基于大功率速调管产生高功率微波技术研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 21:05

本文关键词：基于大功率速调管产生高功率微波技术研究　出处：《清华大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文主要研究了基于大功率速调管功率合成和脉冲压缩的高功率微波产生技术。与常用的振荡器型高功率微波系统相比,基于大功率速调管的高功率微波系统可以以较高的重复频率长时间稳定运行,具有能量效率高、输出脉冲宽及频率、功率、相位稳定利于功率合成等优点。这种高功率微波系统除可用于大型射频粒子加速器外,还可以用作高功率雷达发射机、强电磁辐射环境发生器以及微波定向能武器。论文选用大功率速调管和SLED脉冲压缩装置来产生高功率微波。首先,在分析谐振腔储能过程的瞬态特性和无源SLED脉冲压缩理论基础上,研究了谐振腔品质因子、耦合度以及倒相时刻、倒相速度等因素对SLED脉冲压缩装置峰值功率增益、能量效率的影响。针对在无源SLED脉冲压缩系统中高峰值功率增益和高能量效率无法兼顾的问题,提出了一种在储能阶段高耦合度、提取阶段低耦合度的有源SLED脉冲压缩方法。其次,在S波段设计搭建了一套基于大功率速调管功率合成和脉冲压缩的高功率微波系统。使用一台感应叠加型全固态调制器同时驱动两只速调管,经功率合成和脉冲压缩后,输出峰值功率可达212.9 MW、脉冲宽度约400 ns、重复频率25 Hz。速调管功率合成效率约97.7%,SLED脉冲压缩系统峰值功率增益约4.7倍,整套高功率微波系统的能量效率约9.8%。通过实验定量研究了倒相时刻、倒相速度对SLED脉冲压缩装置峰值功率、能量效率等性能的影响。最后,对论文提出的有源SLED脉冲压缩方法进行了实验验证。首次将带引燃极的气体放电开关管应用到有源SLED脉冲压缩技术中,设计了一种由波导H-T、气体放电开关管以及短路活塞组成的耦合度调节模块。利用大功率环形器替代SLED脉冲压缩装置中的3 d B耦合器,搭建了一套单谐振腔的有源SLED脉冲压缩实验系统。在倒相同时将谐振腔的耦合度由20降低到5左右时,获得了约6.5倍的峰值功率增益,同时提高了系统能量效率。与传统微波学科相融合是高功率微波技术的发展方向之一,本论文将粒子加速器射频功率源相关技术推广应用到高功率微波技术领域,对高功率微波技术的发展具有一定参考价值。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the high power microwave generation technology based on power synthesis and pulse compression of high power klystron is mainly studied. Compared with the commonly used high power microwave oscillator system, high power klystron high power microwave tube system with a high repetition rate based on the stable operation for a long time, has the advantages of high energy efficiency, the output pulse width and frequency, power and phase stability for power synthesis. The high power microwave system can be used not only for large RF particle accelerators, but also for high-power radar transmitters, strong electromagnetic radiation environment generators and microwave directional energy weapons. This paper uses high power klystron and SLED pulse compression device to produce high power microwave. First, based on the analysis of the transient characteristics of the cavity energy storage process and the passive SLED pulse compression theory, the influence of the resonator quality factor, coupling degree, and the phase inversion time and the phase velocity on the peak power gain and energy efficiency of the SLED pulse compression device is studied. Aiming at the problem that the high peak power gain and high energy efficiency can not be considered in the passive SLED pulse compression system, a new active SLED pulse compression method is proposed, which is highly coupled in the energy storage stage and low in the extraction stage. Secondly, a high power microwave system based on power synthesis and pulse compression of high power klystron is designed and built in the S band. An induction superposition all solid state modulator is used to drive two klystron at the same time. After power combining and pulse compression, the output peak power can reach 212.9 MW, the pulse width is about 400 ns, and the repetition rate is 25 Hz. The power synthesis efficiency of the klystron is about 97.7%, the peak power gain of the SLED pulse compression system is about 4.7 times, and the energy efficiency of the high power microwave system is about 9.8%. The effects of phase inversion time and phase velocity on the peak power and energy efficiency of SLED pulse compression device were quantitatively studied by experiments. Finally, the active SLED pulse compression method proposed in this paper is verified experimentally. For the first time, the gas discharge switch with igniter is applied to the active SLED pulse compression technology for the first time. A coupling module composed of waveguide H-T, gas discharge switch and short-circuit piston is designed. By replacing the 3 D B coupler in the SLED pulse compression device with a high-power annular device, an experimental system of active SLED pulse compression for a single resonant cavity is built. When the coupling degree of the resonator is reduced from 20 to about 5 at the same time, the peak power gain of about 6.5 times is obtained, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved. Integration with traditional microwave disciplines is one of the development directions of high-power microwave technology. In this paper, particle accelerator RF power source related technology is applied to the field of high-power microwave technology, which has a certain reference value for the development of high power microwave technology.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN015;TN122

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