华北地区早二叠世群囊蕨科植物及古生态研究
发布时间：2018-11-05 19:39
【摘要】：我国华北地区的煤核植物化石丰富多样,通过本文对华北地区煤核的植物化石研究,不仅对华夏植物区群囊蕨类植物的解剖构造和系统古植物学分类有深入了解;还能从古生态学角度进行植物个体的复原,了解蕨类植物的古生态、古地理、古环境的概况,恢复植物群的生态面貌。本文重点对产自山西太原西山煤田7号煤层(早二叠世早期)和山东南部陶枣煤田16号煤层(早二叠世早期)的煤核进行详细研究,经过对标本连续揭膜和玻片的观察后,对真蕨类群囊蕨科植物进行详细的系统分类学的研究。鉴定并描述了具解剖构造的茎、叶柄、羽轴、不定根、叶生芽、孢子囊和孢子等,建立了1个新属Diodonopteris(两齿蕨属)和2个新种Diodonopteris gracilis(纤细两齿蕨)和Rhabdoxylon taiyuanense(太原棒木)。Diodonopteris的主要特征是在羽轴维管束的近轴面具有两个原生木质部束,与Botryopteridaceae(群囊蕨科)的其他属有所不同。Diodonopteris gracilis作为模式种,对其整体植物,包括营养结构和生殖结构,进行了总体研究。Rhabdoxylon taiyuanense具有简单的茎和叶柄解剖构造,对其生长习性和特殊的结构进行了讨论。本文还建立并研究了Diodonopteris cf.gracilis、Diodonopteris sp.、Rhabdoxylon sp.、Botryopteris cf.forensis,重新研究了Botryopteris tridentata。从古生态学的角度,本文重点讨论了:1)群囊蕨科植物生态习性,认为华北地区早二叠世早期煤核中的群囊蕨科植物大多为半直立或者直立生长,同时总结了影响真蕨植物生长方式的因素;2)华北地区的古地理和古环境为热带的湿润环境;3)通过埋葬学分析山西煤核中的Diodonopteris gracilis为原地埋藏,而山东煤核中的Diodonopteris cf.gracilis则为异地埋藏;4)通过数量统计,对煤核植物群落环境分析,重点推测7号煤层煤核植物群落的演替过程。华夏植物区早期薄囊蕨类真蕨植物的研究比欧美植物区还相对薄弱。本文通过对华北地区群囊蕨科植物的系统研究,丰富了华夏植物群的生物多样性,增加了群囊蕨科植物的地理分布多样性,为探究真蕨植物的演化和华北地区古生态环境提供了新的证据,在地质学、古植物学、古生态学中都具有科学的创新性。
[Abstract]:The fossil coals in North China are abundant and diverse. In this paper, not only the anatomical structure and systematic paleobotany classification of sac pteridophytes in Huaxia flora are deeply understood through the study of fossil coals in North China; From the perspective of paleoecology, we can recover individual plants, understand the paleoecology, paleogeography and paleoenvironment of ferns, and restore the ecological features of flora. In this paper, the coal cores of No. 7 coal seam (early Permian) in Xishan coalfield, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, and No. 16 coal seam (early Permian) in Taozao coalfield in southern Shandong Province are studied in detail. The systematic taxonomy of Pteridaceae was studied in detail. The anatomical structures of stem, petiole, pinnacle, adventitious root, leaf bud, sporangium and spores were identified and described. A new genus, Diodonopteris, and two new species, Diodonopteris gracilis (, are established. The main characteristics of). Diodonopteris are that there are two primary xylem bundles on the paraxial mask of plume vascular bundles. Different from other genera of Botryopteridaceae (. Diodonopteris gracilis) as model species, the whole plant, including vegetative and reproductive structures, was studied in this paper. Rhabdoxylon taiyuanense has simple anatomical structure of stem and petiole. Its growth habit and special structure are discussed. This paper also establishes and studies Diodonopteris cf.gracilis,Diodonopteris sp.,Rhabdoxylon sp.,Botryopteris cf.forensis, and restudies Botryopteris tridentata.. From the perspective of paleoecology, this paper focuses on the following aspects: 1) the ecological habits of the family Pteridaceae in North China. It is considered that most of the plants in the early Permian coal nuclei of North China are semi-erect or erect. At the same time, the factors influencing the growth pattern of Dryopteris were summarized. 2) the paleogeography and paleoenvironment of North China are tropical humid environment, 3) the Diodonopteris gracilis in Shanxi coal core is buried in situ, and the Diodonopteris cf.gracilis in Shandong coal core is buried in different places. 4) based on quantitative statistics, the environmental analysis of coal-core plant community is carried out, and the succession process of coal-core plant community in No. 7 coal seam is inferred emphatically. The study of ferns in the early stage of Cathaysian flora is relatively weak than that in Europe and America. In this paper, the systematic study on the family Pteridaceae in North China has enriched the biodiversity of the Huaxia flora and increased the geographical distribution diversity of the group. It provides new evidence for exploring the evolution of Dryopteris species and the paleoecological environment in North China, and has scientific innovation in geology, paleobotany and paleoecology.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q914
[Abstract]:The fossil coals in North China are abundant and diverse. In this paper, not only the anatomical structure and systematic paleobotany classification of sac pteridophytes in Huaxia flora are deeply understood through the study of fossil coals in North China; From the perspective of paleoecology, we can recover individual plants, understand the paleoecology, paleogeography and paleoenvironment of ferns, and restore the ecological features of flora. In this paper, the coal cores of No. 7 coal seam (early Permian) in Xishan coalfield, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, and No. 16 coal seam (early Permian) in Taozao coalfield in southern Shandong Province are studied in detail. The systematic taxonomy of Pteridaceae was studied in detail. The anatomical structures of stem, petiole, pinnacle, adventitious root, leaf bud, sporangium and spores were identified and described. A new genus, Diodonopteris, and two new species, Diodonopteris gracilis (, are established. The main characteristics of). Diodonopteris are that there are two primary xylem bundles on the paraxial mask of plume vascular bundles. Different from other genera of Botryopteridaceae (. Diodonopteris gracilis) as model species, the whole plant, including vegetative and reproductive structures, was studied in this paper. Rhabdoxylon taiyuanense has simple anatomical structure of stem and petiole. Its growth habit and special structure are discussed. This paper also establishes and studies Diodonopteris cf.gracilis,Diodonopteris sp.,Rhabdoxylon sp.,Botryopteris cf.forensis, and restudies Botryopteris tridentata.. From the perspective of paleoecology, this paper focuses on the following aspects: 1) the ecological habits of the family Pteridaceae in North China. It is considered that most of the plants in the early Permian coal nuclei of North China are semi-erect or erect. At the same time, the factors influencing the growth pattern of Dryopteris were summarized. 2) the paleogeography and paleoenvironment of North China are tropical humid environment, 3) the Diodonopteris gracilis in Shanxi coal core is buried in situ, and the Diodonopteris cf.gracilis in Shandong coal core is buried in different places. 4) based on quantitative statistics, the environmental analysis of coal-core plant community is carried out, and the succession process of coal-core plant community in No. 7 coal seam is inferred emphatically. The study of ferns in the early stage of Cathaysian flora is relatively weak than that in Europe and America. In this paper, the systematic study on the family Pteridaceae in North China has enriched the biodiversity of the Huaxia flora and increased the geographical distribution diversity of the group. It provides new evidence for exploring the evolution of Dryopteris species and the paleoecological environment in North China, and has scientific innovation in geology, paleobotany and paleoecology.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q914
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 朱家g，
本文编号：2313171
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shoufeilunwen/jckxbs/2313171.html
