基于GIS技术与极限平衡法对边坡稳定性分析

发布时间：2018-01-20 16:34

本文关键词： 延边州地区 3S技术 DEM 极限平衡法边坡稳定性致灾因子　出处：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国经过地史漫长的演化,地质结构随之复杂化,因此极易发生地质灾害。由于极端的气候和社会经济条件的影响,现今的情况更不容乐观。在今后相当长的时间内,我国的地质灾害将呈现发展趋势。截止2015年底,全国经调查发现突发地质灾害隐患点共28.9万处,至少威胁了 1917万人和4858亿元财产的安全。国务院也曾在2011年颁布过《关于加强化质灾害防治工作的决定》,明确了建立健全调查评价、监测预警、治理搬迁、应急四个体系的核心任务。经过几年的努力,以群测群防为主,专业监测为辅的地质灾害监测预警体系目前已经初步构建。截至2015年底,群测群防体系将全国2020个山地丘陵区县(区、市)已查明地质灾害隐患点全部纳入。群测群防员人数达2万;先后在三峡库区、四川省雅安市、重庆市巫山县、云南省哀牢山地区、陕西省延安市、福建省闽东南等地区开展了单体灾害专业监测和区域预警研究;汛期的地质灾害气象预警也在全国30个省(自治区、直辖市)、323个市、1880个县相继开展。地质灾害监测预警工作的目标是针对不宜进行工程治和搬迁避让措施的地质灾害及潜在地质灾害危险区,通过排查、监测、预警等非工程措施,最大限度避免和减少灾害损失。目前地质灾害监测预警工作虽取得了一定成效,但是地质灾害调查、监测、预警之间融合不够,一方面地质灾害调查与监测预警脱节,专业监测点的选择主要考虑灾害体的危险性,较少考虑调查成果中形成的对区域地质灾害分布规律和发育特征的认识,第二方面单体灾害监测成果与区域诱灾因素阈值研究结合不够,未能对地质灾害预警工作提供支撑,可见依然存在薄弱环节。综上背景所述为探索解决目前边坡稳定性分析研究方法及监测预警工作中存在的不足,本论文以吉林省延边州地区延吉市延边大学校内山体及和龙镇天宝山为实验区,在充分研究目前已有的资料基础上,采用3S技术,以多尺度DEM和多元高精度遥感图像通过研究区地质灾害信息的遥感图像数字处理和解译及野外实地调查验证,查明了实验区地质灾害性状特点及空间分布特征,并在此基础上采用极限平衡法(GEO-S1OPE)对研究区潜在突发性山体滑坡进行危险性区划与评价。
[Abstract]:The geological structure of our country is complicated by the long evolution of the geological history, so it is easy to occur geological disasters, because of the influence of extreme climate and social and economic conditions. The present situation is not optimistic. In the future for a long time, the geological hazards in China will show a trend of development. Until end of 2015, the national investigation found a total of 289,000 geological hazards hidden danger points. It threatened the safety of at least 19.17 million people and 485.8 billion yuan of property. In 2011, the State Council issued the decision on strengthening the Prevention and Control of Chemical disasters, which clearly established a sound investigation and evaluation. Monitoring and warning, governance relocation, emergency response of the core tasks of four systems. After several years of efforts, the main focus on group testing and prevention. The geological hazard monitoring and early warning system supplemented by professional monitoring has been preliminarily constructed. As of end of 2015, the group survey and prevention system will have 2020 mountainous and hilly counties (districts) in the country. City) has been found out the hidden danger of geological hazards all included. The number of group survey group prevention staff reached 20,000; In the three Gorges Reservoir area, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province, Wushan County, Chongqing, Ailaoshan District, Yunnan Province, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, and Southeast Fujian Province, special disaster monitoring and regional early warning research have been carried out. There are 323 cities in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in the flood season. The goal of geological hazard monitoring and early warning work is to investigate and monitor geological hazards and potential geological hazard risk areas which are not suitable for engineering treatment and relocation and avoidance measures. Early warning and other non-engineering measures to avoid and reduce disaster losses. Although the current geological disaster monitoring and early warning work has achieved certain results, but geological hazards survey, monitoring, early warning integration is not enough. On the one hand, the geological hazard investigation and monitoring and early warning are disjointed. The selection of professional monitoring points mainly considers the hazard of the disaster body, and less considers the understanding of the regional geological hazard distribution law and development characteristics formed in the survey results. The second aspect of the single disaster monitoring results and regional disaster threshold research is not enough to provide support for geological hazards early warning work. It is clear that there are still weak links. In order to explore and solve the current slope stability analysis and research methods and monitoring and early warning work shortcomings are discussed in the above background. This paper takes the mountain body of Yanbian University and Tianbao Mountain of Helong Town as the experimental area in Yanbian University of Yanbian City Jilin Province. On the basis of fully studying the existing data 3s technology is adopted. Multi-scale DEM and multivariate high-precision remote sensing images were used to process and interpret remote sensing images of geological hazard information in the study area and field investigation was carried out. The characteristics and spatial distribution of geological hazards in the experimental area are found out, and on the basis of this, the potential sudden landslides in the study area are zoned and evaluated by using the limit equilibrium method (GEO-S1OPEE).
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P208;TU43

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