民航飞行员自我效能感对飞行安全绩效的作用机理研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 23:18

本文选题：航线飞行员　切入点：自我效能感　出处：《陕西师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：航线飞行员的驾驶行为受到来自自身认知能力、生理因素以及包括工作群体、组织管理、文化氛围等在内的环境因素的共同制约。近年来,航空心理学在航空事故人误研究上不仅开始注重探究个体人误背后隐藏的深层因素,同时其焦点也逐渐从技术缺陷转移到决策、态度、监督因素与组织文化等主要因素上。因此,有必要探索个人因素及组织因素的相互作用关系和作用机理及其对航线飞行安全行为的影响。本文在文献回顾的基础上,搭建了以“自我效能感一组织承诺/工作投入一飞行安全绩效”为主体的理论框架体系,并开展了三个研究。研究一为访谈研究,是为进一步证实研究自我效能感影响飞行安全绩效路径的必要性。研究二采用自我效能感、工作投入、组织信任、组织承诺、飞行安全绩效等信效度较高的测评工具对143名航线飞行员进行了调查,并对测评工具进行验证性因素分析,对调查数据进行描述性统计、相关性分析、回归分析、结构方程建模,对研究假设进行了检验。研究三发展了一套飞行员自我效能感内隐测试和组织信任/组织效能感内隐测试,结合自我审查的安全绩效评估对44名航线飞行员进行了评定,最终在内隐研究视野下确定飞行自我效能感对飞行安全的作用机理。结果显示:1.自我效能感对组织承诺、工作投入和组织信任有直接正向作用。自我效能感对安全绩效有直接效应,也会通过对组织信任的直接作用影响安全绩效;同时,自我效能感还会通过对组织承诺、工作投入的直接作用间接影响安全绩效。2.在自我效能感对安全绩效的作用中以及自我效能感对组织承诺、工作投入的作用中组织信任均是重要的中介变量,其在自我效能感作用中的部分中介效应得以验证。3.组织信任对组织承诺、工作投入有正向效应,组织承诺、工作投入对安全绩效也有正向促进作用,组织信任还直接对安全绩效产生影响,组织承诺、工作投入在两者间有部分中介作用。4.飞行自我效能感及对组织信任/组织效能感的IAT效应较强,内隐的飞行员自我效能感同样与飞行安全绩效紧密关联,同时内隐组织信任也与飞行安全绩效相关显著。结论:在外显和内隐层面,飞行员个人的自我效能感可直接作用于飞行安全绩效,也可以通过组织途径影响飞行安全绩效。最后,根据本研究的结果,结合国内航空公司对飞行安全的实际需要,针对管理方式、组织环境建设、职业生涯规划等方面提出了建议。
[Abstract]:Airline pilots' driving behavior is restricted by their own cognitive ability, physiological factors and environmental factors, including work group, organization and management, cultural atmosphere and so on.In recent years, aviation psychology has not only begun to pay attention to the deep factors behind individual human error, but also gradually shifted its focus from technical defects to decision-making and attitude.Supervision factors and organizational culture and other main factors.Therefore, it is necessary to explore the interaction and mechanism of individual and organizational factors and their influence on flight safety behavior.On the basis of literature review, this paper sets up a theoretical framework based on "self-efficacy, organizational commitment, work commitment and flight safety performance", and carries out three studies.The first is an interview study to further confirm the necessity of self-efficacy influencing flight safety performance path.In the second study, 143 airline pilots were investigated with self-efficacy, job engagement, organizational trust, organizational commitment, flight safety performance, etc.Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis, structural equation modeling are used to test the research hypotheses.In study 3, a set of implicit tests of pilots' self-efficacy and organizational / organizational efficacy were developed, and 44 airline pilots were evaluated with self-censoring safety performance evaluation.Finally, the mechanism of flight self-efficacy on flight safety is determined from the perspective of implicit research.The result is 1: 1.Self-efficacy has direct positive effects on organizational commitment, work commitment and organizational trust.Self-efficacy has a direct effect on security performance, and also affects security performance through the direct effect of organizational trust. At the same time, self-efficacy also indirectly affects security performance through the direct effect of commitment to organization and work involvement. 2.In the role of self-efficacy on security performance, self-efficacy on organizational commitment, work involvement in the role of organizational trust is an important intermediary variable, its self-efficacy in the role of part of the intermediary effect can be verified. 3.Organizational trust has a positive effect on organizational commitment, organizational commitment and work commitment have a positive effect on security performance, organizational trust also has a direct impact on security performance, organizational commitment.The work engagement has the partial intermediary function between the two. 4.The IAT effect of flight self-efficacy and organizational trust / organizational efficacy was strong. The implicit self-efficacy of pilots was also closely related to flight safety performance, and implicit organizational trust was also significantly related to flight safety performance.Conclusion: at the explicit and implicit levels, the individual self-efficacy of pilots can directly affect flight safety performance, and can also affect flight safety performance through organizational approach.Finally, according to the results of this study, combined with the actual needs of domestic airlines for flight safety, the paper puts forward some suggestions on management mode, organizational environment construction, career planning and so on.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B842

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