K波段低副瓣微带天线设计

发布时间：2018-05-16 20:08

本文选题：微带天线阵列 + 泰勒综合法　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：众所周知,随着微带天线技术的迅速发展,以及无线电通信频段的拥挤,研究人员逐渐将研究重点转向到厘米波、毫米波、亚毫米波以及太赫兹频段。K波段即18-27GHz,国际通信联盟无线电通信局将24GHz规定为一个全球通用的ISM(Industrial Scientific Medical)频段。K波段微带阵列在工程中的应用十分广泛,在民用设施中最常用最常见的有车载雷达、雷达测速仪以及无人机防撞等应用。副瓣电平是天线性能的一项重要指标。在许多场合下,为了提高微带阵列的抗干扰和反地面杂波的性能,要求天线的副瓣尽可能低。微带天线是最早的平面结构天线,具有剖面低、体积小、成本低、易于集成以及适于组阵的优点。根据不同的应用场景,通常需要低副瓣、高增益、强方向性以及形成固定斜角波束等特性,单个微带往往难以胜任特定场景的要求,这就需要采用多个微带天线按一定的排列方式组成的微带阵列天线以满足这些特性要求。本论文结合车载毫米波雷达系统,设计了一组一发三收的微带天线阵列。基于微带天线的众多优点,特别是较于其它天线更适合组阵的特点,本文设计的阵列天线单元采用微带天线,并根据泰勒综合法技术降低天线阵列的副瓣。论文的具体工作如下:1、首先介绍了研究背景和国内外研究现状,简单介绍了微带天线的辐射特性、馈电方法、表面波以及微带天线设计步骤。2、接着介绍了天线阵列的基本理论,主要介绍了天线阵列的特性、馈电网络设计原理以及低副瓣设计方法,重点介绍了切比雪夫综合法和泰勒综合法。3、设计了一款用于车载毫米波雷达系统的K波段低副瓣微带天线阵列。天线包括一款8×5发射天线阵,一款8×2和两款8×1接收天线阵。在低副瓣的要求下,天线阵采用泰勒综合法设计馈电网络。通过优化仿真,制作出实物并进行了测试,仿真结果与实测结果基本吻合,达到了设计目标。
[Abstract]:As we all know, with the rapid development of microstrip antenna technology and the crowding of radio frequency band, researchers have gradually shifted their research focus to centimeter wave and millimeter wave. The submillimeter wave and terahertz band. K band is 18-27 GHz. The Radio Communications Bureau of the International Telecommunication Union defines 24GHz as a universal ISM(Industrial Scientific frequency band. K band microstrip array is widely used in engineering. The most commonly used and common applications in civil facilities include vehicular radar, radar velocimeter and unmanned aerial vehicle collision prevention and so on. Sidelobe level is an important index of antenna performance. In many cases, in order to improve the anti-jamming and anti-ground clutter performance of microstrip array, antenna sidelobe is required to be as low as possible. Microstrip antenna is the earliest planar antenna with the advantages of low profile, small size, low cost, easy integration and suitable for array. According to different application scenarios, the characteristics of low sidelobe, high gain, strong directivity and fixed beam-beamforming are often required, and a single microstrip is often unable to meet the requirements of a particular scenario. In order to meet these requirements, the microstrip array antenna composed of multiple microstrip antennas arranged in a certain way is needed. In this paper, a series of microstrip antenna arrays are designed based on vehicle millimeter wave radar system. Based on the advantages of microstrip antenna, especially compared with other antennas, the antenna elements designed in this paper adopt microstrip antenna, and reduce the sidelobe of antenna array by Taylor synthesis technique. The specific work of the thesis is as follows: firstly, the research background and the current research situation at home and abroad are introduced, and the radiation characteristics, feed method, surface wave and microstrip antenna design steps of microstrip antenna are briefly introduced, and then the basic theory of antenna array is introduced. The characteristics of antenna array, the design principle of feed network and the design method of low sidelobe are introduced. The Chebyshev synthesis method and Taylor synthesis method. 3 are introduced. A K band low sidelobe microstrip antenna array for vehicle millimeter wave radar system is designed. The antenna includes an 8 脳 5 antenna array, an 8 脳 2 antenna array and two 8 脳 1 receiving antenna arrays. At the request of low sidelobe, the antenna array adopts Taylor synthesis method to design feed network. Through the optimization simulation, the physical object is made and tested. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results, and the design goal is achieved.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822

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