20世纪上半叶日本学者对中国数学史的研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 20:29

本文关键词：20世纪上半叶日本学者对中国数学史的研究　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪上半叶日本学者对中国数学史的研究具有较高水平,无论是对内容的理解还是对方法论的创新,他们的研究在东亚乃至世界科学史界都具有引领作用。本文选取20世纪上半叶具有代表性的四位日本学者:三上义夫、林鹤一、藤原松三郎和小仓金之助为研究对象,通过考察他们有关中国数学史的研究及其主要成果,探讨他们对中国数学史研究所产生的影响和深远意义。本文在前人工作的基础上,利用文献研究法、个案研究法、比较研究法和综合研究法,基于原始文献,解读了三上义夫、林鹤一、藤原松三郎和小仓金之助关于中国数学史研究的重要论著。本文共分六章。第1章绪论,说明了研究目的与意义、研究问题、文献综述、所采用的研究方法及拟创新之处。第2章论述了三上义夫对中国数学史的研究。通过对他的代表作《中日数学发达史》、《中国算学之特色》的介绍,基于他对《九章算术》刘徽注、宋元时期的天元术、四元术、招差法以及清代割圆术和《畴人传》等的研究,对比中国学者的研究成果,分析三上的成就主要体现在:1、对中国数学史走向世界做了开创性工作。2、在一定程度上纠正了西方学者关于中国数学的某些偏见和科学史上“西方中心论”的错误观点。3、对中国数学史的研究发挥了引领作用。4、三上对中算是和算的母体认识深刻,对和算与中算的关联研究比较透彻。5、三上提出和实践了从文化史视角研究数学史具有重要借鉴意义。第3章考察了林鹤一和藤原松三郎对中国数学史的研究工作。考察林鹤一对弧背缀术和圆周率的研究、对“几何”和“代数”词源的研究、对中国素数问题的研究,指出其成就主要体现在用现代数学来介绍中算成果,并将其与日本、西方的相关成果进行比较、联系,指出林鹤一是从数学家的角度研究数学史的。梳理了藤原松三郎对《杨辉算法》和《算法统宗》中方程式解法的研究及其对宋元明数学史史料的研究。他的成就主要体现在:1、对中算典籍的整理,特别是宋元明数学史料的整理做出了贡献,发现了我国未见到的史料《新镌启蒙便用九章算法全书》和《新镌九龙易诀算法》。2、用现代数学对中算进行算法阐释。第4章分析小仓金之助对中国数学史的研究。通过对小仓的论文《中国数学的特殊性》、《中国数学的社会性》、《极东数学国际化与产业革命》的分析,指出他的成就主要体现在:注重研究数学的社会性,从数学知识的研究演变到文化背景、社会史的研究,比中国同时代的数学史研究者的视野更加宽广。第5章对日本学者的数学史研究方法进行了探讨。概括出三上既从内史的角度研究中国数学史,又从文化史的角度研究和算史;林鹤一和藤原松三郎从内史的角度研究中国数学史;小仓首次从社会史的角度研究中国数学史。三上和小仓在方法论上的创新,在国际数学史界具有重要的意义。第6章为结语,对于四位学者研究中国数学史的动因、成就与不足、与我国学者的交流以及对中日学者的影响做了总结。主要结论如下:1.明治维新后,日本决定废和算、学洋算,因而和算日益衰退。日本数学史家三上、数学家林鹤一、藤原,数学教育家小仓是在这种时代背景下研究和算的,某种意义上是为了保护民族传统文化。他们的知识结构不同,所以他们的研究视角和研究方法不同。2.他们从事的现代意义上的中国数学史研究具有开创性,而从文化史的或社会史的视角来研究数学史,也属于科学史领域外史研究方面的先驱性工作,在科学编史学方面具有重要意义。3.他们深厚的数学功底,较强的中文文献解读能力以及使用西方语言发表数学史论文对在世界范围内传播和推动中国数学史研究发挥了重要作用。4.他们与我国学者的交流,推动了中国数学史的研究。他们的研究工作对中日学者都产生了深远影响。
[Abstract]:Study on the history of mathematics in the first half of the twentieth Century China Japanese scholars have higher level, whether it is the understanding of the content of the innovation of methodology, their research has a leading role in East Asia and the world history of science circles. This paper selects four representative of Japanese scholars in the first half of the twentieth Century: Mikami Yoshio, Lin an Fujiwara Matsumiro and Okura Kimnosuke, as the research object, through the investigation of their research on the history of mathematics Chinese and its major achievements, to explore the influence they produced to the research of the history of mathematics Chinese and far-reaching significance. Based on the former manual, using the literature research method, case study method, comparative study method and comprehensive research method, based on the original the interpretation of the literature, Mikami Yoshio, Lin, Fujiwara Matsumiro and Okura Kimnosuke on the important works in the history of Chinese mathematics. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter explains The purpose and significance of the research, research questions, literature review, research methods and innovations. The second chapter discusses the research on the history of mathematics China Mikami Yoshio. Through "Mathematics in the development history of his representative < >, > the Chinese characteristics of mathematics, based on his nine chapter arithmetic < > Liu Hui, the song and Yuan Dynasties, Tianyuan was four yuan, recruit graduate difference method and Qing cyclotomy and people pass the domain < >, research achievements of comparative analysis of three Chinese scholars, the achievement is mainly reflected in: 1, the history of mathematics to the world Chinese do pioneering work in.2. Extent corrected by western scholars China mathematics certain prejudices and the history of science," western center theory "views of.3, the study of the history of mathematics China played a leading role on the three.4, is the parent and a profound understanding of and an association study and comparison of calculation Through.5, three proposed and practice has important significance