永磁同步电机直接转矩控制优化研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 17:00

本文关键词：永磁同步电机直接转矩控制优化研究　出处：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机(PMSM)由高性能永磁材料提供励磁,它具有高效率、高功率密度等突出优点,成为近年来研究的热点,现在航天、汽车、工业生产等领域多采用该电机。永磁同步电机控制方法中直接转矩控制(DTC)是继矢量控制之后一种非常重要的控制方法,该方法具有响应速度快、结构简易、鲁棒性强等特点,但也存在转矩脉动大等问题,因此本文主要针对电磁转矩脉动大的问题展开优化研究。本文首先介绍了永磁同步电机以及直接转矩控制方法的现状与发展趋势,推导出了永磁同步电机数学模型,找出各个模型之间转化关系,然后对传统永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统进行了模型的建立,研究分析得到其具有响应速度快的特点但同时存在脉动大等不足。针对以上问题,本文主要从两个方向对其转矩脉动大这一问题展开了研究:第一是从控制方法出发,就磁链滞环、转矩滞环形式单一问题展开研究,采用模糊控制器代替滞环控制器,该控制器从Matlab模糊控制箱模块进行搭建,仿真分析得出结论,这对于DTC系统转矩脉动大具有一定的改善作用;第二是从系统本身出发,本文将空间矢量脉宽调制技术(SVPWM)引入到PMSM DTC系统中,采用了基于SVPWM的直接转矩控制的方案,这可以从根本上解决传统DTC存在的问题。然后采用Matlab/Simulink工具对SVPWM DTC系统进行了仿真,并比照传统DTC的仿真结果验证了基于SVPWM DTC的优越性。
[Abstract]:PMSM (permanent Magnet synchronous Motor) is excited by high performance permanent magnet material. It has many outstanding advantages such as high efficiency, high power density and so on. The direct torque control (DTC) is a very important control method after vector control, which has high response speed. The structure is simple, the robustness is strong, but there are some problems such as large torque ripple and so on. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on the optimization of electromagnetic torque ripple. Firstly, this paper introduces the current situation and development trend of permanent magnet synchronous motor and direct torque control methods. The mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is derived and the transformation relationship between the models is found. Then the model of traditional PMSM direct torque control system is established. Through the research and analysis, it is found that it has the characteristics of fast response speed but at the same time, there are some shortcomings, such as large pulsation, etc. In this paper, the torque ripple is studied in two directions. The first is to study the hysteresis of flux chain and the single form of torque hysteresis from the control method. The fuzzy controller is used to replace the hysteresis controller. The controller is built from the Matlab fuzzy control box module. The simulation results show that the fuzzy controller can improve the torque ripple of the DTC system. Second, from the system itself, this paper introduces the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology into the PMSM DTC system, and adopts the scheme of direct torque control based on SVPWM. This can fundamentally solve the problems existing in traditional DTC. Then the SVPWM DTC system is simulated with Matlab/Simulink tools. Compared with the simulation results of traditional DTC, the superiority of DTC based on SVPWM is verified.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341;TP273

【参考文献】