微博对政策议程设置的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 01:31

本文选题：微博　切入点：公共政策　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：微博的发展不过短短几年时间,却在我国得到了飞速的发展,对社会的各领域产生了巨大影响。以微博为代表的自媒体浪潮的来临以及大众网络素养的显著提升,迅速在全社会掀起了一场"微革命"。公民通过微博了解社会动态、揭示社会问题、关注政府信息、表达利益诉求。在微博中,人人都能发声,人人都是媒体,最普通的民众也拥有话语权。可以说,微博开启了 "大众麦克风时代"。这种媒介环境的变化,意味着传统的传播模式也发生了重大改变:媒体不再是信息的唯一来源,普通公众也能掌握第一手资料,将社会问题呈现在大众面前。在微博平台中,由普通个人提出公共问题,经过传播和筛选,具有重大影响的事件能够进入政府视线,进而影响政策议程的设置。这在传统的议程设置中是难以实现的。这种媒介环境和传播模式的变化,使得媒体议程、公共议程和政策议程的互动关系也发生了改变,传统的议程设置的理论可能不再适用于新媒介环境。鉴于此,本文试图探讨这样几个问题,主流自媒体——微博是如何影响政策议程的;媒体议程、公众议程和政策议程之间是什么样的关系,它们是如何互动的。本文认为,个体和社群议程是政策议程的重要来源,需要把微博个体对公众议程以及媒体议程的作用纳入研究范畴。微博为政策议程的设立提供了重要的渠道,产生了极大的传播和发酵作用。文章主要使用了案例分析和归纳分析的研究方法,对微博影响政策议程设置的内外动因进行了分析,选取了微博影响政策议程设置的典型案例,并根据其发展的时间角度和议程设置的逻辑角度,进行案例的分析。而后,本文归纳了案例中议程设置的过程,根据议程融合理论,提出了新的议程设置的模型——议程融合模型。此模型有其适用的宏观环境和微观环境,用以界定模型适用范围,分析政策议程设置的动态过程。根据我国社会现实的研究和案例的解读,阐述了微博对政策议程设置的积极影响和消极影响,肯定了微博在加快政策议程设置、缩短议程周期,加速公共政策制定方面的正面效应;同时也指出了微博信息鸿沟、虚假信息和公民不正当参与造成的"伪议程"和议程设置不当等问题。针对这些问题,应该从改善微博内外环境、提高公民微博参政议政的能力、完善微博信息沟通渠道几个方面入手,优化微博影响政策议程设置的路径,减少微博的负面影响,发挥微博的积极作用。本文对微博影响政策议程的前景持乐观态度,认为微博不仅仅是公民利益诉求的渠道,它对我国公共政策制定、公民参政意识提高、社会现代化治理等国家战略层面的事务具有积极意义。
[Abstract]:Weibo's development is only a few years, but in our country has got the rapid development, has had the huge influence to the social each domain. The arrival of the self-media wave represented by Weibo and the remarkable enhancement of the mass network accomplishment, Quickly set off a "micro-revolution" in the whole society. Citizens understand the social dynamics through Weibo, reveal social problems, pay close attention to government information, and express their interests. In Weibo, everyone can speak out and everyone is the media. The most ordinary people also have the right to speak. It can be said that Weibo opened the "era of mass microphones." this change in the media environment means that the traditional mode of communication has also undergone a major change: the media is no longer the only source of information. The general public can also hold first-hand information and present social problems to the public. In Weibo's platform, ordinary individuals raise public issues, and after dissemination and screening, events with significant influence can enter the government's attention. And then affect the setting of the policy agenda. This is difficult to achieve in the traditional agenda setting. The change in the media environment and the mode of communication has changed the interaction between the media agenda, the public agenda and the policy agenda. The traditional theory of agenda setting may no longer be applicable to the new media environment. In view of this, this paper attempts to explore several issues, such as how mainstream media-Weibo influences the policy agenda; the media agenda, What is the relationship between the public agenda and the policy agenda, and how they interact. There is a need to include Weibo's individual role in the public agenda and the media agenda in the context of research. Weibo provides an important channel for the establishment of the policy agenda. This paper mainly uses case analysis and inductive analysis to analyze the internal and external causes of Weibo's influence on the setting of policy agenda, and selects a typical case of Weibo's influence on the setting of policy agenda. And according to the time of its development and the logical perspective of agenda setting, the case analysis is carried out. Then, this paper summarizes the process of agenda setting in the case, and according to the theory of agenda fusion, A new agenda setting model, agenda fusion model, is proposed. This model has its suitable macro and micro environment, which is used to define the scope of application of the model. This paper analyzes the dynamic process of setting policy agenda. According to the study of social reality in China and the interpretation of cases, this paper expounds Weibo's positive and negative influence on the setting of policy agenda, and affirms that Weibo is speeding up the setting of policy agenda and shortening the agenda cycle. Accelerating the positive effects of public policy formulation; at the same time, pointing out the information gap between Weibo, false information and the "false agenda" caused by the improper participation of citizens, and the improper setting of the agenda. In response to these problems, We should start with improving Weibo's internal and external environment, enhancing the ability of citizen Weibo to participate in politics and discuss politics, and perfecting the channels of information and communication between Weibo, so as to optimize the path by which Weibo affects the setting of the policy agenda, and to reduce the negative impact of Weibo. Play a positive role of Weibo. This paper is optimistic about the prospects for Weibo to influence the policy agenda, and holds that Weibo is not only a channel for citizens to pursue their interests, but also for the formulation of public policies in our country and the enhancement of citizens' awareness of political participation. Social modernization management and other national strategic level of affairs have positive significance.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G206;D63

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