利用地基气辉观测对中层顶区大气重力波以及Na层气辉辐射特性的研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 06:03

本文关键词：利用地基气辉观测对中层顶区大气重力波以及Na层气辉辐射特性的研究　出处：《中国科学院国家空间科学中心》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气辉是中高层大气中产生的重要光化学现象之一。气辉辐射携带重要的光化和动力学信息,可以作为研究中高层大气特征的重要示踪剂。本文主要基于地基气辉光学观测仪,开展了以下3方面的研究工作:(1)基于OH全天空气辉成像仪观测的中国地区上空的重力波传播特性为了研究中国地区上空的重力波传播特征,我们在中国大陆组建了OH全天空气辉成像仪观测网络。其中,位于中国北方的全天空气辉观测网络是世界上第一个无缝隙的观测网络,此观测网络由6台OH全天空气辉成像仪组成,东西方向和南北方向的覆盖范围分别约为2000 km和1400 km。它们分别位于:朔州(39.8°N,112.1°E),兴隆(40.4°N,117.6°E),东港(40.0°N,124.0°E),新乡(35.7°N,113.7°E),临朐(36.2°N,118.7°E)和荣成(37.3°N,122.5°E)。本论文中,使用该网络观测数据的时间在2012年1月至2013年12月。位于富克(19.5°N,109.1°E)和桂平(23.4°N,110.1°E)台站的OH气辉成像仪也被使用来对中国低纬地区上空的重力波进行分析。位于富克和桂平台站的气辉成像仪进行观测的时间分别为2010年3月至2012年7月和2012年9月至2013年11月。同时,结合TRMM卫星观测数据,SABER/TIMED卫星观测参数,以及ECMWF、MERRA再分析资料、流星雷达和HWM-07模型的水平风场数据讨论了影响重力波传播方向各向异性的因素和中间层-低热层大气重力波的传播形态。结果表明,重力波的水平波长,观测周期和水平相速度在中国中纬和低纬地区上空具有相似的分布范围,它们分别主要分布于10-35 km,4-12 min和30-100 m/s。重力波的传播方向在中国中纬和低纬地区上空均表现出明显的季节变化。重力波在中纬地区的夏季主要沿北向传播;在冬季主要朝向赤道方向和平行于赤道方向传播。然而,重力波在低纬地区的夏季主要沿东北方向传播,在冬季主要沿东南和西南方向传播。分析也表明,中纬地区观测的重力波在夏季、春季和秋季的北向传播趋势可能主要由位于观测台站南方的对流活动导致。然而,对流层附近的急流活动可能在决定冬季重力波主要传播方向方面起到重要作用。且低层-中层大气背景风的滤波效应仅在部分季节与重力波纬向传播方向各向异性吻合较好。(2)基于东港台站的OH气辉成像仪观测数据对重力波波源的事件分析利用东港(40°N,124°E)台站于2013年15-16日晚的OH气辉成像观测数据报道了两个重力波事件(event 1和event 2)。同时,结合反射线追踪方法,通过北京十三陵(40.3°N,116.2°E)台站的多普勒流星雷达风场数据和SABER/TIMED卫星观测的温度参数分析发现,重力波event 1和event 2分别产生于(39.3°N,117.2°E)和(47.1°N,121.3°E)。结果也表明,event 1的波源位置与其附近的对流活动和大气向上向下运动过程中产生的不稳定性吻合较好。然而,event 2可能由其波源附近的对流活动或大气向上运动过程中产生的不稳定性产生。通过MERRA再分析资料分析发现,观测的两个重力波的水平相速度83.5 m/s(event 1)和80.1 m/s(event 2)远大于低层大气高度自产生源到观测位置的水平风速(-10-45 m/s)。因此,观测的重力波event 1和event 2是可能从低层大气传播到中层-低热层大气的。(3)利用地基气辉光谱仪和SABER/TIMED卫星观测数据对Na层气辉辐射特征的研究利用钠气辉仪于2011年7月至2015年3月在兴隆(40.2°N,117.4°E)台站的观测数据,对钠的相对强度(R_D)的季节分布特征进行分析。结果表明,R_D分布于1.2-2.2,其平均值为12.073.1±,且R_D在夏季的数值分布小于其它季节。同时,结合位于延庆(40.5°N,116.2°E)台站的钠激光雷达观测的钠密度参数,和位于(40.2±5.0)°N,(117.4±5.0)°E范围的SABER/TIMED卫星观测的大气参数,探究了R_D与各个大气参数之间的关系。结果表明,R_D与大气温度(T),氧原子混合比[O],臭氧分子混合比([O_3]),[O]/[O_2],或大气分子密度([M])均没有明显的关系。由于Na密度峰值高度季节平均值在夏季(小于90 km)低于其他3个季节(均高于91 km);Na密度峰值季节平均值在冬季最大,春季和秋季次之,夏季最小;且R_D的季节平均值在冬季最大,春季和秋季次之,夏季最小。分析表明,R_D的季节变化可能与Na密度峰值高度和峰值密度大小有关。另外,基于修订的Chapman辐射机制,假设R_D=AR_(D(A))+XR_(D(X))来对R_(D(A))和R_(D(X))在总的R_D中的比例进行估测,结果表明,该比例A/X≈1.0。
[Abstract]:Airglow is one of the most important photochemical phenomena in the upper atmosphere. Airglow photochemical and dynamical information important to carry, can be used as an important tracer characteristics of the upper atmosphere research. This paper is mainly based on the foundation of airglow optical observation instrument, the research work has been carried out in the following 3 aspects: (1) based on the observed OH all sky airglow imager the China area of gravity wave propagation to gravity wave propagation characteristics of Chinese over the area, we established the OH all sky airglow imager observation network in China mainland. Among them, the all sky airglow observation network in Chinese north is the world's first seamless observation network, the observation network consists of 6 sets of OH all sky airglow imager, the coverage of East-West and north-south direction are respectively 2000 km and 1400 km. respectively located in Shuozhou (39.8 ~ N, 112.1 ~ E (40),. .4 ~ N, 117.6 ~ E), Donggang (40 degrees N, 124 degrees E), Xinxiang (35.7 degrees N, 113.7 degrees E), Linqu (36.2 ~ N, 118.7 ~ E) and Rongcheng (37.3 degrees N, 122.5 degrees E). In this paper, using the observation data of the network time from January 2012 to December 2013. In Falker (19.5 ~ N, 109.1 ~ E) and Guiping (23.4 ~ N, 110.1 ~ E) OH airglow imager station is also used to gravity waves on over low latitude regions were analyzed. China airglow imager located at Falker and Guangxi PingTai Railway Station were observed time respectively. From March 2010 to July 2012 and from September 2012 to November 2013. At the same time, combined with the TRMM satellite data, SABER/TIMED satellite parameters, and ECMWF, MERRA reanalysis data, the meteor radar and the HWM-07 model of the horizontal wind field data, discussed the impact of gravity wave propagation direction of anisotropy and the middle layer and lower layer communication form air gravity waves. The results show that, The level of wavelength gravity observation cycle and horizontal phase velocity