩力学支承结构的承载特性和失稳机理,制定合理的围岩控制技术,越来越受到煤矿企业的重视。但针对围岩力学支承层划分方法、支承层的承载范围变化规律、支承层力学承载特性与巷道结构性失稳相互作用关系、支承层稳定性影响因素、巷道结构性失稳支护控制方法等深层次问题亟待解决。本论文以深部巷道耦合支承层力学分析及分层支护控制为研究对象,综合岩石力学试验、数值仿真技术、理论研究和巷道模型试验以及工程实测等研究方法,提出深部巷道围岩"强-弱-关键"耦合支承层划分方法和参考标准,建立深部开挖巷道围岩耦合支承层力学模型,掌握耦合支承层的承载范围形成和演化规律,对比分析耦合支承层划分合理性,研究深部巷道"强-弱-关键"耦合支承层力学承载特性,探讨围岩耦合支承层稳定性与巷道结构性破坏作用关系,分析耦合支承层稳定性影响因素,提出巷道耦合支承层稳定性分层支护控制方法,研究高水平应力下分层支护巷道支承结构稳定性和围岩结构性破裂发展特点,最后科学化定量设计巷道结构性失稳分层支护对策。主要进行以下相关研究工作:1)深部巷道"强-弱-关键"耦合支承层力学承载机制。针对某千米深部巷道,选择稳定性较差的交叉点硐室展开研究。采用现场取芯和室内二次定角度取样,进行不同方向岩石的力学性质实验。利用单/双弦式应力计,测试巷道开挖-支护过程中次生应力场演化规律,提出围岩"强-弱-关键"耦合支承层力学模型划分方法,分析耦合支承层承载范围变化特点,基于钻孔窥视掌握松动圈的形成和演化规律以及实测围岩"内-主"支承层承载结构特征,判定围岩耦合支承层划分的合理性,数值研究巷道开挖-支护过程中,围岩耦合支承层的承载特征及其对巷道稳定性影响,进而阐明深部巷道耦合支承层的力学承载机制。2)深部巷道"强-弱-关键"耦合支承层弹塑性力学理论研究。考虑围岩耦合支承层力学模型,推导巷道弹塑性破坏与围岩耦合支承层之间力学作用方程;考虑深部岩石力学性质,选择合理的岩石本构模型;在巷道"开挖-支护"工程背景下,建立开挖卸荷效应围岩力学模型、"围岩-支护"耦合力学模型。通过算例分析,研究耦合支承层稳定性与巷道破坏之间耦合作用机制,分析围岩耦合支承层稳定性影响因素,阐明巷道结构性失稳机理。耦合支承层稳定性研究,包括围岩次生应力峰值转移、应力集中程度和围岩强度劣化等。3)深部巷道"强-弱-关键"耦合支承层稳定性分层支护控制效果。对应理论研究建立当量圆巷道模型,由理论研究提供的裸巷支承层结构特征,设计当量圆巷道分层支护方法。由前文数值模拟直墙半圆拱裸巷的支承层结构特征,设计相应的分层支护。利用FLAC3D对比模拟裸巷-原支护-分层支护下巷道支承层稳定性和围岩破坏特征,分析分层支护方案的合理性。4)高水平应力下分层支护巷道力学模型试验。采用巷道力学模型实验,分别设计当量圆、直墙半圆拱巷道的力学模型。通过自制平面应力模拟实验台,实现高水平应力加载,研究高水平应力对裸巷耦合支承层稳定性和围岩结构性破裂发展的不利影响,根据裸巷耦合支承层的承载结构设计分层支护,研究分层支护对于限制高水平应力引起的巷道耦合支承层失稳和围岩结构性破裂发展的效果。5)深部巷道工程实测研究。由现场实测获得的应力场和围岩力学性质,掌握裸巷耦合支承层结构特性,定量设计分层支护方案和支护参数,分析分层支护控制承载结构稳定性效果。采用深-浅位移观测和钻孔窥视,判断原支护和分层支护下围岩的支承层稳定性、松动圈形态分布、围岩弹塑性位移分布,判断改进的分层支护合理性。
[Abstract]:As the coal mine enters the period of the kilometer mining, how to grasp the bearing characteristics and the instability mechanism of the mechanical supporting structure of the surrounding rock of the deep excavation, and make a reasonable control technology of the surrounding rock, more and more attention to the coal mining enterprises. The interaction relationship between the structural instability of the tunnel and the roadway, the influence factors of the stability of the supporting layer and the control method of the tunnel structural instability support need to be solved urgently. In this paper, the mechanical analysis of the coupling support layer in the deep roadway and the stratified support control are taken as the research object, and the rock mechanics test, numerical simulation technology, theoretical research and roadway are integrated. The method and reference standard of "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer of deep roadway surrounding rock are put forward, and the mechanical model of the coupling supporting layer of surrounding rock in deep excavation is established. The formation and evolution rules of the bearing range of the coupling support layer are grasps and the rationality of the coupling supporting layer is divided and analyzed. The relationship between the stability of the coupled supporting layer of the surrounding rock and the structural failure of the roadway is discussed, and the influence factors of the stability of the coupling support layer are analyzed. The stability stratified support control method of the coupled supporting layer of the roadway is put forward to study the stability of the supporting structure of the layered supporting roadway under the high horizontal stress. The characteristics of structural fracture development of the surrounding rock and surrounding rock, finally scientific and quantitative design of structural instability stratified supporting measures are scientifically designed. The main research work is as follows: 1) mechanical bearing mechanism of "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer in deep roadway. A single / double chord stress meter is used to test the evolution of secondary stress field in the process of tunnel excavation and support, and the mechanics model division method of the "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer of the surrounding rock is put forward, and the variation characteristics of the bearing range of the coupling support layer are analyzed, based on the analysis of the variation characteristics of the bearing range of the coupling support layer, based on the analysis of the variation characteristics of the coupling bearing layer. The formation and evolution of the loose ring as well as the characteristics of the bearing