干旱与镉耦合胁迫对大豆农艺性状和生理生化的影响研究

发布时间：2023-04-16 18:32

　　干旱是影响作物生长发育的重要环境胁迫因子,导致作物产量的下降和种子品质的降低。随着工、农业生产的开展,多种污染物被释放到自然环境中,造成各种类型的土壤污染,也严重的影响了作物的生产。重金属由于其不可生物降解性和对生物的毒性,成为了自然环境中广泛存在的环境污染物。镉(Cd)是最具有毒性的重金属污染物之一。近年来,研究者们对植物的镉吸收和积累机制进行了广泛的研究,以期降低可食用的植物部位的镉浓度,保证食品安全生产。研究表明,干旱胁迫能够降低大豆对镉的吸收和转运。而关于干旱胁迫下大豆根系的调控与镉积累和转运的关系尚不明确。土壤中过量的镉含量和水分的缺乏均能够显著的影响作物的产量。因此,明确干旱胁迫对作物镉积累和转运的影响对于粮食的安全生产和产量的提高具有重要意义。本研究采用不同大豆品种进行干旱、镉及干旱和镉耦合胁迫试验,分析了不同胁迫处理对大豆植株生理、形态和镉积累及转运的影响,得到以下主要结果:1.与对照组相比较,干旱胁迫(5%和10%(W/V)PEG)和镉胁迫(0.2和0.5 mg L^-11 CdCl₂)及二者的耦合胁迫均能够显著的减少大豆植株...

【文章页数】：78 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
CHAPTER1 LITERATURE REVIEW
    1.1 BACKGROUND
    1.2 SOYBEAN AREA AND PRODUCTION
    1.3 EFFECT OF ABIOTIC STRESSES FOR SOYBEAN PRODUCTION
    1.4 DROUGHT STRESS
        1.4.1 Effects of drought stress on plant morphology
        1.4.2 Effects of drought stress on plant physiology
        1.4.3 Drought stress affects the growth rate of soybean
        1.4.4 Drought stress impacts on soybean yield
        1.4.5 How to manage crops to drought
    1.5 EFFECT OF CD STRESS ON PLANTS
        1.5.1 Effect of Cd on germination and growth of the plant
        1.5.2 Effect of Cd on crop yield
        1.5.3 Relationship with water
        1.5.4 Relationship with antioxidants
        1.5.5 Relationship with lipid peroxidation
        1.5.6 Cadmium uptake by plant
        1.5.7 Cadmium tolerance
    1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER2 INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF DROUGHT AND CADMIUM STRESSES ON ROOT MORPHOLOGY OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS
    2.1 INTRODUCTION
    2.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
        2.2.1 Plant material and treatments
        2.2.2 Data Collection
        2.2.3 Measurement of enzyme activities
        2.2.4 Statistical analysis
    2.3 RESULTS
        2.3.1 Morphological traits of soybean cultivars under PEG-induced drought and Cd stresses
        2.3.2 Cd accumulation in soybean cultivars
        2.3.3 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on antioxidant activity in soybean cultivars
    2.4 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER3 EFFECT OF PEG-INDUCED DROUGHT STRESS AND CD STRESS ON GENE EXPRESSION OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS ANALYSIS BY QRT-PCR
    3.1 INTRODUCTION
    3.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
        3.2.1 Experiment method
        3.2.2 Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)analysis
        3.2.3 Statistical analysis
    3.3 RESULTS
        3.3.1 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on ABA catabolic gene(Glyma17G242200)
        3.3.2 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on Zeatinriboside(ZR)biosynthesis genes(Glyma03G151800.1 and XM₀03550461.3)
        3.3.3 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on indole3-acetic acid(IAA)biosynthesis gene Glyma02G
        3.3.4 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on MeJA biosynthesis gene(Glyma11G007600)
        3.3.5 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress the Cd transport gene(Glyma07G023600)
        3.3.6 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress the expression of genes associated with SA biosynthesis(Glyma02G063400)and H2O
    3.4 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER4 INTERACTION OF DROUGHT AND CADMIUM STRESSES ON THE GROWTH,YIELDS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS FUNCTION OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES
    4.1 INTRODUCTION
    4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        4.2.1 Site and Description
        4.2.2 Experimental Treatments and Design
        4.2.3 Pot soil Preparation
        4.2.4 Measurements of agronomic traits and yield
        4.2.5 Measurements of net photosynthesis
        4.2.6 Measurements of enzyme activities
        4.2.7 Statistical analysis
    4.3 RESULTS
        4.3.1 Effects of drought and Cd stresses on plant growth of soybean cultivars
        4.3.2 Effects of drought and Cd stress on photosynthesis rate of soybean cultivars
        4.3.3 Effects of drought and Cd stress on antioxidative enzymes
        4.3.4 Effects of drought and Cd stress on cadmium uptake
        4.3.5 Effects of drought and Cd stress on yield traits at maturity stage
    4.4 DISCUSSION
    4.5 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER5 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
PUBLICATIONS



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