CFETR诊断系统的概念设计与诊断窗口的集成研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 10:55

【摘要】：中国聚变工程试验堆(CFETR),是一个为了填补国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)和未来聚变示范堆(DEMO)之间的技术差距而设计的托卡马克装置,它的主要科学目标是获得Ⅰ期200MW和Ⅱ期1GW的聚变功率、演示聚变堆的稳态运行(运行因子为0.3-0.5)以及实现氚的自持(氚增值比大于1.0)。诊断系统是托卡马克装置的重要子系统,是装置保护、基本控制以及改善等离子体表现的重要方式。CFETR诊断系统的设计是一项重要而富有挑战的研究工作。本论文主要包括以下四部分内容。第一部分介绍的是ITER诊断系统。ITER将集成当今国际受控磁约束核聚变研究的主要科学和技术成果,因此可以在消化和吸收ITER诊断系统的基础上设计CFETR诊断系统。ITER诊断系统复杂而全面,将利用涵盖了磁、激光、微波、光谱、中子和聚变产物等领域的约70项诊断系统提供近100项测量参数。第二部分为本论文的主体内容,介绍了目前CFETR诊断系统概念设计的进展。首先评估了 CFETR诊断系统所面临的挑战,计算了 CFETR环境下的中子壁负载、中子通量和中子积分通量的值;然后给出了 CFETR诊断系统的设计流程;接着根据CFETR Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期的不同特点,给出了 CFETR诊断系统的规划,提出了在CFETR前期和后期分别采用ITER-like和面向DEMO的两套诊断方案;最后阐述了三个具有不同功能和冗余度的ITER-like诊断系统方案,并对这些诊断技术在应用到CFETR环境下可能面临的挑战做了描述。第三部分为CFETR诊断窗口集成设计研究,描述了诊断窗口集成的挑战、诊断窗口集成的流程以及诊断子系统布局时需要考虑的因素;利用CATIA软件对CFETR装置和诊断窗口插件进行了三维建模,并将偏振干涉仪、H-α光谱和可见红外成像三项诊断子系统集成到同一个诊断窗口上。第四部分介绍的是一项面向反应堆诊断的先行研究工作:远红外激光补偿干涉仪的系统设计。在未来的聚变堆装置条件下,用于电子密度测量的短波长远红外激光干涉仪将面临振动误差的严重问题。补偿干涉仪利用双波长激光同时测量的方法,将振动误差从测量结果中消除,是未来聚变堆的远红外诊断的必要技术。本部分内容首先介绍了补偿干涉仪的基本原理;其次利用双声光调制器获得了1MHz的调制信号,并测定了其稳定性;然后准确测量了纳米级别的精细位移。最后,基于EAST托卡马克装置的环境条件,完成了补偿干涉仪的系统设计。
[Abstract]:The China Fusion Engineering Test reactor (CFETR),) is a Tokamak device designed to fill the technical gap between the international thermonuclear fusion test reactor (ITER) and the future fusion demonstration reactor (DEMO). Its main scientific goal is to obtain the fusion power of stage I 200MW and phase II 1GW, demonstrate the steady-state operation of the fusion reactor (the operating factor is 0.3-0.5) and realize the self-sustaining of tritium (tritium increment ratio is greater than 1.0). Diagnosis system is an important subsystem of Tokamak device, and it is an important way to protect, control and improve plasma performance. The design of CFETR diagnostic system is an important and challenging research work. This paper mainly includes the following four parts. The first part introduces the ITER diagnostic system. ITER will integrate the main scientific and technical achievements of the international controlled magnetic confinement fusion research. So we can design a CFETR diagnostic system based on digesting and absorbing ITER diagnostic system. ITER diagnostic system is complex and comprehensive. It will use magnetic, laser, microwave, spectrum, About 70 diagnostic systems in areas such as neutrons and fusion products provide nearly 100 measurement parameters. The second part is the main content of this paper, and introduces the development of conceptual design of CFETR diagnosis system. The challenges faced by CFETR diagnostic system are evaluated, and the values of neutron wall load, neutron flux and neutron integral flux under CFETR environment are calculated, and then the design flow of CFETR diagnosis system is given. Then according to the different characteristics of CFETR stage I and II, the programming of CFETR diagnosis system is given, and two sets of diagnostic schemes, ITER-like and DEMO oriented, are put forward in the early stage and the later stage of CFETR, respectively. At last, three schemes of ITER-like diagnosis system with different functions and redundancy are introduced, and the challenges that these diagnostic techniques may face in CFETR environment are described. The third part is the research of CFETR diagnostic window integration design. It describes the challenge of diagnosis window integration, the process of diagnosis window integration and the factors to be considered in the layout of diagnosis window. The 3D modeling of CFETR device and diagnostic window plug-in is carried out by using CATIA software, and the three diagnostic subsystems of polarization interferometer, H- 伪 spectrum and visible infrared imaging are integrated into the same diagnostic window. The fourth part introduces a research work for reactor diagnosis: the system design of far infrared laser compensation interferometer. Under the condition of future fusion reactor devices, the short-wavelength far-infrared laser interferometer for electron density measurement will face the serious problem of vibration error. Compensation interferometer is a necessary technique for far-infrared diagnosis of fusion reactor in the future. The method of simultaneous measurement of dual-wavelength laser is used to eliminate the vibration error from the measured results. In this part, the basic principle of compensated interferometer is introduced, then the modulation signal of 1MHz is obtained by using dual-acoustooptic modulator and its stability is measured, and the fine displacement of nanometer level is measured accurately. Finally, based on the environmental conditions of EAST tokamak, the system design of compensation interferometer is completed.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TL64

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