智力资源显性化方法与应用研究
发布时间：2018-08-29 19:08
【摘要】：随着全球经济发展形态的不断转变,当前社会已经进入知识经济时代。智力资源,成为了一种非常特殊的社会资源,它既包括作为各种能力的技能、技巧、经验等无形资源,同时又包含智力成果和智力载体等有形资源,具有重大的社会、经济意义。在当今时代,现实生产力可以被看作是人类知识力量物化的产物。同样的,经济能否可持续增长,智力资源的储备量与转化效率都是重要的影响因素。所以,对“智力资源”的理论探索成为日益迫切的任务,而对于智力资源中的隐性知识显性化研究,更是一直以来的研究重点与难点。因此,智力资源显性化方法的系统性研究是当今智力资源管理研究工作的重要领域。本文以系统科学与系统工程为切入视角,运用系统分析的数学方法,从个人与组织两个层面的隐性知识模型评价、传播过程、量化模拟等方面对智力资源显性化问题进行了深入研究。本文的主要研究内容和创新性工作如下：(1)构建了个人与组织层面的隐性知识共享PO-TKS模型(Personal organizational level-tacit knowledge sharing model)及相应的隐性知识共享度评价指标体系。在分析个体与组织间隐性知识共享的内涵和外延,并对共享过程中遇到的障碍和共享的保障机制、隐性知识的界定等理论知识进行介绍和综述的基础上,宏观思考隐性知识共享涉及的组织体系、管理层次和环境因素,联动考虑包含隐性知识发起者、隐性知识接收者以及外部环境要素在内的影响因素,构建了个体和组织隐性知识共享模型与共享度评价指标体系,并对其评价求解。确定了智力资源隐性知识显性化程度评价是以定性赋值为主,定量计算为辅。对组织与个体的隐性知识共享模型的构建与评价提供了一种新理念。(2)建立了基于接触式的隐性知识传播过程CPCC模型(Communication process model based on contact cooperation)。首先分析隐性知识传播的内涵、特点和传播方式、规律,追踪隐性知识传播过程。其次引入接触式合作模型,并将接触式合作模型与隐性知识的传播过程进行比较分析,构建基于接触式合作的隐性知识传播模型。再次,通过隐性知识共享过程的接触式合作研究,建立知识传播量化模型,对知识传播中接受度、传染率、遗忘率、叠加性等影响因素进行计算研究。对隐性知识传播过程的构模与量化计算提供了一种新思路。(3)从个体和组织两个层面分别提出了BP (Error back propagation,误差反向传播型)和CL (Competitive learning,竞争型)神经网络模拟方法,模拟隐性知识显性化过程。以提高隐性知识的显性化传播程度,形成稳定持续激励机制为目标,综合考虑实施过程中所面临的困境和常用的激励机制模型。在CPCC模型的基础上,采用BP神经网络对个体隐性知识显性化过程进行模拟,探究系统最终的状态与稳定性,计算个体间隐性知识的共享程度；同时,在PO-TKS模型的基础上,采用CL神经网络对组织层面的隐性知识显性化过程进行模拟,寻找出对整体组织的隐性知识显性化具有决定性的影响的关键因素,同时定量计算当指标达到特定条件以后,组织的隐性知识可以完成显性化的四个阶段过程。对隐性知识显性化传播的定量观察提供了一种新方法。(4)进行了实证研究。针对本文中以CPCC模型为基础的BP神经网络模拟方法和以PO-TKS模型为基础的CL神经网络模拟方法,以三个案例进行了实际验证。首先,运用FCM (Fuzzy C- means clustering algorithm,模糊C-均值聚类算法)与CL神经网络模型进行规划,对新疆地区土地适宜耕地和适宜放牧地的分类状况通过将聚类中心作为专家隐性知识的潜在指标划分标准；其次,运用SVM(Support vector machine,支持向量机)方法对品酒师品尝红酒的案例进行分析,证明训练好的SVM模型具有替代专家评价的作用,可以将专家内含的隐性知识进行推广,并使之模型化；最后针对我国高校科研能力评估的案例进行分析,运用Hopfield模型(Hopfield network evaluation model,海氏网络评价模型),可以有效的将专家隐性知识进行整理表达,从而将其进行显性化应用及推广。
[Abstract]:With the continuous transformation of the global economic development, the current society has entered the era of knowledge-based economy. Intellectual resources have become a very special social resource, which includes not only intangible resources such as skills, skills and experience as various abilities, but also tangible resources such as intellectual achievements and intellectual carriers. It has great social significance. Economic significance. In today's era, the real productive forces can be regarded as the product of the materialization of human knowledge. Similarly, whether the economy can grow sustainably, the reserves of intellectual resources and the efficiency of transformation are important factors. Therefore, the theoretical exploration of "intellectual resources" has become an increasingly urgent task, but for the hidden intellectual resources. Therefore, the systematic study of the explicit methods of intellectual resources is an important field in the research of intellectual resources management. This paper, from the perspective of system science and system engineering, uses the mathematical method of system analysis to study the implicit aspects of individuals and organizations. The main contents and innovative work of this paper are as follows: (1) A PO-TKS model for tacit knowledge sharing at the individual and organizational levels is constructed and the corresponding model is established. The evaluation index system of tacit knowledge sharing degree.On the basis of analyzing the connotation and extension of tacit knowledge sharing between individuals and organizations,introducing and summarizing the obstacles and guarantee mechanism of tacit knowledge sharing and the definition of tacit knowledge in the process of sharing,macroscopically considering the organization system and management involved in tacit knowledge sharing. Secondly, considering the influence factors including tacit knowledge initiator, tacit knowledge receiver and external environment factors, this paper constructs tacit knowledge sharing model and evaluation index system of individual and organization, and evaluates and solves them. It provides a new idea for the construction and evaluation of tacit knowledge sharing model between organizations and individuals. (2) The CPCC model of tacit knowledge communication process based on contact is established. Secondly, the contact cooperation model is introduced, and the contact cooperation model is compared with the tacit knowledge transmission process to construct the tacit knowledge transmission model based on the contact cooperation. This paper studies the factors affecting the acceptance, contagion, forgetfulness and superposition of knowledge dissemination, and provides a new way to model and quantify the process of tacit knowledge dissemination. Neural network simulation method is used to simulate the process of tacit knowledge explicitness. In order to improve the degree of tacit knowledge explicitness transmission and form a stable and sustained incentive mechanism, the difficulties faced in the implementation process and the commonly used incentive mechanism model are comprehensively considered. The process is simulated to explore the final state and stability of the system and calculate the degree of tacit knowledge sharing among individuals. At the same time, on the basis of PO-TKS model, CL neural network is used to simulate the process of tacit knowledge dominance at the organizational level and find out the key factors that have decisive influence on the tacit knowledge dominance of the whole organization. At the same time, it quantitatively calculates the four stages of explicit knowledge when the index reaches a certain condition. It provides a new method for quantitative observation of explicit knowledge propagation. (4) The empirical study is carried out. The BP neural network simulation method based on CPCC model and the PO-TKS model are used in this paper. Firstly, FCM (Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm) and CL neural network model are used to plan the classification of land suitable for cultivated land and grazing land in Xinjiang by using cluster center as expert hidden. Secondly, the SVM (Support Vector Machine) method is used to analyze the wine tasting cases of wine tasters, which proves that the trained SVM model can replace the expert evaluation and can generalize and model the implicit knowledge contained by experts. This paper analyzes the case of scientific research capability evaluation in schools and applies Hopfield network evaluation model to organize and express expert tacit knowledge effectively so as to apply and popularize it.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：N94
