基于ZigBee的奶牛体征监测系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-24 23:40

本文关键词： 奶牛体征检测传感器节点协调器节点 ZigBee 温度传感器三轴加速度传感器　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在传统奶牛饲养过程中,一般通过人力低效率饲养,只能够通过饲养员发现和记录奶牛的成长、患病、妊娠和发情等身体特征数据。然而,随着规模化、集约化养殖的快速发展,传统方式无法准确测知牛只个体身体特征数据,且遗漏数据或因个人经验判断失误导致做出错误决策的情况时有发生。国内外研究基于无线传感器的奶牛体征信息检测及健康管理系统,并取得了许多成果,但目前仍存在体温数据不准确、节点体积较大等问题。为了实现奶牛体温、运动量等体征信息的实时监测,本文研究基于ZigBee的奶牛体征监测节点设计,拟部署在奶牛畜牧场中,利用传感器节点实时监测每只奶牛的信息,经路由节点将数据通过串口上传至PC进行数据处理,汇集每头牛的实时数据,可为养殖者提供决策依据。本文的主要工作和结论如下:(1)在对比、分析常见无线组网技术优缺点的基础,确定了硬件软件系统的奶牛体征数据采集方案。采用基于2.4GHz频段的CC2530芯片作为实现整个网络自组网的核心芯片,负责网络数据的发送和接收,并且针对温度传感器及三轴加速度传感器的应用场景进行了选型,对传感器节点硬件和协调器节点硬件的相关技术要求进行了论述。(2)设计、开发了奶牛运动与体征监测节点。详细论述了整个信息传输系统中各个模块、节点硬件的具体参数和电路设计过程。主要阐述了同时应用在传感器节点和协调器节点电路上的CC2530整体模块电路、CC2530的供电及I/0针脚滤波电路、SMA天线收发电路、传感器底板电路、电源供电模块、LED指示灯电路以及各传感器的工作配合电路、协调器节点底板电路、RS232串口以及USB转串口电路的设计。(3)设计、开发了网络化奶牛个体信息传输软件系统。在对Z-Stack协议分析的基础上设计了传感器电路驱动程序、协调器组网子函数和传感器节点发送函数,实现协调器对数据网络的建立、传感器节点加入与退出管理、传感器检测数据的实时获取、各节点发送对协调器数据的发送以及串口上传给PC的功能。(4)在完成节点硬件设计及软件设计的基础上,对于数据网络采集传输系统进行了功能测试,测试结果表明,系统成功获取了传感器的温度、加速度数据,并通过协调器上传给计算机设备,在LabVIEW监测软件上获得了节点测得的数据。经过测试,节点在正常距离的数据传输过程中,丢包率低于5%,信号强度在-33dBm~-75dBm之间,可以符合使用需求。
[Abstract]:In the traditional dairy cattle breeding process, generally through human inefficiency feeding, only through the breeders to find and record cow growth, illness, pregnancy and estrus and other physical characteristics. However, with the scale. With the rapid development of intensive farming, the traditional method can not accurately measure the body characteristics of cattle. And the omission of data or the error of personal experience leads to the making of wrong decisions. Domestic and foreign research based on wireless sensors based on the signs of dairy cattle information detection and health management system, and achieved a lot of results. However, there are still some problems such as inaccurate body temperature data, large node size and so on. In order to realize real-time monitoring of physical information such as body temperature and exercise volume of dairy cows. This paper studies the design of dairy cow physical sign monitoring node based on ZigBee, which is to be deployed in dairy cattle pastures, and the sensor node is used to monitor the information of each cow in real time. The routing node uploads the data to PC through the serial port for data processing, collects the real-time data of each cow, can provide the decision basis for the breeders. The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) contrast. The advantages and disadvantages of common wireless networking technologies are analyzed. The data acquisition scheme of dairy cow sign is determined in the hardware and software system. The CC2530 chip based on 2.4 GHz band is used as the core chip to realize the whole network ad hoc network. Responsible for the network data transmission and reception, and for the temperature sensor and three-axis acceleration sensor application scenarios are selected. The related technical requirements of sensor node hardware and coordinator node hardware are discussed. The cow movement and sign monitoring node is developed. Each module of the whole information transmission system is discussed in detail. The specific parameters of node hardware and the circuit design process. This paper mainly describes the CC2530 integrated module circuit which is used in the sensor node and coordinator node circuit at the same time. CC2530 power supply and I / 0 pin filter circuit SMA antenna transceiver circuit, sensor bottom circuit, power supply module CC2530 indicator lamp circuit and the work of each sensor circuit. The design of RS232 serial port and USB to serial port circuit. Based on the analysis of Z-Stack protocol, the driver of sensor circuit, the network function of coordinator and the sending function of sensor node are designed. It realizes the establishment of the data network by the coordinator, the join and exit management of the sensor node, and the real-time acquisition of the sensor detection data. On the basis of the hardware design and software design of the node, the function test of the data acquisition and transmission system of the data network is carried out on the basis of the sending of the data to the coordinator and the function of uploading the serial port to the PC. The test results show that the system has successfully acquired the temperature and acceleration data of the sensor and uploaded it to the computer equipment through the coordinator. The data measured by the node are obtained on the LabVIEW monitoring software. After testing, the packet loss rate of the node is less than 5% during the normal distance data transmission. The signal intensity is between-33 dBm and-75 dBm, which can meet the need of use.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN92;S823;TP274

【相似文献】