over the mid latitude and low latitude regions in China has similar distribution range, they are mainly distributed in 10-35 km, 4-12 min and 30-100 m/s. propagation direction of gravity waves in the equatorial and low latitude regions over China showed significant seasonal variation. In the summer of gravity wave middle latitude mainly along the north to spread; in winter mainly towards the equator direction parallel to the equator and the propagation direction of gravity waves in summer. However, in the low latitude regions along the Northeast spread in winter mainly along the southeast and southwest direction of propagation. The analysis also shows that the middle latitude observations of gravity waves in summer, spring and autumn the North may spread to the trend is mainly caused by convection in the observation stations in the south. However, the nearby rapids activities may be in determining the propagation direction of gravity waves in winter mainly. Play an important role. And the low layer filtering effect of middle atmospheric background wind only in some seasons and the gravity wave propagation direction of zonal anisotropy agree well. (2) the event data of OH airglow imager Donggang station of gravity wave source based on the analysis of the use of Donggang (40 ~ N, 124 ~ E) station reported two gravity wave event in OH airglow imaging observation data on the evening of 2013 15-16 (Event 1 and event 2). At the same time, combined with ray tracing method against, through the Beijing Ming Dynasty Tombs (40.3 ~ N, 116.2 ~ E) at Doppler meteor radar wind data and SABER/ TIMED satellite temperature parameter analysis event 1 and event, gravity waves were produced in 2 (39.3 ~ N, 117.2 ~ E) and (47.1 ~ N, 121.3 ~ E). The results also show that the event 1 source position and near atmospheric convection and upward downward movement produced in the process of instability however good agreement, Event 2 may be produced by convection or near its sources of atmospheric upward movement in the process of instability. The MERRA reanalysis data analysis found that the observed two gravity wave horizontal phase velocity of 83.5 m/s (1 event) and 80.1 m/s (Event 2) is far greater than the horizontal wind speed low atmospheric height production source to observe the position of the (-10-45 m/s). Therefore, gravity wave observed by event 1 and event 2 from the lower atmosphere is likely to spread to the middle - lower thermosphere. (3) research on the Na layer of airglow features using sodium airglow apparatus in July 2011 to March 2015 in the prosperous foundation airglow spectrometer and SABER/TIMED satellite observations the data (40.2 ~ N, 117.4 ~ E) observation stations, relative intensity of sodium (R_D) seasonal distribution characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the distribution of R_D in 1.2-2.2, the average value of 12.073.1 +, and R_D in the summer of numerical distribution In the other seasons. At the same time, based in Yanqing (40.5 ~ N, 116.2 ~ E) sodium lidar observations of sodium density parameters in the station and is located in (40.2 + 5) N, (117.4 + 5) SABER/TIMED satellite observations of atmospheric parameters DEG E, explore the relationship between R_D and various atmospheric parameters between. The results show that the R_D and air temperature (T), atomic oxygen mixture ratio [O], molecular ozone mixing ratio ([O_3]), [O]/[O_2], or atmospheric molecular density ([M]) had no obvious relationship. As the peak height of seasonal average Na density in summer (less than 90 km) is lower than the other 3 seasons (higher than 91 km); Na density peak seasonal average value in winter, spring and autumn, summer minimum; and the R_D season average highest in winter, spring and autumn, summer minimum. Analysis shows that the seasonal variation of R_D may be related to the density of Na peak height and peak density in size. Based on. Chapman radiation mechanism and revision of the hypothesis of R_D=AR_ (D (A) (+XR_) D (X)) to R_ (D (A)) and R_ (D (X)) in the total proportion of R_D estimation, the results show that the ratio of A/X is 1.0.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学院国家空间科学中心
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P412

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