我国绿色船厂构建研究
发布时间：2018-11-06 08:13
【摘要】：船舶工业在我国国民经济中具有重要地位,是海洋经济的重要组成部分,船舶企业对周边陆海环境影响较大。作为我国船舶工业强劲竞争对手的日本、韩国等,正在对船舶企业进行以"绿色增效"为核心的研究。我国船厂面临的绿色发展与竞争等形势严峻。因此,开展绿色船厂构建研究具有紧迫性、重要性和先进性。论文以解决绿色船厂概念不清、发展方向目标不明晰、构建与治理方法不系统、缺乏系统的评价指标、评价方法、实例评价等问题为目标,以船厂绿色评价与构建治理为主题进行了研究。第一,在绿色经济、绿色制造、绿色工业等理论和"绿色拆船企业"概念的基础上,采用科学抽象方法等和协同理论理念,系统提出绿色船厂的概念并建立数学模型与发展理念模型,对绿色船厂发展的6大方向目标进行凝练。第二,在对船厂的生产工艺流程和污染物、污染源进行分析的基础上,系统提出12项绿色船厂构建治理的主要方法、关键内容及建议措施。第三,采用DPSIR模型和清洁生产的理念及方法,建立了绿色船厂评价指标备选库,对指标进行重叠性分析和筛选,去除不符合要求项,建立了绿色船厂评价的基础指标和专项指标,系统的构建了绿色船厂评价指标体系;,同时在相关公约、法规和标准等的基础上,采用类比法、专家咨询法、文献研究法和现场调研法,建立绿色船厂的评价指标标准。第四,在船级社针对船厂生产能力评估方法的基础上,综合采用逐项赋值计分评价法、单项定性加权积分法和层次分析法,系统提出绿色船厂的评价算法,建立了船厂绿色评价等级划分的标准,指出大于等于60分的船厂是绿色船厂,对评价过程进行了优化。第五,采用实证研究法,选择3家不同类型船厂,基于论文提出的评价体系中10个基础评价指标、6个一级专项评价指标进行评价计算,确定了3家船厂的绿色等级。采用系统分析法,对3家船厂的绿色评价结果进行了分析比较:造船厂为深绿等级(2015年93.26分,2016年94.3分);修造船厂为中绿等级(2015年85.02分,2016年87.11分);拆船厂为中绿等级(2015年82.89分;2016年84.6分);修造船厂2016年的"资源与能源利用指标"、"生态指标"与拆船厂2016年的"资源与能源利用指标"得分比均在80%以下(常绿水平),拆船厂2016年的"生产工艺技术和装备指标"得分比为65%(浅绿水平),指明实例船厂在上述方面有提升的空间。评价结果与企业的现状符合度较好,说明评价精度较高,评价指标、标准和方法具有实用性和适用性,实现了差别化评价不同类型船厂的目标。
[Abstract]:The shipbuilding industry plays an important role in the national economy of our country and is an important part of the marine economy. The shipbuilding enterprises have a great influence on the surrounding land and sea environment. Japan and South Korea, as the strong competitors of China's shipbuilding industry, are carrying out research on "green efficiency" as the core of shipbuilding enterprises. The green development and competition that our country shipyard faces is austere. Therefore, it is urgent, important and advanced to study the construction of green shipyard. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problems such as unclear concept of green shipyard, unclear development direction, unsystematic construction and governance methods, lack of systematic evaluation indexes, evaluation methods, examples, etc. The theme of green evaluation and construction governance of shipyard is studied. First, on the basis of the theories of green economy, green manufacturing, green industry and the concept of "green shipbreaking enterprise", scientific abstract methods and cooperative theory are adopted. The concept of green shipyard is put forward systematically, and the mathematical model and development concept model are established, and the six targets of green shipyard development are condensed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the production process, pollutants and pollution sources of the shipyard, the main methods, key contents and suggestions for the construction and treatment of 12 green shipyards are put forward systematically. Thirdly, using DPSIR model and cleaner production concept and method, the evaluation index alternative library of green shipyard is established, and the overlapping analysis and screening of indicators are carried out to remove the items that do not meet the requirements. The basic index and special index of green shipyard evaluation are established, and the evaluation index system of green shipyard is constructed systematically. At the same time, on the basis of relevant conventions, regulations and standards, the evaluation index standard of green shipyard is established by using analogy method, expert consultation method, literature research method and field investigation method. Fourthly, on the basis of classification society's evaluation method of shipyard production capacity, the evaluation algorithm of green shipyard is put forward systematically by means of item-by-item evaluation method, single qualitative weighted integral method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The criteria for the classification of green evaluation grades of shipyards are established, and it is pointed out that the shipyards larger than or equal to 60 points are green shipyards, and the evaluation process is optimized. Fifthly, three shipyards of different types are selected by using the empirical research method. Based on the 10 basic evaluation indexes in the evaluation system proposed by the paper and the six special evaluation indexes of the first class, the green grades of the 3 shipyards are determined. The green evaluation results of three shipyards were analyzed and compared by using systematic analysis method: shipyards were classified as dark green (93.26 points in 2015, 94.3 points in 2016), medium green grades in shipyards (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016), and moderate green grade (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016) in shipyards; Shipbreaking yard is medium green (82.89 in 2015 and 84.6 in 2016); The "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipyard in 2016, the "ecological index" and the "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipbreaking yard in 2016 are both below 80% (evergreen level). The "production technology and equipment index" score ratio of shipbreaking yard in 2016 is 65% (light green level), indicating that there is room for improvement in the above aspects. The evaluation results are in good agreement with the present situation of the enterprises, indicating that the evaluation accuracy is high, the evaluation indexes, standards and methods are practical and applicable, and the objective of differential evaluation of different types of shipyards is realized.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U673;X76