，
本文编号：2212131
[Abstract]:With the continuous transformation of the global economic development, the current society has entered the era of knowledge-based economy. Intellectual resources have become a very special social resource, which includes not only intangible resources such as skills, skills and experience as various abilities, but also tangible resources such as intellectual achievements and intellectual carriers. It has great social significance. Economic significance. In today's era, the real productive forces can be regarded as the product of the materialization of human knowledge. Similarly, whether the economy can grow sustainably, the reserves of intellectual resources and the efficiency of transformation are important factors. Therefore, the theoretical exploration of "intellectual resources" has become an increasingly urgent task, but for the hidden intellectual resources. Therefore, the systematic study of the explicit methods of intellectual resources is an important field in the research of intellectual resources management. This paper, from the perspective of system science and system engineering, uses the mathematical method of system analysis to study the implicit aspects of individuals and organizations. The main contents and innovative work of this paper are as follows: (1) A PO-TKS model for tacit knowledge sharing at the individual and organizational levels is constructed and the corresponding model is established. The evaluation index system of tacit knowledge sharing degree.On the basis of analyzing the connotation and extension of tacit knowledge sharing between individuals and organizations,introducing and summarizing the obstacles and guarantee mechanism of tacit knowledge sharing and the definition of tacit knowledge in the process of sharing,macroscopically considering the organization system and management involved in tacit knowledge sharing. Secondly, considering the influence factors including tacit knowledge initiator, tacit knowledge receiver and external environment factors, this paper constructs tacit knowledge sharing model and evaluation index system of individual and organization, and evaluates and solves them. It provides a new idea for the construction and evaluation of tacit knowledge sharing model between organizations and individuals. (2) The CPCC model of tacit knowledge communication process based on contact is established. Secondly, the contact cooperation model is introduced, and the contact cooperation model is compared with the tacit knowledge transmission process to construct the tacit knowledge transmission model based on the contact cooperation. This paper studies the factors affecting the acceptance, contagion, forgetfulness and superposition of knowledge dissemination, and provides a new way to model and quantify the process of tacit knowledge dissemination. Neural network simulation method is used to simulate the process of tacit knowledge explicitness. In order to improve the degree of tacit knowledge explicitness transmission and form a stable and sustained incentive mechanism, the difficulties faced in the implementation process and the commonly used incentive mechanism model are comprehensively considered. The process is simulated to explore the final state and stability of the system and calculate the degree of tacit knowledge sharing among individuals. At the same time, on the basis of PO-TKS model, CL neural network is used to simulate the process of tacit knowledge dominance at the organizational level and find out the key factors that have decisive influence on the tacit knowledge dominance of the whole organization. At the same time, it quantitatively calculates the four stages of explicit knowledge when the index reaches a certain condition. It provides a new method for quantitative observation of explicit knowledge propagation. (4) The empirical study is carried out. The BP neural network simulation method based on CPCC model and the PO-TKS model are used in this paper. Firstly, FCM (Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm) and CL neural network model are used to plan the classification of land suitable for cultivated land and grazing land in Xinjiang by using cluster center as expert hidden. Secondly, the SVM (Support Vector Machine) method is used to analyze the wine tasting cases of wine tasters, which proves that the trained SVM model can replace the expert evaluation and can generalize and model the implicit knowledge contained by experts. This paper analyzes the case of scientific research capability evaluation in schools and applies Hopfield network evaluation model to organize and express expert tacit knowledge effectively so as to apply and popularize it.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：N94
，
本文编号：2212131
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