基于TDLAS技术危险气体泄露检测

发布时间：2018-05-02 18:03

本文选题：可调谐激光吸收光谱技术 + 危化气体泄露　；参考：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文由硫化氢气体传感器研制引入多种痕量危险气体泄露检测,所研制的硫化氢传感器模型同样适用于甲硫醇、甲硫醚、氨气、甲烷等多种痕量危险气体泄露检测,只需更换相应激光器及光电探测器即可。硫化氢是一种高剧毒、致命性恶臭污染气体;由于低浓度时具有臭鸡蛋气味被人们熟知。其主要来源是作为天然气及石油提纯所得副产物,同时存在于停滞水池、动物排泄物或废弃煤堆中,对其浓度检测对于石油矿井安全开采具有重要意义。硫化氢同时可以作为一种制备氢气的原料,这样既可以去除一种有毒气体又能够生产一种能源气体。此外,硫化氢对于许多生理或病理性疾病的治疗起到至关重要作用。因此,痕量硫化氢气体浓度检测对于环境监测、安全生产、生物化学和医学领域有着重要意义。本文以痕量硫化氢气体检测为背景对气体浓度检测方法及意义进行了介绍。通过自行研制的激光硫化氢气体检测传感器,引入一种新型应用于痕量危险气体泄露在线监测方法。全文主要对于免校准波长调制光谱技术及自行研制的硫化氢气体传感器软件、硬件及传感器性能评价进行介绍。文章主要工作包括如下几个部分:(1)通过HITRAN数据库仿真,确定1578.128nm波长处为硫化氢避免空气中二氧化碳及水分子频谱混叠干扰的最强特征吸收峰。据此,选定中心发射波长为1578nm分布反馈式(Distributedfeedback)激光器作为激光源。同时选定其他主要硬件设备:·数字锁相放大器、激光器控制器、InGaAs光电探测器、自制气体标定池、离轴抛物面镜、角反射镜等,基于气体流量计自制一种可配置所需浓度比的设备(气体分割器)。(2)对于已建立硬件系统进行Lab View上位机波形数据显示程序编写、下位机Arm及FPGA程序编写,以及迪文DGUS触摸屏界面设计及程序编写。(3)利用气体分割器向气体标定池中通入不同浓度硫化氢标准气体完成对于建立硫化氢传感器标定。同时对该传感器线性度、响应时间、稳定性及检测限进行了评价。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces a variety of trace dangerous gas leakage detection by hydrogen sulfide gas sensor. The developed hydrogen sulfide sensor model is also suitable for the detection of trace dangerous gas leakage, such as methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, ammonia, methane, and other trace dangerous gases, such as methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, ammonia, methane, etc. Only need to replace the corresponding laser and photodetector. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic, deadly odor pollutant, known for its low concentration of rotten eggs. The main source is as the by-product of natural gas and oil purification, and it also exists in stagnant pool, animal excreta or waste coal heap. The detection of its concentration is of great significance for the safe exploitation of petroleum mines. Hydrogen sulfide can also be used as a raw material to produce hydrogen, which can not only remove a toxic gas but also produce an energy gas. In addition, hydrogen sulfide plays a critical role in the treatment of many physiological or pathological diseases. Therefore, the detection of trace hydrogen sulfide concentration is of great significance in environmental monitoring, safety production, biochemistry and medicine. Based on the detection of trace hydrogen sulfide gas, the method and significance of gas concentration detection are introduced in this paper. A new on-line monitoring method for trace dangerous gas leakage is introduced by using the laser hydrogen sulfide gas detection sensor developed by ourselves. This paper mainly introduces the technology of non-calibrated wavelength modulation spectrum and the software, hardware and performance evaluation of hydrogen sulfide gas sensor developed by ourselves. The main work of this paper includes the following parts: 1) through HITRAN database simulation, we determine that 1578.128nm wavelength is the strongest characteristic absorption peak of hydrogen sulfide to avoid the interference of CO2 and water spectrum aliasing in the air. Based on this, the 1578nm distributed feedback laser is selected as the laser source. At the same time, other main hardware equipments are selected: digital phase-locked amplifier, laser controller InGaAs photodetector, self-made gas calibration cell, off-axis parabolic mirror, angle mirror, etc. Based on the gas Flowmeter, a kind of equipment which can configure the required concentration ratio (gas splitter) is programmed for the Lab View upper computer waveform data display program, the lower computer Arm and FPGA program for the established hardware system. And the interface design and programming of Devon DGUS touch screen. 3) the calibration of hydrogen sulfide sensor is completed by using gas splitter into the gas calibration cell with different concentration hydrogen sulfide standard gas. The linearity, response time, stability and detection limit of the sensor are also evaluated.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212

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