structure of the "inner main" supporting layer of the measured surrounding rock are mastered by the drill hole, and the rationality of the partition of the coupled supporting layer of the surrounding rock is determined. The bearing characteristics of the coupling supporting layer of the surrounding rock and its influence on the stability of the roadway are numerically studied in the process of tunnel excavation and support, and the coupling supporting layer of the deep roadway is clarified. The mechanical bearing mechanism.2) study on the elastic and plastic mechanics theory of the strong weak key coupling supporting layer in the deep roadway. Considering the mechanical model of the coupling supporting layer of the surrounding rock, the mechanical action equation between the elastic and plastic failure of the roadway and the coupling support layer of the surrounding rock is derived, and the rock constitutive model is chosen to choose the reasonable rock constitutive model considering the mechanical properties of the deep rock. Under the engineering background, the mechanical model of surrounding rock of excavation unloading effect is established, and the coupling mechanics model of surrounding rock support is established. Through an example analysis, the coupling mechanism between the stability of the coupling support layer and the tunnel failure is studied, the influence factors of the stability of the coupling support layer of the surrounding rock are analyzed, and the structural instability mechanism of the tunnel is clarified. The stability of the coupling support layer is studied. Including the secondary stress peak shift of surrounding rock, the degree of stress concentration and the strength deterioration of the surrounding rock strength and so on.3) the stability stratified support control effect of the "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer in the deep roadway. The equivalent circular roadway model is set up in the corresponding theoretical study, the structure characteristics of the supporting layer of the bare roadway provided by the theoretical research, and the design of the layered supporting method of the equivalent circular roadway are designed. Based on the previous numerical simulation of the supporting layer structure characteristics of the straight wall semi circular arch, the corresponding stratified support is designed. Using FLAC3D to simulate the stability of the supporting layer and the failure characteristics of the surrounding rock under the bare roadway, the original support and the layered support, the rationality of the layered supporting scheme is.4) the mechanical model test of the layered supporting roadway under the high horizontal stress is adopted. The mechanical model of roadway mechanical model is designed respectively. Through the self-made plane stress simulation test bench, the high horizontal stress loading is realized, and the adverse effects of the high horizontal stress on the stability of the coupling supporting layer and the structural rupture of the surrounding rock are studied, and the bearing structure of the coupling support layer of the bare lane is set up. The study of the effect of layered support on the development of the coupling support layer instability and the structural fracture of surrounding rock caused by the high horizontal stress.5) the actual study on the engineering of deep roadway engineering. The stress field and the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock obtained from the field measured, the structure characteristics of the coupling supporting layer in the bare roadway are grasps, the stratified support scheme is designed and the scheme is designed. The support parameters are used to analyze the stability effect of the layered support to control the bearing structure. The stability of the supporting layer of the surrounding rock, the distribution of the loose ring, the elastic plastic displacement distribution of the surrounding rock, and the rationality of the improved layered support are judged by the deep shallow displacement observation and the borehole peeping.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD353

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