，
本文编号：2313691
[Abstract]:The shipbuilding industry plays an important role in the national economy of our country and is an important part of the marine economy. The shipbuilding enterprises have a great influence on the surrounding land and sea environment. Japan and South Korea, as the strong competitors of China's shipbuilding industry, are carrying out research on "green efficiency" as the core of shipbuilding enterprises. The green development and competition that our country shipyard faces is austere. Therefore, it is urgent, important and advanced to study the construction of green shipyard. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problems such as unclear concept of green shipyard, unclear development direction, unsystematic construction and governance methods, lack of systematic evaluation indexes, evaluation methods, examples, etc. The theme of green evaluation and construction governance of shipyard is studied. First, on the basis of the theories of green economy, green manufacturing, green industry and the concept of "green shipbreaking enterprise", scientific abstract methods and cooperative theory are adopted. The concept of green shipyard is put forward systematically, and the mathematical model and development concept model are established, and the six targets of green shipyard development are condensed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the production process, pollutants and pollution sources of the shipyard, the main methods, key contents and suggestions for the construction and treatment of 12 green shipyards are put forward systematically. Thirdly, using DPSIR model and cleaner production concept and method, the evaluation index alternative library of green shipyard is established, and the overlapping analysis and screening of indicators are carried out to remove the items that do not meet the requirements. The basic index and special index of green shipyard evaluation are established, and the evaluation index system of green shipyard is constructed systematically. At the same time, on the basis of relevant conventions, regulations and standards, the evaluation index standard of green shipyard is established by using analogy method, expert consultation method, literature research method and field investigation method. Fourthly, on the basis of classification society's evaluation method of shipyard production capacity, the evaluation algorithm of green shipyard is put forward systematically by means of item-by-item evaluation method, single qualitative weighted integral method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The criteria for the classification of green evaluation grades of shipyards are established, and it is pointed out that the shipyards larger than or equal to 60 points are green shipyards, and the evaluation process is optimized. Fifthly, three shipyards of different types are selected by using the empirical research method. Based on the 10 basic evaluation indexes in the evaluation system proposed by the paper and the six special evaluation indexes of the first class, the green grades of the 3 shipyards are determined. The green evaluation results of three shipyards were analyzed and compared by using systematic analysis method: shipyards were classified as dark green (93.26 points in 2015, 94.3 points in 2016), medium green grades in shipyards (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016), and moderate green grade (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016) in shipyards; Shipbreaking yard is medium green (82.89 in 2015 and 84.6 in 2016); The "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipyard in 2016, the "ecological index" and the "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipbreaking yard in 2016 are both below 80% (evergreen level). The "production technology and equipment index" score ratio of shipbreaking yard in 2016 is 65% (light green level), indicating that there is room for improvement in the above aspects. The evaluation results are in good agreement with the present situation of the enterprises, indicating that the evaluation accuracy is high, the evaluation indexes, standards and methods are practical and applicable, and the objective of differential evaluation of different types of shipyards is realized.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U673;X76
，
本文编号：2313691
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