珠江口盆地东沙隆起碳酸盐岩礁滩储层特征及预测方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 23:31

本文选题：珠江口盆地 + 碳酸盐岩礁滩　；参考：《成都理工大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：截止到2005年,全球碳酸盐岩储层油气藏储量超过全球大型油气藏总储量的50%。在国内近十年的油气勘探中,以碳酸盐岩储层为代表的大型油气藏不断涌现,如普光气田、元坝气田、塔里木奥陶系油气藏等,展示了国内碳酸盐岩储层油气藏的巨大勘探潜力。碳酸盐岩生物礁滩储层也是是南海东北部含油气盆地中油气成藏规模仅次于砂岩的储层类型,勘探潜力巨大。经过30多年的油气勘探,在珠江口盆地东沙隆起碳酸盐岩储层中先后发现了多个生物礁滩型油气藏,其中储量超过2亿吨的近海生物礁油田—LH11-1油田就是其典型代表(陈长民,2000、2003;汪瑞良等,2010a、2010b)。近十年来,在珠江口盆地勘探中未发现中-大型的碳酸盐岩油气田,究其原因是常规构造型圈闭的碳酸盐岩储层已经较少,而碳酸盐岩礁滩储层的岩性圈闭研究还没有完全跟上。然而,碳酸盐岩礁滩储层本身分布较为复杂,其中生物礁容易与火山、泥丘为代表的丘状体相混淆,而生物滩规律性更差,识别难度更大,碳酸盐岩礁滩储层研究难度显而易见。地质学领域对碳酸盐岩礁滩储层的研究一般是按照层序地层研究+沉积相研究+成岩作用研究的思路进行综合分析,成果往往对油气田勘探开发具有较强的指导意义。但这种思路要求井点数量多、岩心岩屑薄片资料丰富、露头资料典型等较多地质常备基础资料,而海上钻井成本高,钻井数量少、密度稀疏,岩心岩屑资料更是宝贵稀少,这为完全由地质思路进行海上碳酸盐岩储层综合研究带来了很大的障碍。鉴于海上特殊的地质资料条件,本文以层序地层划分(地震地层为主)+地震相分析+储层预测方法研究+地震沉积成像分析作为研究思路,将三维地震资料研究放在碳酸盐岩礁滩储层研究的突出位置,充分利用三维地震资料的纵横向分辨率,将层序界面分析成果、岩石类型分析成果和岩石物理分析成果作为碳酸盐岩储层预测依据,以多信息融合相控反演技术和地震沉积学研究思路对研究区碳酸盐岩礁滩储层进行剖析,并对碳酸盐岩礁滩储层纵横向分布进行精细刻画,利用井点岩性对地震沉积成像进行标定,最终得到可靠的而有利的碳酸盐岩礁滩储层范围及分布。这种思路优势在于少井、少地质资料的背景下,将有限的地质资料、井资料和三维地震资料充分结合,最大化、最优化利用研究区地震资料进行碳酸盐岩礁滩储层刻画,减少完全由地质思路出发研究对地质资料的过度依赖,提高碳酸盐岩礁滩储层预测方法的可靠性及预测精度。通过上述碳酸盐岩储层预测方法在研究区的应用,识别并圈定有利储集相带的台缘礁、台内礁、台内滩体的范围,其中在研究区识别出台内礁滩复合体面积超过100平方公里,厚度超过85m,为研究区最为有利的碳酸盐岩储层;台地边缘生物礁面积超过40平方公里,厚度超过50m,为研究区次有利碳酸盐岩储层。结合研究区构造特征、盖层特征、油气运移通道、烃类特征,综合分析了两个有利勘探目标,其中目标Ⅰ具有大型构造岩性复合圈闭特征,勘探潜力巨大,为后续研究区勘探提供了依据,也为类似的海上碳酸盐岩储层研究提供了可借鉴的思路和实用的技术方法。
[Abstract]:By the year of 2005, the 50%. of the global carbonate reservoir reserves exceeded the total of the global large oil and gas reserves. In the recent ten years of domestic oil and gas exploration, the large oil and gas reservoirs represented by carbonate reservoirs are constantly emerging, such as the Puguang gas field, Guangyuan gas field and the Tarim Ordovician oil and gas reservoir, showing the domestic carbonate reservoir oil and gas reservoirs. The carbonate bioreef beach reservoir is also the reservoir type of oil and gas reservoir in the petroliferous basin in the northeast of the South China Sea, and the exploration potential is huge. After more than 30 years of oil and gas exploration, many bioreef shoal reservoirs have been found in the carbonate reservoir of the East Sha long, the Pearl River Mouth Basin. The offshore reef oil field over 2 billion tons - LH11-1 oilfield is its typical representative (Chen Changmin, 20002003; Wang Ruiliang, and so on, 2010a, 2010b). In the last ten years, the middle and large carbonate oil and gas fields have not been found in the exploration of the Pearl River Mouth Basin. The reason is that the carbonate reservoir of the conventional tectonic type is less than that of the carbonate rock. The study of lithologic traps in the reservoir has not been fully followed. However, the carbonate reef beach reservoir itself is more complex, in which the reefs are easily confused with the colliculus represented by volcanoes and mud dunes, but the regularity of the beaches is worse, the difficulty of recognition is greater, and the difficulty in the study of carbonate reef Shoal Reservoir is obvious. The research of reef beach reservoir is generally analyzed in accordance with the train of thought of sequence stratigraphic study + sedimentary facies study + diagenesis research. The results often have strong guiding significance for oil and gas exploration and development. However, this idea requires more well point number, rich core cuttings thin sheet data and outcrop data, and so on. In addition, the cost of drilling at sea is high, the number of drilling is few, the density is sparse, and the data of core debris is more precious and scarce. This is a great obstacle to the comprehensive study of marine carbonate reservoir by geological thinking. In view of the special geological data conditions at sea, this paper divides the stratigraphic stratigraphic division (seismic stratigraphy mainly) + seismic facies analysis + reservoir. The study of prediction method and seismic sedimentary imaging analysis is the research idea, and the study of 3D seismic data is put on the prominent position of the study of carbonate reef beach reservoir, and the vertical and horizontal resolution of 3D seismic data is fully utilized. The results of sequence interface analysis, rock type analysis and petrophysical analysis are used as the carbonate reservoir. According to the method of multi information fusion phase control inversion and seismic sedimentology, the carbonate reef reservoir of the study area is analyzed, and the longitudinal and transverse distribution of the carbonate reef beach reservoir is fine depicted. The seismic sedimentary imaging is calibrated by the well point lithology, and the reliable and favorable carbonate reef Shoal Reservoir is finally obtained. Under the background of less well and less geological data, this train of thought will combine the limited geological data, well data and 3D seismic data to the maximum, optimize the use of seismic data in the study area to describe the carbonate reef beach reservoir, and reduce the excessive dependence on geological data from the geological train of thought. The reliability and prediction accuracy of high carbonate rock reef reservoir prediction method. Through the application of the above carbonate reservoir prediction method in the study area, the area of the platform margin reef, the inner reef and the flat beach body of the favorable reservoir facies belt are identified and delineated, in which the area of the reef beach complex is over 100 square kilometers and the thickness is over 85 in the study area. M is the most favorable carbonate reservoir in the study area. The area of the platform edge reef is over 40 square kilometers and the thickness is more than 50m. It is the second favorable carbonate reservoir in the study area. It combines the structural features of the study area, the characteristics of the cover layer, the hydrocarbon migration channel and the hydrocarbon characteristics, and comprehensively analyzes the two favorable exploration targets, among which the target I has large structure. The characteristics of lithologic complex trap and great potential for exploration provide the basis for the exploration in the follow-up study area, and provide a reference and practical technical method for the study of similar marine carbonate reservoir.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P618.13

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