资源协同视域下大学生创业能力影响因素与发展机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 19:15

  本文关键词：资源协同视域下大学生创业能力影响因素与发展机制研究　出处：《江苏大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 创业能力 资源协同 能力要素 影响因素 发展机制

【摘要】：创新创业已经上升为国家战略,随着我国鼓励创新创业的相关措施陆续实施,民众的创业精神正在焕发,“大众创业、万众创新”、“草根创业”的新浪潮正在涌动。大学生是创新创业的生力军,也是国家创新驱动战略的中坚力量,国家正投入系列资源以推动大学生创新创业工作蓬勃开展,而创新创业工作深入推进的一个关键环节就是提高大学生创业能力。本文以联系与发展、竞争与共生、协同与演化的思想为先导,以创业过程理论、行动学习理论、人力资源理论、职业能力开发理论、资源协同理论等社会学、管理学、教育学理论为指引,采用文献分析、深度访谈与问卷调查结合、理论分析与实证研究结合、定性分析与量化模型结合的研究方法,就大学生创业能力及其发展资源开展研究。首先,对创业、大学生创业、大学生创业能力、大学生创业能力发展资源、协同、资源协同等本文核心概念,依据自身的研究标的进行了界定,并对美、英、新、印、台等具有典型性或可比性的国家、地区的大学生创业能力及其发展资源进行调研分析,凝练对后续研究的启示与借鉴。其次,通过实践凝练、深度访谈和成果借鉴,设计大学生创业通用能力、专业能力、机会能力量表,并利用实证数据证实量表的有效性和可靠性,探索大学生创业能力9个要素之间的类型及层次的差异,由此创新性构建以机会能力为引领的大学生创业能力要素类锥状体结构模型,并结合理论假设和工作实际,分析结构模型的演化规律,产生对能力培育的路径指导。再次,设计大学生创业能力发展资源、大学生创业能力发展资源利用情况量表,将现有的各类资源进行梳理,明确对创业能力发展具有潜在或显在提升作用的资源要素,同样利用实证数据检验量表信度与效度,检验结构模型的拟合情况和模型变量间的关系假设,利用实证方法科学判断各类资源对大学生创业能力的直接或间接作用、作用力大或小,探明社会各界创业能力发展资源分别影响大学生创业通用能力、专业能力、机会能力的路径与效应。然后,分析当前我国大学生创业能力发展资源协同的内在逻辑关系和资源内生动力,分析大学生创业能力发展资源的协同主体、平台、关系及模式等,从而在前文分析单类资源可影响能力发展的基础上,探索资源科学配置、形成合力,协同推动大学生创业能力发展的新机制。由此,不仅分析了大学生创业能力如何构成,而且探索了每个构成要素如何受各界资源的影响,更进一步探索了各界资源如何协同共促,为大学生创业能力发展机制形成了多维度、多视角的理论基础。最后,阐述大学生创业能力发展过程中的基本规律,以大学生创业能力结构要素、影响因素及其发展资源的协同路径为研究基础,构建“纵横有道”的大学生创业能力发展机制,并且进一步融合当前工作实际,为大学生创业能力培育和发展提供了对策建议。研究表明,大学生创业能力可分成通用能力、专业能力、机会能力3类,其中,通用能力由自控能力、学习能力、沟通能力、应变能力4个能力要素构成,位于创业能力结构中的最底端,趋于隐性;专业能力由领导能力、经营能力、理财能力、创新能力4项能力要素构成,位于创业能力结构中的中层,趋于显性;机会能力位于创业能力结构的最顶端,也趋于显性,是创业行为发生的关键,并引领创业活动的方向。大学生创业能力的发展需要良好的外界环境和条件,社会各界创业能力发展资源及其被利用对其影响很大。其中,对通用能力、专业能力影响的效应从高到低为社会网络资源、实践实训资源、教育教学资源、政策文化资源;对机会能力影响的效应从高到低为社会网络资源、教育教学资源和实践实训资源。此外,各类创业能力发展资源或直接影响大学生创业能力发展,或须经利用后间接影响大学生创业能力发展。其中,政策文化资源间接影响通用能力、专业能力,但对机会能力无影响;社会网络资源间接影响通用能力,对专业能力、机会能力既间接影响也直接影响;实践实训资源对通用能力、专业能力、机会能力均是既间接影响也直接影响;教育教学资源直接影响各类创业能力。既然资源影响作用大,那么实现资源协同共促尤为必要,大学生创业能力发展有其需要依据的创业过程规律、要素结构规律、人才培养规律、资源交互规律,而创业能力发展资源本身也存在协同的内生动力、模式路径等,将其有效结合起来,从跨学科、跨课堂的创业教学体系,立体化、塔式的实践育人体系,开放式、集聚型的社会促进体系,以及一体化、辐射性的政策文化体系等方面优化大学生创业能力发展机制将大有可为。
[Abstract]:Innovation and entrepreneurship has risen as a national strategy, with the relevant measures in China to encourage innovation and entrepreneurship implemented, people's entrepreneurial spirit is full, "public entrepreneurship, innovation", "entrepreneur" sina tide is surging. College students are main force for innovation and entrepreneurship, is the backbone of the national innovation driven strategy, the country is put into a series of resources to promote innovation and entrepreneurship students work vigorously, a key part of the work to further promote innovation and entrepreneurship is to improve students' entrepreneurial ability. Based on the connection and development, competition and symbiosis, cooperation and evolution of thought as the guide, in the entrepreneurial process theory, action learning theory, human resources theory, theory of occupation ability development. Resource coordination theory of sociology, management science, education theory as guidance, using literature analysis, depth interview and questionnaire investigation combined with theoretical analysis and An empirical study on the combination of research methods, combining qualitative analysis and quantitative model, the resource of College Students' entrepreneurial ability and the development of research. First of all, on entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ability, entrepreneurial ability development resources, collaboration, resource collaboration in this paper core concept, based on their own research targets were defined, and the the United States, Britain, new, India, Taiwan and other typical or comparable countries, the investigation and analysis of College Students' entrepreneurship development area and its resources, concise enlightenment for further study and reference. Secondly, through the practice of concise, in-depth interviews and reference design, students general ability, professional ability, ability of opportunity the scale, and the use of empirical data to confirm the validity and reliability of the scale, to explore students' entrepreneurial ability between 9 elements of the type and level of difference, thus to build innovative opportunities The ability for college students' Entrepreneurship elements cone structure model of lead, combined with the theoretical hypothesis and practical analysis, evolution of structure model, the path guidance ability. Thirdly, the design of College Students' entrepreneurship development resources, entrepreneurial ability development resource utilization scale, the existing resources to combing, clear on the entrepreneurship development has the potential to significantly enhance the role of resources or in the same, using empirical data to test reliability