宽角度频扫及单脉冲频扫天线的研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 18:47

本文选题：频扫天线 + 复合左右手材料　；参考：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：频率扫描天线因为其结构简单、重量轻和成本低等优势而被广泛地应用到多方面领域。但普通频扫天线阵也有频扫时主波束扫描角度小、测角精度不够等缺点。针对上述问题,本文从宽角度扫描、单脉冲实现方面分别对频率扫描天线进行了研究。首先,以实现大角度频率扫描为目的,研究了将复合左右手(CRLH)传输线结构应用于基片集成波导的频扫漏波天线。根据CRLH传输线理论,结合电磁仿真软件CST仿真分析,实现了在Ku波段3GHz的带宽内扫描50.7度的宽角度频扫。并在此基础上研究了采用稀布CRLH漏波天线阵列的方法降低其副瓣。其次,设计了一款应用于相频扫雷达中的波导缝隙阵列天线。根据等效电路法分析了窄边波导缝隙天线的设计原理,阐明了设计步骤,仿真设计出了一款波导缝隙阵列天线。然后对雷达前端进行了校准,并测试了天线阵面的两维方向图,工作频带内,频扫维实测副瓣在-25dB以下,相扫维实测副瓣在-20dB以下。最后,针对相频扫雷达中频率扫描波束对目标的定位、跟踪精度问题,研究了实现波导频扫单脉冲的天线结构。采用了以Taylor分布与Bayliss分布的幅度和、差分别作为相邻两根波导分布的形式,由和差网络的同相馈电和反相馈电来同时得到和、差波束。设计出的波导频扫单脉冲天线,中心频点的和波束副瓣为-28.4dB,对应的差波束的零深(与和波束相比)为-32.5dB,验证了这种方式的可行性。
[Abstract]:Frequency scanning antenna is widely used in many fields because of its simple structure, light weight and low cost. But the common frequency-sweep antenna array also has the shortcomings of small scanning angle of main beam and low precision of angle measurement. Aiming at the above problems, this paper studies the frequency scanning antenna from the aspect of wide angle scanning and monopulse realization. Firstly, in order to realize the large angle frequency scanning, the frequency sweep leaky wave antenna based on the composite left-right hand (CRLH) transmission line structure is studied. According to the theory of CRLH transmission line and the simulation analysis of electromagnetic simulation software CST, a wide angle sweep of 50.7 degree in the Ku-band 3GHz bandwidth is realized. On this basis, the method of reducing sidelobe by using thin-distributed CRLH leaky wave antenna array is studied. Secondly, a waveguide slot array antenna used in phase sweep radar is designed. According to the equivalent circuit method, the design principle of narrow side waveguide slot antenna is analyzed, the design steps are explained, and a waveguide slot array antenna is simulated and designed. Then the radar front end is calibrated, and the two dimensional pattern of antenna array is tested. In the frequency band, the measured sidelobe of frequency sweep dimension is below -25 dB, and the measured sidelobe of phase sweep dimension is below -20 dB. Finally, the antenna structure of waveguide frequency sweep monopulse is studied for the target location and tracking accuracy of frequency scanning beam in phase sweep radar. Using the amplitude sum and difference of Taylor distribution and Bayliss distribution as the forms of adjacent two waveguide distributions, the sum and differential beams are obtained simultaneously from the in-phase and inverse feed of the sum-difference network. The designed waveguide frequency-sweep monopulse antenna has a sidelobe of -28.4dB and a zero depth of -32.5dB (compared with the beam) at the center frequency. The feasibility of this method is verified.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN827.3

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