from the cultural history perspective on the history of mathematics. The third chapter reviews Lin and Fujiwara Matsumiro on the history of mathematics China research. Research on Lin Pi and back arc zhuishu, research on the "geometry" and "algebra" of etymology. The Chinese prime problem, pointing out its achievement is mainly reflected in the introduction to the results of modern mathematics, and the related achievements of western Japan, compared, pointed out that Lin one is to study the history of mathematics from the angle of mathematicians. The research on the algorithm of Yang Hui < > and < > in case of the algorithm the Fujiwara Matsumiro equations and the sort of Song Yuan Ming history of mathematics history. His achievement is mainly reflected in: 1, to calculate the classics finishing, especially mathematics Yuan Ming historical materials to make a contribution to our country found no The historical enlightenment for the new "juan nine chapter book" and "the new algorithm Juan Kowloon algorithm >.2 algorithm easy tactic, interpretation of modern mathematics is used to study the history of mathematics. China Okura Kimnosuke analysis of the fourth chapter. Through the particularity of the Chinese mathematics Ogura < >, < > social Chinese mathematics." analysis of East mathematics internationalization and industrial revolution ", pointed out that his achievement is mainly reflected in: pay attention to social research in mathematics, from the evolution of mathematical knowledge to the cultural background, the research of social history, history of mathematics Chinese than at the same time the broader horizons. The fifth chapter of Japanese scholars in the history of mathematics methods are discussed. Summarize three both from the point of the history of the study of history of mathematics Chinese, and from the angle of cultural history and history of Lin and Fujiwara Matsumiro; a study on the history of mathematics from the perspective of the history of China; for the first time from the angle of social history, Study on the history of mathematics. The three degree Chinese and Ogura innovation in methodology, has important significance in the history of the international mathematical community. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, motivation for the four scholars study China mathematics history, achievements and shortcomings, to communicate with Chinese scholars and influence on Chinese and Japanese scholars are summarized. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. after the Meiji Restoration, Japan's decision to scrap and count, and thus learn ocean is declining. Japanese historians of mathematics three, Lin Fujiwara, a mathematician, mathematics educator Ogura is research and practical in this era, the sense is to protect the traditional culture of ethnic groups. The structure of knowledge they are different, so the study of the history of mathematics study and the research methods of their different.2. they engaged in the modern China groundbreaking, and from cultural history or social history from the perspective of the history of mathematics, also belong to the field of history of Science Pioneering work on the history of the.3. has an important significance to their profound mathematical knowledge in the historiography of science, strong ability to interpret and use Chinese literature published papers on the history of mathematics in western language communication and plays an important role in their.4. and China's scholars to promote the study of history of mathematics Chinese exchanges in the world, to promote the study on the history of mathematics China. Their work had a far-reaching influence on Chinese and Japanese scholars.

【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O11

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