唐诗翻译与越南诗歌体裁之形成及发展

发布时间：2018-02-26 14:39

本文关键词： 唐诗翻译汉字律诗喃字律诗国语字律诗借鉴模仿继承　出处：《华东师范大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：翻译因人类的交际需要而生,其作用基于人类心灵的沟通。在克服语言差异的同时,翻译还为人类交流打开通道,借助翻译,不同种族、不同国度的人民才能不断地促进人类社会的整体发展和进步。翻译文学是从跨国界、跨文化的角度划分出的一种文学类型。越中两国文化具有特殊的关系,越南翻译文学起初以最自然的方式接受中国影响。在越南文化的汉字时期,中国古典文学、诗赋等在越南广泛地流传,几乎没有语言上的障碍。喃字出现后,越南文人开始尝试将唐诗翻译成喃字诗歌,并采用越南特有的六八体诗歌体裁。这种做法使唐诗在越南不断地本土化,同时也成为有助于完善喃字语言系统的最佳策略。国语字时期,儒学思想上汉字科举考试制度被当时的法国保护政府废除,旧知识分子想挽救民族传统文学,将汉字和喃字作品翻译成国语字,在传统文学及现代文学间架上一座桥梁。因此,就越南民族的历史发展过程来讲,唐诗翻译对于越南各个语言系统的转变与完善具有不可磨灭的贡献。本文将唐诗在越南的传播分为三个主要时期,即汉字律诗时期、喃字律诗时期和国语字律诗,并分析论述了不同时期唐诗传播与翻译的基本特点,及其对越南新体诗歌体裁产生和发展的影响。由于汉字的传播,使得越南人用汉语模仿中国诗歌进行创作成为可能。越南汉字律诗是在中国唐律诗的基础上形成和发展的。创作的主要趋向是模仿唐诗,追求能够达到唐诗的标准,因此汉字律诗中有不少诗作能与唐诗相比肩。喃字律诗是越南特有的一种诗歌体裁。它在唐律诗的基础上不断发展、创新,并吸取了民族文学的精粹,成为具有越南民族特色的诗体。国语字律诗是越南国语字与中国唐诗韵律相结合的一种诗歌体裁。国语字律诗在越南诗歌的新旧争论下依然存在并发展。唐诗国语字翻译为当时不懂汉语的文人提供了不少的创作源泉,给他们的诗作增添了无穷的唐诗风韵。为了符合民族诗歌的发展,越南律诗将自己的创作植根于民族文学的沃土之中,吸取了丰富的营养,并将那些通过借鉴而吸取到的唐诗精华进行“中为越用”的加工和处理,实现了最大限度的民族化。
[Abstract]:Translation is born out of the needs of human communication, and its function is based on the communication of the human mind. While overcoming linguistic differences, translation also opens the way for human communication, with the help of translation, different races, Only people from different countries can continuously promote the overall development and progress of human society. Translation literature is a type of literature which is divided from the perspective of cross-border and cross-cultural. Vietnamese and Chinese cultures have a special relationship. Vietnamese translation literature was initially influenced by China in the most natural way. During the period of Vietnamese culture, Chinese classical literature, poetry, and so on were widely circulated in Vietnam. There was almost no language barrier. After the appearance of the Chinese characters, Vietnamese literati began to try to translate Tang poetry into their poems, and adopted the unique style of "six or eight" poetry in Vietnam. This practice made Tang poetry more and more localized in Vietnam. At the same time, it also became the best strategy to perfect the language system of Chinese characters. During the period of mandarin characters, the examination system of Chinese characters in Confucianism was abolished by the French government of protection at that time, and the old intellectuals wanted to save the traditional national literature. The translation of Chinese characters and mandarin characters into Mandarin characters provides a bridge between traditional and modern literature. Therefore, in terms of the historical development of the Vietnamese nation, Tang poetry translation has made an indelible contribution to the transformation and improvement of Vietnamese language systems. This paper divides the spread of Tang poetry in Vietnam into three main periods, namely, the period of Chinese character writing, the period of Chinese character writing and the period of mandarin writing, and analyzes the basic characteristics of the dissemination and translation of Tang poetry in different periods. And its influence on the generation and development of the new style of poetry in Vietnam. This made it possible for Vietnamese to imitate Chinese poetry in Chinese. Vietnamese legal poems of Chinese characters were formed and developed on the basis of Chinese poems of Tang Dynasty. Therefore, there are many poems in Chinese characters that can be compared with Tang poetry, which is a unique style of poetry in Vietnam. It develops and innovates on the basis of Tang Dynasty's legal poems, and draws on the essence of national literature. Mandarin poetry is a kind of poetry style which combines Vietnamese mandarin characters with the rhythm of Chinese Tang poetry. The mandarin character rhymes still exist and develop under the new and old arguments of Vietnamese poetry. The translation of Chinese characters provided a lot of creative source for the literati who did not understand Chinese at that time. Their poems have added endless charm to Tang poetry. In order to conform to the development of national poetry, Vietnamese legal poems rooted their creation in the fertile soil of national literature, absorbed rich nutrition, and processed and processed the essence of Tang poetry which had been drawn from by reference. To achieve maximum nationalization.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H44;I046

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