and validity, assuming the relationship test structure model fitting and model variables, scientific judgment of direct or indirect effects of various kinds of resources of College Students' entrepreneurial ability by using empirical methods, force big or small proven, community entrepreneurship development resources respectively affect the entrepreneurship of college students general ability, professional ability, path and effect. However, the opportunity ability After the analysis of China's current college students' entrepreneurship development resources collaborative internal logical relation and resources of endogenous motivation, cooperative subject, college students' entrepreneurship development resources analysis platform, relationship and mode, the foundation to analyze the single resource in the above can affect the ability of development, allocation of resources science, and concerted efforts, new the mechanism of collaboration to promote students' entrepreneurial ability development. Thus, not only analyzes how students' entrepreneurial ability, and explore the factors from all walks of life to each resource, to further explore the world how resources of mutual promotion, the formation of multi dimension for college students' entrepreneurship development mechanism, the theoretical basis of multi angle. Finally, the basic rule expounds the development process of College Students' entrepreneurial ability of College Students' entrepreneurial ability, the elements of the structure, influence factors and development path of cooperative resources. In the paper, construction of "College Students' entrepreneurship development mechanism aspect, and further integration of a" current actual work, and provided suggestions for college students' entrepreneurial ability cultivation and development. The study shows that the students' entrepreneurial ability can be divided into general ability, professional ability, ability of opportunity class 3, which, by the general ability of self-control ability, learning ability. Communication ability, strain capacity constitute 4 components, the bottom is located in the structure of the entrepreneurial ability tends to be recessive; professional ability by the leadership ability, management ability, management ability, innovation ability of 4 element, in the structure of enterprise capability in the middle, tends to be dominant; the top opportunity ability is located in entrepreneurial ability structure that tends to be dominant, is the key to entrepreneurial behavior, entrepreneurial activity and leading direction. Good external environment conditions and development needs of College Students' entrepreneurial ability, the society Community development resources and entrepreneurial ability by use of its great influence. Among them, the general ability, professional ability effects from high to low social practice cyber source, resources, education resources, policy of cultural resources; the opportunity ability effects from high to low social education resources and cyber source. The practice of training resources. In addition, all kinds of entrepreneurship development resources or directly affect the development of College Students' entrepreneurial ability, or subject to use after the indirect effect of College Students' entrepreneurship development. Among them, the policy of cultural resources indirectly affect the general ability, professional ability, but has no effect on the ability of social opportunities; cyber source indirect effects of general ability, professional ability, not only indirect effects of opportunity capability has a direct impact on the general ability; practice training resources, professional ability, ability is not only opportunity indirect effect has a direct impact on education and teaching resources; The source directly affects all types of business ability. Since the resource effect, then realize the resource of mutual promotion is necessary, there is the need for entrepreneurial process law of College Students' entrepreneurship development, factor structure rules and training rules, rules of resource interaction, entrepreneurship development and resource itself there is synergy of internal power, mode and path so, it will effectively combine from the interdisciplinary, cross class entrepreneurship teaching system, three-dimensional, tower practice education system, open cluster social promotion system, and the integration of cultural policy aspects of radiation system optimization of College Students' entrepreneurship development mechanism will have a brilliant future.

【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G647.38;F279.2
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本文编号：1393880