罗马海外殖民城市的建设及其影响

发布时间：2018-04-30 00:10

本文选题：罗马 + 海外殖民城市　；参考：《东北师范大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：“光荣属于希腊,伟大属于罗马”。罗马缘何伟大?也许是其难以企及的“世界性帝国”的霸权地位及其为人类文明的发展所做的贡献。罗马海外殖民城市出现于罗马向地中海世界进行扩张的大征服时代,彼时罗马已步入共和体制的衰亡期,由于时局与形势所迫,海外殖民经历了艰难的起步阶段,但终在恺撒与奥古斯都时期达于全盛。海外殖民城的始建与兴盛期恰好也是罗马国家向帝国迈进、并最终成为“伟大”的罗马帝国的时期。罗马的殖民城市在意大利半岛以外的地区“开花结果”,这些“果实”对罗马文明的“伟大”做出了哪些贡献?本文实际上就是对此问题进行的一些探究。由于共和晚期和帝国早期是罗马海外殖民的关键时期,而罗马帝国的发展及其在所知世界内的称霸、罗马文明的成长以及与其他文明的融合也都与这一时期有着密切的联系,因此本文的时间断限将主要集中在这一时期。本文由引言、正文四章和结语三部分组成。第一章主要阐释罗马海外殖民城市兴衰的过程和原因,并试图分析罗马殖民城市在每个阶段中的特点,以便更好地理解海外殖民城市在罗马历史重要时期所产生的影响。第二章主要从政治领域阐释罗马海外殖民城市对相关体制的传播。海外殖民城市一经建立,罗马的城市管理体制便率先得到运用,并传播出去,与此同时,对殖民者的安置与管理使罗马公民权与罗马法得到了扩展与传播。第三章主要阐释海外殖民城市对罗马帝国经济发展所做的贡献。海外殖民城市自萌芽之初就具备了便于发展经济的新特征,恺撒与奥古斯都的大规模殖民又使这一特征突显出来。殖民城市的建立不仅带动了罗马海外道路系统的开发,而且影响了地方农业、工商业以及建筑业的发展,尤其对省际贸易往来和整个地中海的总体经济繁荣有所益处。更重要的是,随着海外殖民城市的建立,罗马帝国的城市化水平得到提升,城市化进程的展开又刺激帝国经济的发展。第四章主要从语言、文化和宗教等方面阐释海外殖民城市对罗马文明发展的影响。殖民城市是传播罗马文明的强大平台,这种传播不一定是罗马当局强制进行的,而更可能是由于殖民城市的建立自然发生的,正因如此,罗马文明的成分才得以保留在世界各地。结语对全文略作总结,并尝试从理论层面分析殖民城市在罗马帝国的发展中,以及罗马文明与其他文明的交往当中的意义。
[Abstract]:Glory belongs to Greece and greatness to Rome. Why is Rome great? Perhaps its unreachable hegemony of the world empire and its contribution to the development of human civilization. The Roman overseas colonial city appeared in the great conquest era of Rome's expansion into the Mediterranean world. At that time, Rome had entered the declining period of Republican system. Because of the situation and situation, overseas colonization experienced a difficult initial stage. But in the days of Caesar and Augustus it was at its height. The founding and prosperity of overseas colonial cities coincided with the period when the Roman state moved towards the empire and finally became the "great" Roman Empire. The colonial city of Rome "bloomed" outside the Italian peninsula. What contribution did these fruits make to the "greatness" of Roman civilization? In fact, this paper is some research on this issue. Since the late Republic and the early Empire were crucial periods for Roman colonization abroad, the development of the Roman Empire and its hegemony in the world as well as the growth and integration of the Roman civilization with other civilizations were closely related to that period. Therefore, the time limit of this paper will be mainly concentrated in this period. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, four chapters and conclusion. The first chapter mainly explains the process and reasons of the rise and fall of Roman colonial cities abroad, and tries to analyze the characteristics of Roman colonial cities in each stage in order to better understand the influence of overseas colonial cities in the important period of Roman history. The second chapter mainly explains the spread of Roman colonial cities from the political field. As soon as the overseas colonial city was established, the Roman city management system was first applied and spread out. At the same time, the settlement and management of the colonists made the Roman citizenship and Roman law spread and spread. The third chapter mainly explains the contribution of overseas colonial cities to the economic development of Roman Empire. Overseas colonial cities have had a new characteristic of economic development since the beginning of their germination, which was highlighted by the large-scale colonization of Caesar and Augustus. The establishment of colonial cities not only led to the development of Rome's overseas road system, but also affected the development of local agriculture, industry and commerce, as well as construction, especially for inter-provincial trade and the overall economic prosperity of the Mediterranean Sea as a whole. More importantly, with the establishment of overseas colonial cities, the level of urbanization of the Roman Empire was raised, and the development of the urbanization process stimulated the development of the imperial economy. Chapter four mainly explains the influence of overseas colonial cities on the development of Roman civilization from the aspects of language, culture and religion. Colonial cities are a powerful platform for the spread of Roman civilization, which is not necessarily imposed by the Roman authorities, but is more likely to occur naturally as a result of the establishment of colonial cities, which is why, The Roman civilization was preserved around the world. The conclusion summarizes the full text and tries to analyze the significance of the colonial city in the development of the Roman Empire and the communication between the Roman civilization and other civilizations.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K126

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